Grammar Community Esol Grammar Sheets

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Grammar Sheets Go back to the main page Please read this first: Teaching Notes 1... I've Got 15... Do / Make 2... I / My, This / That 16... Do / Does / Did 3... Pronouns 17... Be / Have / Do 4... Verbs 18... Be / Have / Do 5... Like, Want, Need 19... Be / Have / Do 6... I Can / Can You? 20... Questions 7... Walk / Don't Walk 21... First, Then, Next 8... Am / Is / Are Working 22... I, Me, My, Mine 9... I Like / I Don't Like 23... Possessives 10... To Be + Adjective 24... Countable / Uncountable 11... I Walk Slowly, I Run Fast 25... A Chicken, Chicken, Chickens 12... Prepositions 26... Some / Any 13... Prepositions 27... Sentence Structure 14... Have / Have Got Community ESOL Grammar Sheets http://www.hillingdoncharities.com/community_esol/grammar_sheets_index.htm [05/06/2003 13:44:17]

Transcript of Grammar Community Esol Grammar Sheets

Page 1: Grammar Community Esol Grammar Sheets

Grammar Sheets Go back to the main page

Please read this first: Teaching Notes

1... I've Got 15... Do / Make

2... I / My, This / That 16... Do / Does / Did

3... Pronouns 17... Be / Have / Do

4... Verbs 18... Be / Have / Do

5... Like, Want, Need 19... Be / Have / Do

6... I Can / Can You? 20... Questions

7... Walk / Don't Walk 21... First, Then, Next

8... Am / Is / Are Working 22... I, Me, My, Mine

9... I Like / I Don't Like 23... Possessives

10... To Be + Adjective 24... Countable / Uncountable

11... I Walk Slowly, I Run Fast 25... A Chicken, Chicken, Chickens

12... Prepositions 26... Some / Any

13... Prepositions 27... Sentence Structure

14... Have / Have Got  

Community ESOL Grammar Sheets

http://www.hillingdoncharities.com/community_esol/grammar_sheets_index.htm [05/06/2003 13:44:17]

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COMMUNITY ESOLA new approach to teaching English through ethnic minority community centresResource materials for use by ESOL teachers, to accompany written report.

This Community ESOL resource is also available on a CD. Phone Jason King on 01895 442 929.

THE REPORTCommunity ESOL Report by Liz Chiu.

USING THIS WEBSITEDocuments on this website can only be viewed using freesoftware called Adobe Acrobat Reader. You may already havethis software on your computer but if not then install Adobe AcrobatReader.

CREATED BYReport and resource materials by Liz Chiu.CD and website production by Jason King.Find out about the creators of this website

     THE RESOURCE MATERIALS

Speech ProductionTeaching Notes  •  Words  •  Pictures  •  Poems

GrammarTeaching Notes  •  Grammar Sheets

ComprehensionReading Materials  •  Dialogues

Activity SheetsTeaching Notes  •  Activity Sheets 1-5

Scheme of WorkScheme of Work  •  Lesson Plan

National CurriculumNational Curriculum

Community ESOL

http://www.hillingdoncharities.com/community_esol/index.htm [05/06/2003 13:45:12]

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GGrraammmmaarr The majority of Community ESOL participants have been living in this country for more than 5 years; many have acquired functional communication skills without any formal training in sentence structure or grammar.

Level 2 speakers were unable to :

identify the verb in a sentence differentiate between nouns and verbs replace a noun with the correct personal pronoun recognise that ‘be’ ‘is’ ‘are’ ‘were’ are parts of the same verb As a result their comprehension skills were poor in comparison with their speaking skills, and their ability to write correctly was limited to very simple sentences. Grammar was identified as a key area for development under the Community ESOL project. Grammar Sheets have been produced for use in mixed level community groups, providing practice of essential grammatical structures using key topic vocabulary. The thinking behind the Grammar Sheets is this: All English speakers need to grasp the basic points of English grammar. Advanced grammar can only be learnt by those who already understand the basics. Many British residents have learnt to speak without ever learning the basics. Advanced students often need very basic grammar lessons.

