Grammar and usage
-
Upload
kendall-tyson -
Category
Documents
-
view
80 -
download
13
description
Transcript of Grammar and usage
Grammar and usage
Discussion
1.What are they wearing?2. Can you describe the team using attributives?
1.the red team
2. the team in red
3. The team who are wearing red are working.
Attributives
Attributive clause
Question: Which is an attributive clause?
1.the red team
2. the team in red
3. The team who are wearing red are working.
prepositional phrase
attributive clause
adjective
Introduction
An attributive clause modifies a noun
in the same way that an adjective or
prepositional phrase does. The noun
it modifies is called an antecedent.
eg. The team who are wearing red are working.先行词
Relatives
The attributive clauses are usually introduced by relatives pronouns like which, that, who, whom , as and whose, or relative adverbs like where, why and when.eg. The team who are wearing red are working.
In the attributive clauses the relative
words usually function as the:
subject, object, predicative, attribute,
adverbial
Functions
eg. The team who are wearing red are working. subject
代替先行词在从句中作成分
1.The boy is Tom. The boy has a round ace.
2. The teacher will give us a talk. We met the teacher yesterday.
3. I know the boy. His father is a doctor.
The boy who has a round face is Tom.subject
object The teacher (whom) we met yesterday will give us a talk.
I know the boy whose father is a doctor.attribute
4.Jack used to be a lazy boy. He is no longer a lazy boy.
Jack is no longer the lazy boy that he used to be.
5.The school is beautiful. He studied in
the school.
predicative
adverbial The school where he studied is beautiful.
in which
关系代词 that, which, who,
whom 和 whose 的用法
1.The boy who/that sits behind me is very naughty.
2.We know the girl (whom/that) you saw just now.
3. The book which/that is about music is good.
4. I also like the book (which/ that) you bought yesterday.
5.They visited the writer whose books arer very popular.
6. They live in the house whose roof is blue.
They visited the writer the books of whom are very popular. of whom the books
They live in the house the roof of which is blue. of which the roof
人
主语 宾语
物
定语
who/that who/that/whom/ \
whose=of whom the +n
which/that which/that/ \
whose=ofwhich the + n
PracticePractice
1.The man _________stands there is Tom.
2.The girl _______________I met is Ms Li.
3.The boy ________watch was lost is Tom.
4.The book _________lies on the desk is his.
5.The pen ___________you bought is good.
6.The magazine ________cover is red is
nice.
who / that
(whom /who/ that)
whose
which/that
(which / that)
whose
关系代词的特殊用法
I. that 和 which
以下情况,引导词用 that ,不用 which 。1. 先行词为不定代词 everything , som
ething, nothing, anything 或由 few, littl
e , much , all , only, the very 等修饰时,常用关系代词 that 来引导定语从句。如:
They go to the newspaper’s own librar
y to look up any information that they
need.
他们到报社的图书馆去查找他们所需要的资料。This is the very book that I have been l
ooking for.
这正是我在寻找的书。
The only thing that matters is to find o
ur way home.
惟一要紧的事是找到回家的路。注意:当先行词指人时,偶尔也可用关系代词 who 。 如:I was the only person in my office who
was invited.
我是我们办公室唯一被邀请的人。
2. 先行词前有形容词最高级、序数词修饰时,用关系代词 that 引导定语从句。如:The first thing that we should do is to wo
rk out a plan.
我们应该做的第一件事是订个计划。 Newton was one of the greatest men that
ever lived.
牛顿是世界上最伟大的人物之一。
3. 先行词同时指人和物时,用 that 。如:We talked about the things and persons t
hat we saw then.
我们谈论了我们当时所见的人和事物。 Look at the man and his donkey that are
walking up the street.
瞧瞧那个沿街走过来的男人和他的驴子。
4. 当先行词前面有 who, which 等疑问代词时用 that 。如:Which is the dictionary that you want?
哪本是你要的字典? Who is the man that is standing by the
door?
站在门旁边的那个男人是谁?
Practice
1.This is the best film _______I’ve seen.2.That is the last lesson ______I gave you.
3.This is the very book ______I’m after.4.That is just the coat ______color is red.
5.That is the right place ______he works.6. I still remember the schools and boys
______I met there.
(that)(that)
(that)
whosewhere
(that)
7. Everything ______you said is true. 8. Which is the book _____you want? 9. Who is the girl ______sits there.10. All _____he said is true.11. All _____is said by him is true.12. Are there any problems ____trouble you?13. I will make full use of the time ____________ is left for me.
(that)(that)
that(that)that
that
that/which
as 作为关系代词还可用于 the same…
as 和 such…as 等结构中。如:I’ve never heard such stories as he tell
s.
