“Graphical Modeling and Animation of Brittle Fracture” by James F. O’Brien and Jessica K....
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Transcript of “Graphical Modeling and Animation of Brittle Fracture” by James F. O’Brien and Jessica K....
![Page 1: “Graphical Modeling and Animation of Brittle Fracture” by James F. O’Brien and Jessica K. Hodgins, Georgia Institute of Technology “A Morphable Model.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081512/56649e535503460f94b48912/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
“Graphical Modeling and Animation of Brittle Fracture” by James F. O’Brien and Jessica K. Hodgins, Georgia Institute of Technology
“A Morphable Model for the Synthesis of 3D Faces” by Volker Blanz and Thomas Vetter, Max-Planck-Institut für Biologische Kybernetik
“Teddy: A Sketching Interface for 3D Freeform Design” by Takeo Igarashi and Hidehiko Tanaka, University of Tokyo, and Satoshi Matsuoka, Tokyo Institute of Technology
CHAOS Meeting!Bill White will present an overview of three papers that were presented at this year’s SIGGRAPH. These papers were selected as being expected to have the greatest overall impact on computer graphics and interactive techniques.
WednesdaySeptember 8, 1999
4:30 - 5:30 PMPeck Hall 2304
![Page 2: “Graphical Modeling and Animation of Brittle Fracture” by James F. O’Brien and Jessica K. Hodgins, Georgia Institute of Technology “A Morphable Model.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081512/56649e535503460f94b48912/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
“Graphical Modeling and Animation of Brittle Fracture”
James F. O’Brien and Jessica K. Hodgins
Georgia Institute of Technology
![Page 3: “Graphical Modeling and Animation of Brittle Fracture” by James F. O’Brien and Jessica K. Hodgins, Georgia Institute of Technology “A Morphable Model.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081512/56649e535503460f94b48912/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Previous work in modeling breaking objects either:
•simulated material deformations , generating a fracture whenever the distance between originally close nodes exceeded a certain size, or
•used virtual springs to connect masses together until the springs were pulled too far apart.
The two main drawbacks to these techniques:
•the exact location and orientation of the fractures is unknown, and
•the fracture surfaces are limited to the boundaries of the original mesh structure.
![Page 4: “Graphical Modeling and Animation of Brittle Fracture” by James F. O’Brien and Jessica K. Hodgins, Georgia Institute of Technology “A Morphable Model.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081512/56649e535503460f94b48912/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
This work remedies these two problems by structuring the breakable objects as a 3-D mesh of tetrahedra, each of which can be split into multiple tetrahedra after being fractured.
An adobe wall struck by a wrecking ball. The wall is attached to the ground.
The same adobe wall struck by a wrecking ball with 50 times the original wrecking ball’s mass.
![Page 5: “Graphical Modeling and Animation of Brittle Fracture” by James F. O’Brien and Jessica K. Hodgins, Georgia Institute of Technology “A Morphable Model.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081512/56649e535503460f94b48912/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
(a) The initial mesh used to generate the face of the adobe wall that is struck by the wrecking ball.
(b) The (reassembled) mesh after being struck by the wrecking ball.
(c) Same as (b), with cracks emphasized.
(d) Internal fractures shown as a wireframe.
![Page 6: “Graphical Modeling and Animation of Brittle Fracture” by James F. O’Brien and Jessica K. Hodgins, Georgia Institute of Technology “A Morphable Model.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081512/56649e535503460f94b48912/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
A simple object and its
tetrahedron mesh.
Opening Mode
In-Plane Shear Mode
Out-Of-Plane Shear Mode
The force modesthat could make the object open further.
![Page 7: “Graphical Modeling and Animation of Brittle Fracture” by James F. O’Brien and Jessica K. Hodgins, Georgia Institute of Technology “A Morphable Model.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081512/56649e535503460f94b48912/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
(a) The original tetrahedral element.
Splitting a Tetrahedral Element with a Fracture Plane
(b) The splitting node and fracture plane.
(c) The element is split into polyhedra that are decomposed into tetrahedra.