For these reasons, very basic grammar is taught and reinforced to all students. Grammar Sheets are linked to topics in the Scheme of Work, but most sheets stand alone for use as and when the teacher feels they are appropriate to the level and needs of the group. The Grammar Sheets are not intended for Entry Level 1 students. They cover all the key grammatical structures required by the ESOL National Curriculum to support the national standards and level descriptors at Entry Level 1, because that is the level of grammar required by the Community ESOL group participants. However, some of the sheets include advanced vocabulary items and details which are not introduced to complete beginners. It is for the teacher to judge which sheets can be used with a particular group. Community Group teaching includes an element of ‘learning support’ as the more advanced students translate and explain to those who cannot understand the teacher. As a result it is possible to use a range of materials at different levels, and expose all students to a broader language sample. It is felt that the grammar preparation included in the Community ESOL materials should be repeated regularly for students from non-European language bases, to reinforce the structures which are particularly difficult for them to adopt. It is important to correct the learners’ grammar as their key language skills improve. This is especially true if they hope to use English in their work, as writing competence and qualifications will remain forever beyond their scope if they do not have a basic understanding of English grammar.

Link to Grammar Sheets

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C o m m u n i t y E S O L L e s s o n M a t e r i a l s f o r T e a c h i n g P u r p o s e s O N L Y

GRAMMAR SHEET 1

I’ve got …

This isn’t my dog.

This is my cat.

I’ve got a cat. I haven’t got a dog.

I’ve got a cat. I haven’t got a dog.

I’ve got 2 brothers. I haven’t got a sister.

He’s got a car. He hasn’t got a boat. She’s got a computer. She hasn’t got a camera.

________________________________________________________________________________ She’s got a……… He’s got a…………. They’ve got an ……. We’ve got a……….. tent house motorbike bicycle armchair television table chair She hasn’t got a…… He hasn’t got a… They haven’t got a…….. We haven’t got a…… ________________________________________________________________________________

dog football

bed telephone guitar radio

Have you got a…..? I’ve got a ……………………………….. I haven’t got a ………………………………… …………………………………………… ………………………………………………… …………………………………………… …………………………………………………

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C o m m u n i t y E S O L L e s s o n M a t e r i a l s f o r T e a c h i n g P u r p o s e s O N L Y

GRAMMAR SHEET 15

Verbs: ‘do’ / ‘make’

1. do the washing 10. make the bed 12 2. do your work 11. make a cake

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5 3. do the housework 12. make a noise 4. do your homework 13. make a cup of tea 5. do the shopping 14. make a phone call 6. do the cooking 15. make money 7. do the cleaning 16. make a mistake 8. do the ironing 17. make trouble 9. do the washing up 18. make sure

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C o m m u n i t y E S O L L e s s o n M a t e r i a l s f o r T e a c h i n g P u r p o s e s O N L Y

GRAMMAR SHEET 2

Pronouns: I / my, this / that

I’ve got a cat. This is not my cat. My cat is white. My cat isn’t black.

This

isn’t my cat This is my cat.

That is not my cat. That isn’t my cat.

________________________________________________________________________________ I’ve got a rabbit. My rabbit is black.

This is my rabbit. )

Is this my rabbit? No! That’s not my rabbit.

And that’s not my rabbit! My rabbit is black. This is not my rabbit

_______________________________________________________________________________

I’ve got a bag. My bag is black. I haven’t got a jacket. My jacket’s at home. I’ve got a pen. This is my pen. That’s not my pen. My pen is blue.

pen / book / letter / television / cup / phone / ball / cake / key / bell / guitar ________________________________________________________________________________

Hey! That’s my money!

Give me my money!

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C o m m u n i t y E S O L L e s s o n M a t e r i a l s f o r T e a c h i n g P u r p o s e s O N L Y

GRAMMAR SHEET 16

Verbs: ‘do’ / ‘does’ / ‘did’

1. We use the verb ‘to do’ when we ask questions: Do you like cheese? Does he play football? Do they live in London? Does she eat meat? Did you have lunch yesterday?

2. We must choose the right person and tense of the verb : ‘do’, ‘does’ or ‘did’ : present or past tense? person? (turn it round to make a question)

You like cheese. present tense, ‘you do’ ⇒ do you? Do you like cheese? He plays football. present tense, ‘he does’ ⇒ does he? Does he play football? They live in London. present tense, ‘they do’ ⇒ do they? Do they live in London? She eats meat. present tense, ‘she does’ ⇒ does she Does she eat meat? You had lunch yesterday. past tense, ‘you did’ ⇒ did you Did you have lunch?

