Grapevine Anatomy and Function...Grapevine Anatomy • Scion – above-graft part of vine; e.g,...

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Grapevine Anatomy and Function Dr. Jodi E. Creasap Gee January 21, 2014 MSU Wine Grape Conference

Transcript of Grapevine Anatomy and Function...Grapevine Anatomy • Scion – above-graft part of vine; e.g,...

Page 1: Grapevine Anatomy and Function...Grapevine Anatomy • Scion – above-graft part of vine; e.g, ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ or ‘Riesling’ • Rootstock – root system for grafted

Grapevine Anatomy and Function

Dr. Jodi E. Creasap Gee

January 21, 2014

MSU Wine Grape Conference

Page 2: Grapevine Anatomy and Function...Grapevine Anatomy • Scion – above-graft part of vine; e.g, ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ or ‘Riesling’ • Rootstock – root system for grafted

Grapevine Anatomy

• Scion – above-graft part of vine; e.g, ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ or ‘Riesling’

• Rootstock – root system for grafted vine

• Roots:

– Nutrient and water absorption

– No roots = no grapes!

Scion

Graft Union

Rootstock

Page 3: Grapevine Anatomy and Function...Grapevine Anatomy • Scion – above-graft part of vine; e.g, ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ or ‘Riesling’ • Rootstock – root system for grafted

Grapevine Roots

• Tap root

– Main root

• Branches

• Root hairs

– Increase surface area

Grapes, Creasy and Creasy 2009 (Originally from Pratt 1974) Not a grape seed…

Page 4: Grapevine Anatomy and Function...Grapevine Anatomy • Scion – above-graft part of vine; e.g, ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ or ‘Riesling’ • Rootstock – root system for grafted

Grapevine Roots

VAM – Vesicular-Arbuscular Mycorrhizae

Not a grape seed…

No

VAM

No

VAM

No

VAM

No

VAM

VAM

VAM

VAM

VAM

Shoot Dry Weight Root Dry Weight

Wei

ght (

g)

Grapes, Creasy and Creasy 2009

Page 6: Grapevine Anatomy and Function...Grapevine Anatomy • Scion – above-graft part of vine; e.g, ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ or ‘Riesling’ • Rootstock – root system for grafted

Soils & Root Nutrition

6.0 – 6.5

Soil pH Nutrition Pyramid for

Grapevines

Page 7: Grapevine Anatomy and Function...Grapevine Anatomy • Scion – above-graft part of vine; e.g, ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ or ‘Riesling’ • Rootstock – root system for grafted

Grapevine Anatomy

• Scion – above-graft part of vine; e.g, ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ or ‘Riesling’

• Rootstock – root system for grafted vine

• Roots:

– Nutrient and water absorption

– No roots = no grapes!

Scion

Graft Union

Rootstock

Page 8: Grapevine Anatomy and Function...Grapevine Anatomy • Scion – above-graft part of vine; e.g, ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ or ‘Riesling’ • Rootstock – root system for grafted

Shoots

Fruiting Zone

Cordon/Arm

Trunks

Grapevine Anatomy

Vegetative Growth

vs. Reproductive

Growth

Page 9: Grapevine Anatomy and Function...Grapevine Anatomy • Scion – above-graft part of vine; e.g, ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ or ‘Riesling’ • Rootstock – root system for grafted

Vine Anatomy

Spur Node

Internode 1st year wood

Presenter
Presentation Notes
Draw on white board
Page 10: Grapevine Anatomy and Function...Grapevine Anatomy • Scion – above-graft part of vine; e.g, ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ or ‘Riesling’ • Rootstock – root system for grafted

Bud Anatomy

• Primary bud – largest bud in center; full crop potential

• Secondary bud – 2nd smallest bud to one side; ~2/3 crop potential

• Tertiary bud – smallest bud tucked in side opposite 2° bud; usually no crop potential

Page 13: Grapevine Anatomy and Function...Grapevine Anatomy • Scion – above-graft part of vine; e.g, ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ or ‘Riesling’ • Rootstock – root system for grafted

Bud Development and Sunlight Interception

Adapted from Goffinet, Wine East 2001 http://lergp.cce.cornell.edu/timeline.php?id=15

Bud Initiation and

Development

Shoot emergence and growth

June

20

Augu

st 2

0

April

10

June

10

June

20

Augu

st 2

0

April

10

June

10

Gro

wth

Sta

ge

Page 16: Grapevine Anatomy and Function...Grapevine Anatomy • Scion – above-graft part of vine; e.g, ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ or ‘Riesling’ • Rootstock – root system for grafted

Grapevine Function

Photosynthesis

Fruit Production

Water and nutrient transport

Carbohydrate production for roots

and fruit

Sugar accumulation and seed ripening

1) Carbohydrates to roots

2) Water, nutrients, PGRs to shoots

Page 17: Grapevine Anatomy and Function...Grapevine Anatomy • Scion – above-graft part of vine; e.g, ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ or ‘Riesling’ • Rootstock – root system for grafted

Berry Anatomy

Skin Seeds Flesh Berry #4

Page 18: Grapevine Anatomy and Function...Grapevine Anatomy • Scion – above-graft part of vine; e.g, ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ or ‘Riesling’ • Rootstock – root system for grafted

Berry Anatomy

http://www.practicalwinery.com/julyaugust02/julaug02p14.htm

Page 20: Grapevine Anatomy and Function...Grapevine Anatomy • Scion – above-graft part of vine; e.g, ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ or ‘Riesling’ • Rootstock – root system for grafted

Thank You!