CHEE 440 1

GranulationGranulation

done to improve flow properties of the mix

improve compression properties of the mix prevent segregation of components in powder mix reduce production of toxic dust reduce possibility of ‘cake’ formation increase convenience of transport

CHEE 440 2

GranulationGranulation particle bonding mechanisms

adhesion and cohesion forces in immobile liquid films

interfacial forces in mobile liquid films

solid bridges

attractive forces between solid particles

CHEE 440 3

GranulationGranulation

Wet granulation equipment 3 main types

shear granulators high speed mixer/granulators fluidized bed granulators

shear granulator

CHEE 440 4

Wet GranulationWet Granulation

high speed mixer/granulator

CHEE 440 5

Wet GranulationWet Granulation

fluidized bed granulator

V M g p

150M

3

1 M

s2Dp

2

u t

V M

8.33 1 M s

2M3

CHEE 440 6

Wet GranulationWet Granulation

other more specialized granulators spray driers

D sr

0.4

Lnr2

0.6

0.2 LL p

2

0.1

CHEE 440 7

Wet GranulationWet Granulation

pelletizers

CHEE 440 8

Dry GranulationDry Granulation

Dry granulation equipment sluggers roller compactors