3. We use the verb ‘to do’ before ‘not’ : You like cheese. ⇒ You do not like cheese. do not = don’t He plays football. ⇒ He does not play football. does not = doesn’t They live in London. ⇒ They do not live in London. do not = don’t She eats meat. ⇒ She does not eat meat. does not = doesn’t You had lunch yesterday. ⇒ You did not have lunch yesterday. did not = didn’t

4. When we use ‘do’ + another verb, only ‘do’ must have the right tense and person: Does he play football? • (plays • ) She doesn’t eat meat. • (eats • ) Did you have lunch yesterday? • (had • )

Make questions ( ? ) : Make negatives (not) : He loves his wife. ……………………………………… …………………………………………

We live abroad. ……………………………………… …………………………………………

My sister feels sick. ……………………………………… …………………………………………

You know my mum. ……………………………………… …………………………………………

They play tennis. ……………………………………… …………………………………………

He reads in English. ……………………………………… …………………………………………

She went shopping. ……………………………………… …………………………………………

The boys left early. ……………………………………… …………………………………………

He wants more. ……………………………………… …………………………………………

His mum lives alone. ……………………………………… …………………………………………

You had too much. ……………………………………… …………………………………………

We started eating. ……………………………………… …………………………………………

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C o m m u n i t y E S O L L e s s o n M a t e r i a l s f o r T e a c h i n g P u r p o s e s O N L Y

GRAMMAR SHEET 3

Pronouns

Choose from : my, your, our, their, his, her, its to say who a thing belongs to

eg. Sam works well. Sam’s work is good.

1. I work well. …… work is good.

2. You work well. …… work is good.

3. He works well. …… work is good.

4. She works well. …… work is good.

5. We work well. …… work is good.

6. They work well. …… work is good.

7. You sit here. This is ……… seat.

8. He painted this picture. This is ……… painting.

9. She’s drinking that. That is ……… drink.

10. I wrote that. That is ……… writing.

The actress is beautiful. / She is beautiful. The king is rich. / He is rich.

The actress > she The king > he

Which pronoun can take the place of the following nouns?

eg: the actress = she , the king = he. Choose : I, you, he, she, it, we, they

11. my daughters …………

12. your parents …………

13. her brother …………

14. the king’s mother …………

15. the girl’s book …………

16. our son’s house …………

17. my sister’s son …………

18. the baby’s room …………

19. old people …………

20. young men …………

1. the girl …………

2. the books …………

3. my husband and I …………

4. my son …………

5. her son …………

6. his book …………

7. his sister …………

8. our house …………

9. your children …………

10. his granddaughter …………

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C o m m u n i t y E S O L L e s s o n M a t e r i a l s f o r T e a c h i n g P u r p o s e s O N L Y

GRAMMAR SHEET 17

Verbs: ‘be’ / ‘have’ / ‘do’

1 Choose the verb :

1. My name (am / are / is) Sam. 2. I (am / are / is) English and my wife (am / are / is) Russian. 3. My wife (do / does) the washing, and I (do / does) the cooking. 4. We both (do / does) the shopping. 5. We (am / are / is) always very busy. 6. I (am / are / is) 48 and my wife (am / are / is) 42 years old. 7. We (have / has) two sons and a daughter. 8. Our eldest son (am / are / is) 18 years old. 9. He (do / does) his homework, but he never (do / does) the housework. 10. The boys sometimes (do / does) the cooking. 11. Our younger son (am / are / is) called Peter and our daughter’s name (am / are / is) Tanya. 12. Peter (have / has) blue eyes and brown hair. 13. The boys (have / has) many computer games which (am / are / is) very long and difficult. 14. Tanya (am / are / is) much younger than her brothers. 15. She (have / has) hundreds of toys and games, but not computer games. 16. Her brothers (am / are / is) cross with her because she (am / are / is) always spoiling their

game.

