PowerPoint ® Lecture Slides for M ICROBIOLOGY Pathogenic Gram-Positive Cocci (Streptococci)
Gram Positive Cocci
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1. Identify the 3 genera of medically important gram-positive cocci (GPC) a. Staphylococci (clusters) b. Streptococci (strips/chains) c. Enterococci 2. Describe laboratory tests to differentiate the GPC a. Catalase test to separate the staph from the strep and enterococci b. Coagulase test to separate staph aureus from sapro and epidermedis i. Aureus is positive on coagulase test 3. Identify the three most common disease-causing GPC a. Staphyloccus Aureus b. Streptococcus pyogenes c. Streptococcus pneumoniae 4. Discuss virulence factors of GPC a. Staph aureus i. Protein A ii. Coagulase iii. Hemolysins iv. Leukocidin v. Catalase vi. Penicillinase b. Staph saprophyticus i. Same as staph aureus c. Staph epidermedis i. Same as staph aureus, includes production of a slime layer (glycocalyx) d. Strep pyogenes i. Capsule ii. Cell wall 1. Lipotechoic acid 2. M-protein (antiphagocytic) iii. F protein – attaches to cells e. Strep pneumonia i. Polysaccharide capsule 1. Anti-phagocytic, 7 types cause 80-90% disease ii. Pneumolysin 1. IL-6 upregulated, damages alveoli 5. Describe the major medical syndromes caused by GPC a. Staph aureus i. Caused by aureus infection 1. Skin and soft tissue infection a. Impetigo, Cellulitis, Abscess, Wound infection 2. Bone and joint infection a. Septic arthiritis, Osteomyelitis
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bacterial classification for gram positive cocci
Transcript of Gram Positive Cocci
1. Identify the 3 genera of medically important gram-positive cocci (GPC) a. Staphylococci (clusters)b. Streptococci (strips/chains)c. Enterococci 2. Describe laboratory tests to differentiate the GPC a. Catalase test to separate the staph from the strep and enterococcib. Coagulase test to separate staph aureus from sapro and epidermedisi. Aureus is positive on coagulase test3. Identify the three most common disease-causing GPCa. Staphyloccus Aureusb. Streptococcus pyogenesc. Streptococcus pneumoniae 4. Discuss virulence factors of GPC a. Staph aureusi. Protein Aii. Coagulaseiii. Hemolysinsiv. Leukocidinv. Catalasevi. Penicillinaseb. Staph saprophyticusi. Same as staph aureusc. Staph epidermedisi. Same as staph aureus, includes production of a slime layer (glycocalyx)d. Strep pyogenesi. Capsuleii. Cell wall 1. Lipotechoic acid2. M-protein (antiphagocytic)iii. F protein attaches to cellse. Strep pneumoniai. Polysaccharide capsule1. Anti-phagocytic, 7 types cause 80-90% diseaseii. Pneumolysin1. IL-6 upregulated, damages alveoli5. Describe the major medical syndromes caused by GPC a. Staph aureusi. Caused by aureus infection1. Skin and soft tissue infectiona. Impetigo, Cellulitis, Abscess, Wound infection2. Bone and joint infectiona. Septic arthiritis, Osteomyelitis3. Pneumonia4. Bacteremia5. Endocarditisii. Caused by aureus toxins1. Scalded skin syndrome2. Staphylococcal food poisoning3. Toxic shock syndromeb. Staph epidermedis immunocompromised or indwelling medical devicesi. Bacteremia, endocarditis, infection of orthopedic stuffc. Staph saprophyticusi. UTI in young, sexually active femalesd. Strep pyogenesi. infection caused clinical syndromes1. Skin soft tissue wound infectionsa. Erysipelas, cellulitis, necrotizing fasciitis2. Streptococcal pharyngitis (strep throat)3. Pneumonia4. Puerpereal fever5. Bacteremiaii. Toxin caused clinical syndromes1. Scarlet fever2. Streptococcal toxic shock syndromeiii. Non suppurative sequelae to infection1. Acute rheumatic fever2. Acute glomerulonephritise. Strep agalactiaei. UTI in pregnant womenii. Neonatal: septicemia, meningitis, pneumoniaiii. Local and systemic infections in immunocompromised adultsf. Viridian streptococcii. Localized infections abscessesg. Strep pneumoniai. Pneumoniaii. Otitis mediaiii. Sinusitisiv. Meningitisv. Bacteremiah. Enterococcii. UTIii. Endocarditis (infection of heart valve)iii. Peritonitis (infection of lining of abdomen due to perforation of bowel)
