Grant agreement n°318514

Convergence of Heterogeneous Network and IT infrastructures in Support of Fixed

and Mobile Cloud Services

Outline

• CONTENT Overview

• Motivation, Technical Approaches

• Proposed approach: CONTENT

– Converged infrastructure integrating optical metro and wireless access network technologies with computational resources

– Enabling technology: Virtualization across all technology domains

• Virtual infrastructure planning

• Modelling results: power consumption & delay

• Conclusions

Project Overview

CONTENT focuses on developing a next generation ubiquitous converged network infrastructure to support the network of the future

It is be based on the IaaS paradigm and provide a technology platform interconnecting geographically distributed computational resources in support of Cloud and mobile Cloud services

Connectivity between end-users and the IT resources is provided by an advanced multi-technology network infrastructure, where IT resources are shared and accessed in accordance to the cloud computing paradigm

Project data– Project Duration: 36 months – Total Budget: 2,775,710 € – Grant Requested: 2,011,130 € – Number of partners: 7– Person Months: 323

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CONTENT Consortium

Participant no. Participant organisation name Part. short name Country

1 (Coordinator) JUNIPER NETWORKS IRELAND LIMITED JUNIPER IRELAND

2 UNIVERSITY OF BRISTOL UNIVBRIS UK

3 RESEARCH AND EDUCATION LABORATORY IN INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES AIT GREECE

4 FUNDACIO i2CAT, INTERNET I INNOVACIO DIGITAL A CATALUNYA I2CAT SPAIN

5 NEXTWORKS S.R.L NXW ITALY

6 UNIVERSITY OF THESSALY UTH GREECE

7 PRIMETEL PTL CYPRUS

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Motivation

• Internet traffic is expected to exceed 1 zettabyte per year by 2016– number of end devices and users connected to the Internet,

broadband access speed, new high performance applications• Mobile internet users are expected to exceed in number the

desktop internet users after year 2013– huge increase in mobile data: the majority coming from Cloud

computing applications– need for the next generation, sustainable network, interconnecting

users and computational resources• Strong candidate: a heterogeneous network integrating optical

metro and wireless access technologies to interconnect end users with computational resources

Source: White Paper, Cisco Global Cloud Index: Forecast and Methodology, 2011–2016

Supporting Fixed & Mobile Cloud Services

Cloudlet Approach: Micro DCs in the wireless access to support mobile cloud traffic and large DCs in the core to support fixed cloud traffic

Proposed Approach – CONTENT: Common DC infrastructure fully converged with the broadband wireless access and the metro optical network

Proposed Approach

• Computational resources (DCs) are interconnected with fixed and mobile end users through a heterogeneous network integrating optical metro and wireless access network technologies

• An advanced optical network solution supporting sub-wavelength switching granularity is integrated with wireless Long Term Evolution (LTE) access network technology supporting end user mobility through wireless backhauling

• The concept of virtualization across all technology domains is adopted to support the IaaS paradigm and the diverse and deterministic QoS needs of future Cloud and mobile Cloud services

– physical resources can be deployed and managed as logical services

– sharing of physical resources that can be accessed on-demand

– create new business models and enable exploitation opportunities for the underlying physical infrastructures

Converged Infrastructure

mobile users

Fixed users

TSON Edge nodes

Data CentersMetro Optical

Network

Wireless Access

Data Centers

TSON Frame

The IP packets from the LTE BS are forwarded to the TSON edge nodes, encapsulated in Ethernet packet. The TSON edge node processes the Ethernet traffic, and after converting it to TSON frames, forwards it to the destined TSON edge node. TSON extracts the Ethernet packets from the TSON frames, and directs them to the data center.

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LTE - Wireless Access

Anna Tzanakaki, Markos P. Anastasopoulos, Georgios S. Zervas, Bijan R. Rofoee, Reza Nejabati, Dimitra Simeonidou, “Virtualization of Heterogeneous Wireless-Optical Network and IT infrastructures in support of Cloud and Mobile Cloud Services, IEEE Communications Magazine, August 2013

Wireless Access and Optical Metro Data Plane

• Wireless Access: LTE Solution– Theoretical net bit-rate capacity of up to 100 Mbps per sector in the downlink and 50

Mbps per sector in the uplink of a 20 MHz channel is assumed

• Optical Data Plane: Time Shared Optical Network (TSON)

– Frame-based, time multiplexing metro network solution, offering dynamic connectivity with fine sub-wavelength bandwidth granularity

– Fixed and mobile cloud traffic differentiation is achieved through prioritization/sorting of the Ethernet frames

– TSON edge nodes provide the interfaces between the wireless and the optical domains as well as optical and DC domains

– The ingress TSON edge nodes are responsible for traffic aggregation and mapping, while the egress edge nodes have the reverse functionality

– The TSON core nodes offer transparent optical switching of the optical frames

Integration of Technology Domains

1. TSON edge nodes receive the Ethernet frames and arrange them to different buffers that are part of the node.

2. The Ethernet frames are aggregated into TSON frames, which are then assigned to a suitable time-slot and wavelength for further transmission in the network on a First In First Out (FIFO) basis.