See Grammar Sheet 18 for test

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GRAMMAR SHEET 4

Verbs

Verbs say what we are doing, how we feel and how we are : sit / play / love / feel / work / move / have

Verbs change; they have different endings:

to have / has / had / having to do / does / did / done / doing

Verbs can be many words together:

have got / has had / am having / will have had has worked / has been working / should have been working

Verbs need a subject – who or what is doing the action :

I sit / he sits / the girl is playing / my leg hurts / the car is moving

Verbs can look the same as nouns : (noun) my work is hard / (verb) I work hard

I cough (verb) / I have a cough (noun)

Verbs tell us when and how often something happens : I am working (right now) / I work (regularly) / I worked (before)

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * It is important to know which words are verbs because we have

to change the endings to give the right meaning.

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * Find the verbs and underline them :

My name is Bill. I am American. I live in the mountains near Canada. I ’ve got a wife, two children and a dog. My wife comes from the north of England.

Our children go to school a long way away from our house. The other children at the school all travel a long way from their homes.

In the winter there ’s sometimes a lot of snow. The school has to close if the roads are blocked, because the teachers can’t get there.

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GRAMMAR SHEET 18

Verbs: ‘be’ / ‘have’ / ‘do’

See Grammar Sheet 17 for part 1

2 Choose the verb :

am / is / are, have / has, do / does 1. My name ……….. Sam.

2. I ……….. English and my wife …………. Russian.

3. My wife ………… the washing, and I ………… the cooking.

4. We both …………. the shopping.

5. We ………….. always very busy.

6. I …………. 48 and my wife ………….. 42 years old.

7. We ………….. two sons.

8. Our eldest son …………… 18 years old.

9. He …………… his homework, but he never ………… the housework.

10. The boys sometimes …………… the cooking.

11. Our younger son ……….. called Peter and our daughter’s name …………… Tanya.

12. Peter …………… blue eyes and brown hair.

13. The boys ……………. many computer games which …………… very long and difficult.

14. Tanya …………….. much younger than her brothers.

15. She …………… hundreds of toys and games, but not computer games.

16. Her brothers …………… cross with her because she …………… always spoiling their

game.

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GRAMMAR SHEET 5

Verbs: like, want, need

I like apples. I want a beautiful garden. I need more money. He likes apples. She wants a beautiful garden. A poor man needs money. What do you like? What do you want? What do you need? I like …………………… . I want ……………………. . I need ………………..……. . I like …………………… . I want ……………………. . I need ………………..……. . I like …………………… . I want ……………………. . I need ………………..……. .

My son likes football. He wants to play for England. He needs to train hard. My husband likes cars. He wants to be rich. He needs to work hard. My daughter likes music. She wants to be a pop star. She needs to practise.

Verbs: play, work, live

I play ……….. you play ……….. we play ……….. they play ……….. he plays ……….. she plays ……….. I work ……….. you work ……….. we work ……….. they work ……….. he works ……….. she works ………..

tennis the piano chess computer games the trumpet the violin football the drums

part time every day at night from 9 to 5 at the weekend at home in the morning too hard

I live ……….. you live ……….. we live ……….. they live ……….. he lives ……….. she lives ………..

in a house in a tent in London in a flat in a bungalow in America with friends in France

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C o m m u n i t y E S O L L e s s o n M a t e r i a l s f o r T e a c h i n g P u r p o s e s O N L Y

GRAMMAR SHEET 18

Verbs: ‘be’ / ‘have’ / ‘do’

Write be / is / are in the spaces

I have a friend called Su Lin. She …… Chinese. Her parents …… farmers.

They …… not rich, but they …… happy. On the farm there ……. a pig and there

…… lots of chickens. At home there ……. a dog, and a cat with five kittens. Su Lin

loves them all. The smallest kitten …… Su Lin’s favourite. He ……. always

hungry. When he sees Su Lin he cries to her and licks her fingers, asking for food.

She calls him Jet because he ……. black apart from his ears and the tip of his tail. Jet

and his sisters …… very playful. Su Lin will …….. sad when they grow up. Soon

they will go away to other homes.

Write have / has / do / does in the spaces

Su Lin lives with her parents and her grandparents. She …… no brothers or sisters.

She …… the housework with her mother. Her grandparents ……. the cooking, and

her father works in the fields. Su Lin wants to be a vet. She studies very hard and

she always …… her homework. She spends all her free time with the animals at

home and on the farm. The kittens ……. very sharp teeth.

They bite everything, including Su Lin! Su Lin will soon ……… new babies to play

with because the pig is going to …….. piglets in six weeks time.