我从未听过他讲的故事。 This is the same dictionary as I l
ost. 这本字典跟我丢失的一样。
Attention
1. Such boys ____you mentioned are good.2. The boys ____ ____you mentioned are good.3. It is so difficult a problem ___no one can work out.4. It is so difficult a problem_____no one can work it out.5. She wore the same hat ____you wore yesterday.
Practice
that
such as
as
as
as
6. You have made the same mistake _____you made last time..7. I had the same experience _________you have now. 8.She went to the same place ______she saw the key. 9. Those ____are present are well. 10. Is this the factory _____________he visited? 11. Is this factory ___________he visited?
that/asthat/as
where
who
the one
(which/ that)
12. This is the room____________ LuXun lived in. 13. This is the room in __ LuXun lived.
(which/that)
which
14. I know the girl _______________ he is talking to.
15. I know the girl to _______ he is talking.
(whom/who/that)
whom
16. Please tell me the way _____________ I can improve my English.
(in which/ that)
17.He is one of the boys who ______ present at the meeting now. (be)18.He is the only one of them who ______present at the meeting now. 19.He is the one of them who ______present at the meeting.
are
is
is
Exercises for The Attributive Clause
1.Tom was the first boy ______ when I got thereA. who talked me B. who I talked
C.I talked to D. whom I talked2. Mr. Smith is the only one of the foreigners ____ working in our school now . A. who are B .who is C. whom is D. whom are
3. Who is the man ____ shook hands with you just now ? A. who B. that C. which D. whom4. You are the only person ____ I’ve met ____ could do it . A. who , / B. / ,whom C. whom , / D. / , who
5. He is not the man ____ he used to be .6. He is no longer ____ he used to be . A. who B. whom C. that D. what
CD
7. The Great Wall is just the place ( the very place ) ____ I want to visit for many years . A. which B. where C. that D. what8. The school ____ we will visit next week is not far from here . A. where B. what C. which D. in which9. Is this factory ____ you visited yesterday . A. which B. that C. where D. the one10. Is this the factory ____ you worked last year . A. which B. in which C. that D. the one
20. Don’t talk about _____ things _____ you don’t understand . A. such , that B. such , which C. such , as D. so , as21. My hometown is no longer the same _____ it used to be . A. like B. that C. as D. which22. She is no longer the girl __ she was ten years ago . A. which B. who C. that D. when23. You can take any seat ____ is free . A. in which B. that C. where D. which24. Who is the man ___ will give us a speech this afternoon ? A. that B. who C. which D. whom25. Which is the book ____ you bought yesterday ?
A. that B. which C. whose D. of which
26. She was so angry at all _____ he was doing ___ she walked out and said nothing . A . that , that B. what , that C. what , as D. that , which
27. I feel the way _____ I’ve been treated. A. when B. that C. how D. where
用 which 不用 that 的情况:1)介词提到关系代词前时This is the room in __ LuXun lived.The book the cover of __ is red is Tom’s.2)非限制性定语从句中He has a daughter , __ works in a bank.3)先行词是 that 时The clock is that __ tells the time.4. whose( 在从句中作定语 ) = of which / of whomJack lives in the room __ window faces south.Jack lives in the room ___ the window faces south.The girl __ father works in a hospital dislikes working as a doctor.
which
which
which
which
whoseof which
whose
1. There are 54 students in our class,
______ 18 are girls.
A. more than B. less than
C. in those D. of whom
2. We’ll remember those days _________
we spent together.
A. when B. in which
C. in that D. which
Exercise
3. The doctor _________ is leaving for
Africa next month.
A. the nurse is talking to him
B. whom the nurse is talking
C. the nurse is talking to
D. who the nurse is talking
4. Next month, _________ you’ll spend
in your hometown, is coming.
A. which B. that C. when D. where
5. He had a bad cold, _____he didn’t
attend the meeting.
A. because B. because of which
C. to which D. because of that
6. There is no dictionary ______ you can
find everything.
A. in it B. in which
C. where D. in that
7. Do you want to buy the same radio
_______ was shown on TV?
A. what B. which
C. as D. that
8. She was wearing the same dress
__________ she had on the day
before.
A. that B. which
C. where D. what
9. A new building will be built, _______
is reported in today’s newspaper.
A. it B. as
C. which D. that
10. All ________ is needed is a supply
of oil.
A. / B. that
C. what D. which
Homework
Talk about the picture on P10, using
attributive clauses (free talk).
Do workbook exercise C1 and C2.Do workbook exercise C1 and C2.
Preview Task.