3. When these frames reach the interface between the optical and the DC domains the reverse function takes place

Rx FIFO 1

Rx FIFO 2

Buffer

Tx FIFO λ1

Tx FIFO λ2

Tx FIFO λ3

Tx FIFO λ4

TSON

FIFO #1

FIFO #1

….

FIFO #M

DC

Fixed Traffic

Mo

bile

Use

rs

Rx FIFO 3

Rx FIFO 4

Scheduler

Buffer

Aggregator

FIFO #1

FIFO #1

….

FIFO #N

Wireless

Buffer

Rx FIFO 1

Rx FIFO 2

Rx FIFO 3

Rx FIFO 4

De Aggregation

Buffer

Overall ArchitecturePh

ysic

al In

fras

truc

ture

Wir

eles

s-TS

ON

In

terf

ace

TSO

N-D

C In

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astr

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anag

emen

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Wireless Network TSON Data Centers

Protocol Manager

WiFi/LTE Driver TSON Driver

Resource Abstraction

Resource Management

Virtualization

Cont

rol

Virtual Resource 1

Virtual Resource 2

Virtual Resource n

Enhanced Network Functions (routing, mobility, TE, etc)

Cloud Management System

Serv

ice

Orc

hest

ratio

n

End-to-end Cloud+Net Service Orchestration

1228/11/2012

Heterogeneous Physical Infrastructure Layer: including wireless (LTE/WiFi) domains, and an optical metro network domain (TSON) interconnecting distributed Data Centres.

Infrastructure Management Layer: responsible for orchestrated resource abstraction, resource management and virtualization of the physical resources across the heterogeneous network domains involved in the CONTENT infrastructure.

Control Layer: responsible to provision cloud and mobile cloud services seamlessly across the heterogeneous technology domains in an orchestrated manner to support optimized performance, QoS guarantees, QoE requirements as well as resource efficiency and sustainability.

Service Orchestration Layer: responsible for the efficient coordination of the cloud resources and the end-to-end composition and delivery of Cloud and network services.

Architecture Layers

Virtualization over heterogeneous infrastructures

• Abstraction of the physical resources into logical resources that can then be assigned as independent entities to different virtual infrastructures and shared by a variety of virtual operators and end users

• The objective is to implement dynamically reconfigurable unified virtual infrastructures over the underlying converged optical and wireless network segments interconnecting IT resources

Virtual Infrastructure Planning• Objective: dynamically reconfigurable, energy efficient

virtual infrastructures• VI planning: identifying optimal virtual infrastructure and

mapping the virtual to physical resources• The overall network power consumption model considers: • The active elements of the WDM metro network, based on

the Time Shared Optical Network (TSON), supporting frame-based sub-wavelength switching granularity

• A cellular LTE system for the wireless access domain and a collection of wireless microwave links for the interconnection of the LTE-enabled based stations

• Linear power consumption for the DCs• 100% power overhead due to cooling• Mobility model: A stochastic mobility model has been

adopted to predict mobile users’ locations and ensure seamless service provisioning across the various network segments

Impact of Mobility

Service-to-Mobility Factor: fraction of the service holding time over the cell residence time The power consumption increases with mobility

For high mobility additional resources are required to support the VI in the wireless access domain This additional resource requirement propagates in the optical metro network and the IT domains

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Average demands/source (Mbps)

Service-to-mobility factor

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ower

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n (W

att)

Performance Comparison: Delay

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3.5x 10

-3

Simulation time

De

lay (

s)

ProposedCloudlet

Comparison in terms of delay between the proposed architecture and cloudlets• Common delays in the wireless access are omitted• The TSON propagation delay is not considered (optical rings <5km)• Less than 2ms additional delay is introduced by the TSON network. • Considering that the minimum packet delay in LTE networks is measured to be of the order of 100ms the

additional 2ms delay TSON delay is negligible. • The additional TSON delay, can be compensated by allocating extra resources in the DC domain

Performance Comparison: Power

Impact of traffic load on power consumption for the proposed and the Cloudlet scheme

• the proposed approach can potentially offer energy savings

• the wireless access technology is responsible for over 40% of the overall power consumption

• the optical network consumes less than 10% of the energy

Impact of Resilience • 1+1 protection for the DCs

• The protection mechanism introduces an increase in the power consumption of the order of 20%

Conclusions

• Motivation

• Technical Approaches: Cloudlets & CONTENT

• Proposed approach: CONTENT

– Converged infrastructure integrating optical metro and wireless access network technologies with computational resources

– Enabling technology: Virtualization across all technology domains

• Virtual infrastructure planning

• Modelling results:

– Power consumption increases with mobility, wireless access has big contribution

– The proposed approach can potentially offer energy savings with minimal impact on delay

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Thank you!