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GRAMMAR SHEET 6

I can / Can you?

1. I can drive a car. Can you drive a car? Yes, I can. 2. I can sing. Can you sing?

3. I can ride a horse. Can you ride a horse? 4. I can swim. Can you swim? 5. I can win a race. Can you win a race? 6. I can paint pictures. Can you paint pictures? 7. I can read and write. Can you read and write?

Yes, I can. 8. I can play the piano. Can you play the piano?

9. I can use a computer. Can you use a computer?

No, I can’t.

10. I can speak English. Can you speak English? No, I can’t.

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GRAMMAR SHEET 20

Questions

Your name is Sam. You are from London. You like living in London. Ask: what? where? why?

What is your name? Where are you from? Why do you like living in London?

Make questions using ‘do you?’ and ‘did you?’ OR Verb ‘to be’ questions (eg: you are ⇒ are you?) Make questions from these notes, changing the verb form to be correct. Then interview someone in your class. Find out as much about them as you can. Examples : what / your / name? > What's your name? where / you / from? > Where do you come from? or Where are you from? 1 what / your / name? 2 where / you / from? 3 where / you / live? 4 what work / you / do? 5 what / you / do / free time? 6 what / you / like / watch / on TV? 7 you / married? 8 you / have / children? 9 where / your children / go to school? 10 your children / speak / English? 11 what / you / find difficult / English? 12 you speak / other languages? 13 what / your favourite food? Ask other questions:

14 ................................................................... ? 15 .................................................................... ?

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C o m m u n i t y E S O L L e s s o n M a t e r i a l s f o r T e a c h i n g P u r p o s e s O N L Y

GRAMMAR SHEET 7

Walk / Don’t walk

Run! Hurry!

Don’t enter! Don’t come in!

Be careful! Don’t fall!

Sit! Stay! Don’t move!

Slow down! Don’t spill it!

Stop! Don’t go!

What should I do? Go shopping. Yes / No … Go shopping / Don’t go shopping …… Go to the cinema. Yes / No ………………………………………………………………… Play tennis. Yes / No ………………………………………………………………… Read a book. Yes / No ………………………………………………………………… Stay in bed. Yes / No ………………………………………………………………… Do the washing. Yes / No ………………………………………………………………… Cook dinner. Yes / No ………………………………………………………………… Do the housework. Yes / No ………………………………………………………………… Have a snack. Yes / No ………………………………………………………………… Make a phone call. Yes / No ………………………………………………………………… Meet my friends. Yes / No …………………………………………………………………

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C o m m u n i t y E S O L L e s s o n M a t e r i a l s f o r T e a c h i n g P u r p o s e s O N L Y

GRAMMAR SHEET 21

First, then, next

First, I boil the kettle. Then I put some tea into the teapot. Next I pour boiling water into the teapot. After 3 minutes the tea is ready. I pour it into a cup and add milk and sugar. Then I drink it.

How do you make a cup of tea?

___________________________________________________________________________ First then next finally How do you wash the car? ________________________________________________________________________________ (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)

How can I get to the station?

Put the instructions in order below by using the pictures to number them.

….. Just after the bank there’s a market where they sell clothes. ….. Go down the High Street, past the shops. ….. You will see the station opposite the market place. ….. Go straight ahead until you reach the pet shop on the corner. ….. At the traffic lights turn right and you will see a bank on your right. ….. Turn left at the pet shop onto the High Street. To get to the station… First ………….………………………………………………………………………………. Then ………………………………………………………………………………………… Next, …………………………………………………………………………………………. ………………………………………………………………………………………………….. ………………………………………………………………………………………………….. Finally, ……..……………………………………………………………………………….. ___________________________________________________________________________ How can I get a job?

First ………………....

Then ………………...

Next …………………

Finally ………………

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C o m m u n i t y E S O L L e s s o n M a t e r i a l s f o r T e a c h i n g P u r p o s e s O N L Y

GRAMMAR SHEET 8

am / is / are working

I’m working /He’s working /She’s working /We’re working /You’re working /They’re working

I am he is she is we are you are they are

What are you doing? What i h doing? What is she doing? What a e they doing? s e r________________________________________________________________________________ read to the children drive a bus play the violin paint a picture play the trumpet mend a car ride a bicycle make a dress cut down a tree look at a ring read a newspaper dance go to school carry bags ride an elephant wait for a bus listen to a story sweep the floor wash the car read a book

15. ……………… 16. …………………. 17. ………………… 18. ……………… 19. ………...

