Grammar expressing past time part 2
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Transcript of Grammar expressing past time part 2
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Learn English With Les Grammar
Essentials Lesson
Learn English With Les
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CONTENTS
1. Simple Past Tense: Using Where, Why, When, and What Time
2. Questions with What
3. Questions with Who and Whom
4. Simple Past Tense: Irregular Verbs (Group 5)
5. Simple Past Tense: Irregular Verbs (Group 6)
6. Simple Past Tense: Irregular Verbs (Group 7)
7. Before and After in Time Clauses
8. When in Time Clauses
9. Present Progressive and Past Progressive
10.Using While with the Past Progressive
11.Simple Past Tense vs. Past Progressive
AND WHAT TIME
Expressing Past Time, Part 2
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Where did you go?
SIMPLE PAST TENSE: USING WHERE, WHY,
WHEN, AND WHAT TIME
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QUESTION SHORT ANSWER
(a) Did you go home? Yes, I did.
No, I didn’t.
(b) Where did you go? Home.
(c) Were you at home? Yes, I was.
No, I wasn’t.
(d) Where were you? Home.
SIMPLE PAST TENSE: USING WHERE, WHY,
WHEN, AND WHAT TIME
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QUESTION SHORT ANSWER
(e) Did you drive because
you were late?
Yes, I did.
No, I didn’t.
(f) Why did you drive? Because I was
late.
(g) Did Ali go at six? Yes, he did.
No, he didn’t.
(h) When
What timeAt six.did Ali go?
SIMPLE PAST TENSE: USING WHERE, WHY,
WHEN, AND WHAT TIME
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WHEN
(i) What time did Ali go?
At four.
Twelve o’clock.
Around 4:30.
WHAT TIME
(j) When did Ali go?
At four.
Twelve o’clock.
Around 4:30.
On Friday.
Last month.
November 29th.
various
SIMPLE PAST TENSE: USING WHERE, WHY,
WHEN, AND WHAT TIME
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To learn English.
(I went to class to
learn English.)
Let’s Practice
Why did
you go to
class
_______
_______
______?
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Did you eat
breakfast Yes, I did.
(I ate breakfast.)
Let’s Practice
_________
________?
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Nothing.
(I didn’t eat
breakfast.)What did you eat
for breakfast
Let’s Practice
_____________
____________?
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What did Joe see?
QUESTIONS WITH WHAT
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A bat.
He saw a bat.
Yes, he did.
He saw a bat.
(a) Did Joe see a bat?
(b) What did Joe see?
QUESTION + HELPING + SUBJECT + MAIN
WORD VERB VERB
QUESTIONS WITH WHAT
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An apple.
She’s eating an apple.
Yes, she is.
She’s eating an apple.
(c) Is Jen eating an
apple?
(d) What is Jen eating?
QUESTION + HELPING + SUBJECT + MAIN
WORD VERB VERB
QUESTIONS WITH WHAT
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(e) Sam drank some milk.
(f) What did Sam drink?
S V O
some milk object of the verb
O V S V
object of the verbWhat
QUESTIONS WITH WHAT
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They saw a movie.
What did they see
Let’s Practice
A movie.SHORT ANSWER
LONG ANSWER
__________________?
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_______________________________?
I got a computer for my
birthday.
What did you get for your birthday
A computer.
Let’s Practice
SHORT ANSWER
LONG ANSWER
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______________________?What do they like to do
Let’s Practice
They like to fish.
Fish.SHORT ANSWER
LONG ANSWER
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Who did you see?
QUESTIONS WITH WHO AND WHOM
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She saw Oscar.
A bird.
QUESTION ANSWER
(a) What did she see?
(b) Who did she see? Oscar.
She saw a bird.
QUESTIONS WITH WHO AND WHOM
What things
Who people
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Oscar.
QUESTION ANSWER
(c) Who did she see?
(d) Whom did she see? Oscar.
Whom
Who
She saw Oscar.
She saw Oscar.
same meaning
QUESTIONS WITH WHO AND WHOM
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Whom
Who
formal English
everyday English
QUESTIONS WITH WHO AND WHOM
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Oscar.
QUESTION ANSWER
(e) Who(m) did she see?
Who(m) object of verb
She saw Oscar.
O
QUESTIONS WITH WHO AND WHOM
O
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Pedro.
QUESTION ANSWER
(g) Who did that?
(h) Who knows her?
Lea.
Pedro did that.
Lea knows her.
S
QUESTIONS WITH WHO AND WHOM
S
S
S
S
(f) Who came?
Zoe. Zoe came.
S
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Who read the email?
Mariella emailed Abe. Abe read the
message. Abe called Mariella.
Mariella.Who emailed Abe?
Abe.
Abe.Who called Mariella.
Let’s Practice
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Who went for a ride with Amin?
Jalal bought a new car. His daughter,
Amin, borrowed it. She took Jane for a
ride.