![Page 8: “Graphical Modeling and Animation of Brittle Fracture” by James F. O’Brien and Jessica K. Hodgins, Georgia Institute of Technology “A Morphable Model.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081512/56649e535503460f94b48912/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Comparison of a Real-World Event and a Simulation
A physical ceramic bowl dropped from one meter
onto a hard surface.
A simulation matching the initial conditions of
the physical bowl.
![Page 9: “Graphical Modeling and Animation of Brittle Fracture” by James F. O’Brien and Jessica K. Hodgins, Georgia Institute of Technology “A Morphable Model.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081512/56649e535503460f94b48912/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
![Page 10: “Graphical Modeling and Animation of Brittle Fracture” by James F. O’Brien and Jessica K. Hodgins, Georgia Institute of Technology “A Morphable Model.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081512/56649e535503460f94b48912/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
“A Morphable Model for the Synthesis of 3D Faces”Volker Blanz and Thomas Vetter
Max-Planck-Institut für Biologische Kybernetik
![Page 11: “Graphical Modeling and Animation of Brittle Fracture” by James F. O’Brien and Jessica K. Hodgins, Georgia Institute of Technology “A Morphable Model.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081512/56649e535503460f94b48912/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
A data set of A data set of prototypical of 3D facial prototypical of 3D facial
scans is used...scans is used...
……along with a 2D along with a 2D image of a face...image of a face...
……to produce a parameterization of to produce a parameterization of the 2D face as a linear combination the 2D face as a linear combination
of the faces in the database...of the faces in the database...
……that can be that can be manipulated to manipulated to
have a new have a new orientation, orientation, expression, expression,
etc.etc.
![Page 12: “Graphical Modeling and Animation of Brittle Fracture” by James F. O’Brien and Jessica K. Hodgins, Georgia Institute of Technology “A Morphable Model.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081512/56649e535503460f94b48912/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Making New Faces from Old Ones
Halfway between the average and
the prototype
The “Anti-Face”- As far from
the average as the prototype,
but in the opposite way!
![Page 13: “Graphical Modeling and Animation of Brittle Fracture” by James F. O’Brien and Jessica K. Hodgins, Georgia Institute of Technology “A Morphable Model.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081512/56649e535503460f94b48912/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
TheOriginal
The 3DModel
TheColor Map
The 3DReconstruction
Reorientations
![Page 14: “Graphical Modeling and Animation of Brittle Fracture” by James F. O’Brien and Jessica K. Hodgins, Georgia Institute of Technology “A Morphable Model.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081512/56649e535503460f94b48912/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
“Teddy: A Sketching Interface for 3D Freeform Design”
Takeo Igarashi & Hidehiko Tanaka, University of Tokyo
Satoshi Matsuoka, Tokyo Institute of Technology
![Page 15: “Graphical Modeling and Animation of Brittle Fracture” by James F. O’Brien and Jessica K. Hodgins, Georgia Institute of Technology “A Morphable Model.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081512/56649e535503460f94b48912/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Creating a 3D object with a 2D
input stroke.
Painting on the surface of the 3D object with a 2D input stroke.
Creating an extrusion from the 3D object with a closed stroke, followed by a rotation, and then an extrusion stroke.
![Page 16: “Graphical Modeling and Animation of Brittle Fracture” by James F. O’Brien and Jessica K. Hodgins, Georgia Institute of Technology “A Morphable Model.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081512/56649e535503460f94b48912/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Cutting off part of the 3D object with a 2D input
stroke.
Adding an extrusion after cutting the object.
Scribbling to
erase a feature.
Scribbling to smooth off a surface.
![Page 17: “Graphical Modeling and Animation of Brittle Fracture” by James F. O’Brien and Jessica K. Hodgins, Georgia Institute of Technology “A Morphable Model.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081512/56649e535503460f94b48912/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Creating the 3D Object
Original Polygon
Triangulation into Terminal, Sleeve,
and Junction Triangles
Chordal Axis
Retriangulation into Fans
Spine
Final Retriangulatio
n
Spines are elevated,
quarter ovals are generated,
and then triangulated as
a 3D mesh.