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C o m m u n i t y E S O L L e s s o n M a t e r i a l s f o r T e a c h i n g P u r p o s e s O N L Y

GRAMMAR SHEET 22

I / me / my / mine

I have an igloo. My igloo belongs to me. It’s mine.

She has an igloo.

He has an igloo. Her igloo belongs to her.

His igloo belongs to him. It’s his. It’s hers. We have an igloo. Our igloo belongs to us. It’s ours. You have an igloo. They have an igloo.

Your igloo belongs to you. Their igloo belongs to them.

It’s yours. It’s theirs.

I me my mine we us our ours he him his his you you your yours she her her hers they them their theirs

This is …….. house. He lives here. She married him. He’s ……. husband. This is …….. house. She lives here. You married him. He’s …… husband. This is …….. house. We live here. He married her. She’s …….. wife. This is …….. house. You live here. He married you. You’re ……. wife. This is …….. house. They live here. I married her. She’s ……… wife.

She beat me. I didn’t beat …….. . Give it to him! It’s …………! I beat him. He didn’t beat …….. . Give it to her! It’s ………….! They beat you. You didn’t beat …….. . Give it to us! It’s ………….! You beat her. …….. didn’t beat you . Give it to them! It’s ………….!

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GRAMMAR SHEET 9

I like / I don’t like

☺ I like cooking I don’t like cooking ☺ I like running I don’t like running ☺ I like reading I don’t like reading

☺ I like watching TV I don’t like

watching TV

read run watch TV

fly clean swim

Do you like …. ?

Do you like drinking tea? Do you like cleaning windows?

Do you like doing the washing? Do you like playing tennis? Do you like studying?

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GRAMMAR SHEET 23

Possessives

Ann is Tom’s wife. Tom is Ann’s husband. Jack is Tom’s father. Tom is Jack’s son.

Sheena is Tom’s mother. Danny is Tom’s brother. Sally is Tom’s sister. Sally is Paul’s wife.

Tom’s family tree

Jack and Sheena

Tom (and Ann) Sally (and Paul) Danny Jimmy Jenny David

a) Make sentences about the family using these words:

father, mother, son, daughter, brother, sister, husband, wife

1) Jenny 2) David 3) Jimmy 4) Sally 5) Paul 6) Ann eg: Jenny is David’s sister, Jenny is Sally’s daughter.

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Jack is Ann’s father-in-law. Sheena is Ann’s mother-in-law.

Sally is Ann’s sister-in-law. Danny is Ann’s brother-in-law.

Ann is Jack’s daughter-in-law. Paul is Jack’s son-in-law.

b) Make sentences about all the family using these words:

father-in-law, mother-in-law, son-in-law, daughter-in-law,

brother-in-law, sister-in-law

1) Danny 2) Tom 3) Paul 4) Sheena 5) Jack eg: Danny is Ann’s brother-in-law

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Danny is Jimmy’s uncle. Sally is Jimmy’s aunt. Jimmy is Danny’s nephew. Jenny is Danny’s niece. David is Jimmy’s cousin. Jack is Jimmy’s grandfather. Sheena is Jimmy’s grandmother. c) Make sentences about all the family using these words:

grandmother, grandfather, uncle, aunt, nephew, niece, cousin

1) Danny 2) Jenny 3) David 4) Sheena 5) Jimmy 6) Jack eg: Danny is Ann’s brother-in-law

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Verbs: To be + adjective

‘am’ / ‘is’ / ‘are’

It is fast

He is small He is tall They are happy

am I am (I’m) is it is (it’s) are we are (we’re) he is (he’s) you are (you’re) she is (she’s) they are (they’re) opposite: I am not (I’m not) it is not (it isn’t / it’s not) we are not (we aren’t /we’re not)

he is not (he isn’t/he’s not) you are not (you aren’t/you’re not) she is not (she isn’t/she’s not) they are not (they aren’t/they’re not)

Choose am / is / are for the missing words :

The cat ……….. happy. The girl ……….. clever. The dogs …………. hungry. It ……….. not sad. She …………. not stupid. They ………….. not happy.