Who borrowed it?
Jalal.Who bought a new car?
Amin.
Jane.
Let’s Practice
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How much did your car cost?
SIMPLE PAST TENSE: IRREGULAR VERBS (GROUP 5)
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PRESENT PAST
cost cost
How much does
it cost ?
How much did
it cost last year?
SIMPLE PAST TENSE: IRREGULAR VERBS (GROUP 5)
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PRESENT PAST
forget forgot
Did I forget your
birthday?I forgot your birthday
last year.
SIMPLE PAST TENSE: IRREGULAR VERBS (GROUP 5)
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PRESENT PAST
give gave
She gives me
very nice gifts.
Yesterday she
gave me a CD.
SIMPLE PAST TENSE: IRREGULAR VERBS (GROUP 5)
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PRESENT PAST
cut cut
hit hit
hurt hurt
lend lent
make made
shut shut
spend spent
understand understood
SIMPLE PAST TENSE: IRREGULAR VERBS (GROUP 5)
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Did you shut
the oven door?
Let’s Practice
Yes, I
the oven door.
shut
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Did you make
that cake for me?
Let’s Practice
Yes, I it
for your birthday.
made
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Sometimes I spend
too much money.
Let’s Practice
I know. Last
week you
$200.
spent
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The wind blew very hard yesterday.
SIMPLE PAST TENSE: IRREGULAR VERBS (GROUP 6)
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PRESENT PAST
blow blew
Sometimes the
wind blows hard.
Last week it
blew very hard.
SIMPLE PAST TENSE: IRREGULAR VERBS (GROUP 6)
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PRESENT PAST
grow grew
He grows tomatoes
in his garden.He grew many
tomatoes last year.
SIMPLE PAST TENSE: IRREGULAR VERBS (GROUP 6)
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PRESENT PAST
swim swam
We swim in the
ocean in the
summer.
We swam in the
ocean last summer.
SIMPLE PAST TENSE: IRREGULAR VERBS (GROUP 6)
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PRESENT PAST
draw drew
fall fell
feel felt
keep kept
know knew
throw threw
win won
SIMPLE PAST TENSE: IRREGULAR VERBS (GROUP 6)
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I tomatoes,
carrots, and beets.What did you
grow in your
garden?
Let’s Practice
grew
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I know. He
off his bicycle
yesterday.
Sometimes
he falls off his
bicycle.
Let’s Practice
fell
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Teresa became a dentist.
SIMPLE PAST TENSE: IRREGULAR VERBS (GROUP 7)
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PRESENT PAST
become became
You can become
a doctor.Alisa became a
doctor last year.
SIMPLE PAST TENSE: IRREGULAR VERBS (GROUP 7)
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PRESENT PAST
build built
My mom builds
office buildings.
She built a new
one in our city.
SIMPLE PAST TENSE: IRREGULAR VERBS (GROUP 7)
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PRESENT PAST
bend bent
bite bit
feed fed
fight fought
hide hid
hold held
shake shook
SIMPLE PAST TENSE: IRREGULAR VERBS (GROUP 7)
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When I am scared, I ____. Yesterday
I saw a snake. I ___.
Let’s Practice
hide
hid
hide hid
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Let’s Practice
What did I do
when I saw
the snake?You ___.hid
hide hid
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Every afternoon, we ____ the horses.
We ___ them today at 3 o’clock.fedfeed
Let’s Practice
feed fed
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What did we do at 3:00 this afternoon?
You ____________.
Let’s Practice
fed the horses
feed fed
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They ate dinner before I arrived.
BEFORE AND AFTER IN TIME CLAUSES
We ate dessert after I arrived.
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(a) They ate dinner.S V
a complete sentence
= a main clause
BEFORE AND AFTER IN TIME CLAUSES
(b) before I arrived = a time clause
an incomplete sentence
S V
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(c) They ate dinner before I arrived.S V
main clause time clause
A time clause must connect
with a main clause.
BEFORE AND AFTER IN TIME CLAUSES
(d) Before I arrived, they ate dinner.
main clausetime clause
S V
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They ate dinner before I arrived.
main clause time clause
BEFORE AND AFTER IN TIME CLAUSES
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Before I arrived, they ate dinner.
time clause, main clause
BEFORE AND AFTER IN TIME CLAUSES
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(d) Before I arrived, they ate dinner.time clause
before + S + V
after + S + Vtime clauses
BEFORE AND AFTER IN TIME CLAUSES
(e) We ate dessert after I arrived.
time clause
S V
S V
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(e) We ate dessert after I arrived.main clause time clause
(f) After I arrived, we ate dessert.
main clausetime clause
BEFORE AND AFTER IN TIME CLAUSES
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(g) I read a book after dinner.
prep. phrase
(h) I watched TV before dinner.
prep. phrase
BEFORE AND AFTER IN TIME CLAUSES
after + noun
before + noun=
prepositional
phrase
N
N
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Before we moved to Maryland,
we lived in California.
time clause main clause
Let’s Practice
? ?