The men ……….. bored. The man and woman ………. in love. The boy ……… rich. They ……………… cold. They ……………………. ugly. He …………… poor. And you? I am ………. . I ……… not ………. . We ………. . We ………… not …………

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GRAMMAR SHEET 24

Countable / Uncountable Recipe for Spiced Biscuits

Things which are countable: Things which are uncountable: mixing bowls flour sieves butter eggs brown sugar rolling pins salt pastry cutters mixed spice balls dough baking trays icing sugar

‘a’ is missing. Add ‘a’ before the countable words:

Make sure you have all the ingredients before you start. For this recipe you need …a… flour, …… butter, …… brown sugar, …… small egg, …… mixed spice, …… salt and …… icing sugar. First you should get all the cooking utensils you’re going need, like …… mixing bowl, …… sieve, …… pastry cutter and …… rolling pin. You will need to beat the egg and measure the flour, the butter and the brown sugar before you start. Switch on the oven so that it can be getting hot; you should heat it to 190°C / Gas mark 5. Prepare …… baking tray by greasing it with a little butter or oil.

Ingredients: 250g plain flour

125g butter 125g brown sugar 1 small beaten egg

2 teaspoons mixed spice a pinch of salt

Method: 1. In …… large mixing bowl, beat together the butter and the sugar until fluffy. 2. Beat in the egg little by little. 3. Sift in the flour, salt and spice, and mix everything together well. 4. Make it into …… ball of dough. 5. Sprinkle some flour onto …… clean work surface, and onto …… rolling pin. 6. Roll out the dough until it is about ½cm thick. 7. Cut the dough into biscuit shapes, using …… pastry cutter. 8. Use the odd pieces of dough which are left by making them into another ball. 9. Roll it out again and make more biscuits. 10. Put the biscuits on …… greased baking tray and bake them in the oven for about 15

minutes. 11. Take them out when they are light brown, and put them on …… wire rack to cool. 12. Decorate them with …… icing sugar by sprinkling it through …… sieve.

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I walk slowly, I run fast

___________________________________________________________________________ How do you speak? I speak slowly. / I speak fast. / I speak happily.

I speak very, very fast. I speak so fast that no-one ever listens! I speak very fast, but I don’t say anything

I … s p e a k ….. s l o w l y

loudly quietly gently very well not very well beautifully

___________________________________________________________________________ When do you wash? I wash every day. / I’m washing now. / I never wash.

in the morning at the weekend four times a week at 7am after dinner

___________________________________________________________________________ Where do you buy fruit? I buy it here. / I buy it there. / I buy it anywhere. ___________________________________________________________________________

Anywhere.... there, I buy it here

at the market at the greengrocer’s at the supermarket near my home far away

How do you do the housework? …………………………………………………………..……. When do you go shopping? …………………………………………………………...……. Where do you speak English? ………………………………………………………………… How do you write? (neatly / messily) …………………………………………………………

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4 chickens a chicken, chicken, chickens a chicken

chicken

This is a chicken. I had some chicken for lunch. Here are some chickens.

orange juice The carton is empty. There is / are no more orange juice.

This orange is / are very juicy.

1 orange

There is / are some oranges in the fridge. 4 oranges

Which do you prefer? Red or green apple / apples?

6 apples apple pie

There is / are not enough apple in the pie. 1 apple

He was sitting under the tree when apple / an apple fell on his head.

a / an countable AND uncountable countable / uncountable …… banana fish nuts milk …… orange cake biscuits bread …… lemon potato beans salt …… aubergine chocolate grapes beef …… carrot onion sweets sugar …… mushroom yoghurt bread rolls rice …… egg chilli crisps garlic ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Do you need to add ‘a’? FISH I had ..… fish for dinner. I went fishing and I caught …. fish.

CAKE I baked …. cake for his birthday. I’ve eaten too much …. cake.

YOGHURT I use …. yoghurt instead of cream. I opened … yoghurt and ate it.

CHOCOLATE Please, have …. chocolate from my box. No, thanks. I can’t eat ……………

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GRAMMAR SHEET 12

Prepositions: over, under, on, in, between, to, from, up, down

1. Jump over

2. Go under

3. Sit on

4. Put in

5. Hang between

6. Fly from London Airport. 7. Fly to America.

to

b e t w e e n

between

from

over

under

oonn

in

8. Climb up

up

down

9. Fall down

������������������������������������������������������������

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Some / Any

Do we need any eggs? No, we don’t need any. We’ve got some eggs.