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? ?
I studied very hard
before the test.
time clause main clause
Let’s Practice
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After we studied,
we went out.
time clause main clause
Let’s Practice
? ?
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When the rain stopped, we took a walk.
WHEN IN TIME CLAUSES
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(a) When the rain stopped, we took a walk.
We took a walk when the rain stopped.
When can introduce a time clause.
time clauses
WHEN IN TIME CLAUSES
OR
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Arnoldo lived in Peru when he was young.
noun pronoun
(Arnoldo) (he)
(b) When Arnoldo was young, he lived in Peru.
WHEN IN TIME CLAUSES
OR
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(c) When did the snow stop? = a question
(d) when the snow stopped = a time clause
a question = a complete sentence
WHEN IN TIME CLAUSES
a time clause = not a sentence
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When he served dinner,
A. I went to a party.
B. I sat down to eat.
C. she began exercising.
Let’s Practice
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A. she climbed a mountain.
When she went swimming,
B. she bought a tiger.
C. she got wet.
Let’s Practice
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A. her feet hurt.
When Josey wore her new shoes,
B. when she went to school.
C. we ran home.
Let’s Practice
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It is 7P.M. now. Alexis is shopping.
PRESENT PROGRESSIVE AND PAST
PROGRESSIVE
Yesterday at 7P.M.,Alexis was shopping.
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(a) It’s noon now. Angie is eating lunch.
PRESENT PROGRESSIVE
(b) I saw her at noon yesterday.
She was eating lunch.
PAST PROGRESSIVE
PRESENT PROGRESSIVE AND PAST
PROGRESSIVE
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(c) It’s noon. I am eating lunch.
PRESENT PROGRESSIVE FORM:
AM
ISIt’s noon. Jung is eating lunch.
It’s noon. We are eating lunch.
+ -ING
+ -ING
+ -INGARE
PRESENT PROGRESSIVE AND PAST
PROGRESSIVE
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(d) It was noon.
PAST PROGRESSIVE FORM:
WAS
WERE
Jung was eating lunch.+ -ING
+ -INGWe were going to class.
PRESENT PROGRESSIVE AND PAST
PROGRESSIVE
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When I saw my teacher,
she ___________ at her
watch. She was late.
Let’s Practice
was looking
look
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When I arrived, the students
__________the test.were taking
take
Let’s Practice
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When the class started, he
_________ in his seat.was sitting
Let’s Practice
sit
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Mary went to her yoga
class last night. The
class _______ at 5:00
and ______ at 7:00.
Let’s Practice
started
ended
start
end
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She had fun while she was flying.
USING WHILE WITH THE PAST PROGRESSIVE
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(a) She had fun while she was flying.
(b) While she was flying, she had fun.
while + subject + verb = a time clause
USING WHILE WITH THE PAST PROGRESSIVE
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(a) She had fun while she was flying.
(b) While she was flying, she had fun.
activity in progress
activity happened
USING WHILE WITH THE PAST PROGRESSIVE
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He was fixing his car.
He hurt his back.
Let’s Practice
While ___________ his car
he _________his back.
,he was fixing
hurt
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It started snowing.
I was driving to work.
Let’s Practice
While ____________________,
________________.
I was driving to workit started snowing
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While he _________________,
___________________.
He was running to work.
He looked at his watch.
Let’s Practice
he looked at his watch
was running to work
___________________ while
_______________________.
He looked at his watch
he was running to work
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Kyung emailed me last week.
SIMPLE PAST TENSE vs. PAST PROGRESSIVE
I was studying whenKyung emailed me.
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(a) Kyung emailed me this morning.
(b) I studied for two hours on Monday.
(c) We visited my mom on Saturday.
(d) They watched a movie last night.
began and ended
at a time in the past
Simple Past
SIMPLE PAST TENSE vs. PAST PROGRESSIVE
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activity in progress when
another action happened
(e) I was cooking when Jill came over
last night.
(f) While I was cooking last night, Jill
came over.
Past Progressive
SIMPLE PAST TENSE vs. PAST PROGRESSIVE
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(g) I ordered dinner when the waiter came over.
first
SIMPLE PAST TENSE vs. PAST PROGRESSIVE
second
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(h) When the movie ended, I walked out.
(i) When the movie ended, I was walking
out.
COMPARE
1 2
12
SIMPLE PAST TENSE vs. PAST PROGRESSIVE
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When the bell ____, we ____
home.
wentrang
Let’s Practice
ring go
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While I ___________,
my dog ________.ran away
was sleeping
Let’s Practice
sleep run away
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When I ___ my wife, I
________ in Berlin.
met
was living
Let’s Practice
meet live
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The End
End of the Lesson