Do we need any eggs? Yes, we need some. We haven’t got any.

Do we need any salt? Yes, we need some. We haven’t got any salt.

Do we need any salt? No, we don’t need any because we’ve got some.

Use “some” for YES, “any” for NO (not). Use “any” for questions ( ? ).

Have we got …… bread? Yes, we’ve got ……. . We don’t need …….. bread.

Have we got ……. bread? No, we haven’t got ……., so we need ……. .

Have we got ……. chillies? Yes, we’ve got ……., so we don’t need ……. .

Have we got ……. chillies? No, we haven’t got ……. . We need ……. chillies.

How much …? / How many ….?

How much salt do we need? How many eggs do we need? How much bread do we need? How many chillies do we need? How much orange juice do we need? How many cakes do we need?

“much” for things we cannot count / “many” for things we can count like : water, meat, bread, strength, fun, work like : cups, plates, pies, bread rolls, jobs So much / So many Not much / Not many So ………. socks on the washing line Not ………. rice in the bowl So ………. trouble at my mother-in-law’s house Not ………. apples on the tree So ………. mess in the kitchen Not ………. programmes on TV So ………. cars on the road Not ………. oil for frying So ………. rubbish on TV Not ………. time to study

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Prepositions

The book is on the table ….. on the floor ….. on the shelf …..

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GRAMMAR SHEET 27

Sentence Structure

ADD: a person; very; today; not; examples: I am a happy person. She is not very happy. I am very happy today.

I am happy.

You are happy.

She is happy. ________________________________________________________________________________

ADD: outside; very; today; not;

It is cold. ________________________________________________________________________________

ADD: a girl; very; young; English;

She is beautiful. ________________________________________________________________________________

ADD: cakes; chocolate; with nuts;

They are delicious. ________________________________________________________________________________

CHOOSE ADD an adjective: a noun: happy a person cold He is a girl very young She is a day delicious It is a cake not chocolate a student English beautiful ________________________________________________________________________________ ADD: not; in the morning; after 10.30am; on Mondays;

We are at home. ________________________________________________________________________________ ADD: students; young; from a school in London;

They are Chinese.

We are English.

You are American.

________________________________________________________________________________

JOIN TOGETHER:

1. They are American tourists. They are very clever. 2. She is a young girl. She is very beautiful. 3. He is a student. He is not very happy today.

They live in London. 4. They are English students. They are visiting Hong Kong.

They go to school in Hillingdon.

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GRAMMAR SHEET 14

Verbs: have / have got

‘have got’ (I have got = I’ve got, he has got = he’s got, we have got = we’ve got)

} It means the same thing. 1. We can say: I have something

Or: I’ve got something For example:

I have a headache. = I've got a headache. He has a big nose. = He's got a big nose. The house has a beautiful garden. = The house has got a beautiful garden. We have enough money to live on. = We've got enough money to live on. Do you have any brothers or sisters? = Have you got any brothers or sisters?

‘have’

2. When we do something again and again, we must use ‘have’ (NOT : have got) For example: I've got toothache. / I often have toothache.

3. We must use ‘have’ for these expressions:

to have lunch / coffee / a snack to have a bath / a rest / a dream to have a day off / a bad day to have a chat / a conversation / a fight to have a swim / a game of tennis to have a try / a go In these expressions:

‘have got’ cannot be used the short forms "I've", "he's", “she’s”, “we've", “you’ve”, “they’ve” cannot be used questions are made using "Do /did you have?" or “Have you had?”

4. We prefer to use ‘had’ for the past ( NOT : had got)

For example: He had a big nose. (NOT : He had got a big nose.)

Here are some sentences with the verb ‘to have’.

Write out the sentence using ‘have got’ if it’s correct. 1. We have a new car. We ……………...………………..…………………………………….

2. He often has a new car. ……..…………………………………………………………………..

3. She has a stomach ache. ……..…………………………………………………………………..

4. I have coffee at 11 o’clock. …..……………………………………………………………..

5. Let’s have a go! ……..…………………………………………………………………..

6. You had more money then. …..……………………………………………………………..