Grainger CEME/IEEE Workshop on Technology Roadmap for Large...

April 5-6, 2016Urbana, IL

James D. Heidmann, PhDActing Manager, Advanced Air Transport Technology (AATT) Project

NASA Glenn Research Center

Government Panel on Extreme Electrical Machines and Drives -

A NASA Aeronautics View

Grainger CEME/IEEE Workshop on Technology Roadmap for Large Electrical Machines

NASA Aeronautics Research Six Strategic Thrusts

2

Safe, Efficient Growth in Global Operations• Enable full NextGen and develop technologies to substantially

reduce aircraft safety risks

Innovation in Commercial Supersonic Aircraft• Achieve a low-boom standard

Ultra-Efficient Commercial Vehicles• Pioneer technologies for big leaps in efficiency and

environmental performance

Transition to Low-Carbon Propulsion• Characterize drop-in alternative fuels and pioneer

low-carbon propulsion technology

Real-Time System-Wide Safety Assurance• Develop an integrated prototype of a real-time safety

monitoring and assurance system

Assured Autonomy for Aviation Transformation• Develop high impact aviation autonomy applications

3Aeronautics Research Mission Directorate

Aeronautics Research Mission Directorate

Advanced Air Transport Technology

(AATT)

Advanced Air Vehicles (AAVP)

Jay Dryer

Airspace OperationsAnd Safety (AOSP)John Cavolowsky

Integrated Aviation Systems (IASP)Ed Waggoner

Transformative AeronauticsConcepts (TACP)

Doug Rohn

Revolutionary VerticalLift Technology

(RVLT)

Commercial SupersonicTechnology

(CST)

Advanced Composites(ACP)

Aeronautics Evaluationand Test Capabilities

(AETC)

Airspace TechnologyDemonstrations

(ATD)

SMART NAS – Testbedfor Safe Trajectory

Operations

Safe AutonomousSystem Operations

(SASO)

EnvironmentallyResponsible

Aviation(ERA)

UAS Integrationin the NAS

Flight Demonstrationand Capabilities

(FDC)

Leading EdgeAeronautics Research

for NASA(LEARN)

Transformational Toolsand Technologies

(TTT)

Convergent AeronauticsSolutions

(CAS)

-------------------------- Mission Programs ----------------------------- Seedling Program

Coming SoonElectric content

CurrentElectric content

NASA Aeronautics Program Structure

4

Major Aviation Community “Driver”Reduce Carbon Footprint by 50% by 2050…

…in the face of increasing demand, and while reducing development, manufacturing and operational costs of aircraft & meeting noise and LTO NOx regulations

Near to mid opportunity

“Industry pull”

Mid to far opportunity

“NASA push”

Credit - IATA

Thrust 1

Thrust 3

Thrust 3

Thrust 1,Thrust 3 &Thrust 4

5Analysis based on FAA US operations data provided by Holger Pfaender of Georgia Tech

Fuel Use by Vehicle Class

40% of fuel use is in 150-210 pax large single aisle class87% of fuel use is in small single-aisle and larger classes ( >100 pax)

13% of fuel use is in regional jet and turboprop classes

Focus on small single-aisle and larger vehicle classes for

maximum community impact

Ultimate Focus on Large Aircraft


Hybrid Electric AircraftInteragency and Industry Contributions

ElectricalEnergy

Production

ElectricDistribution

EnergyStorage

IntegratedDesigns

SystemTesting&Evaluation

EndUser/Buyer

Certification

DoD ü ü ü

DOE ü ü ü

FAA ü

NASA ü ü

EngineCompanies ü ü

Airframers ü ü

Operators ü

EnergyandTransportIndustry

ü ü ü

Version: 19jan2016


Leverage Opportunities

• Leverage early adopter market opportunities to establish new certification criteria and accelerate industry technology investments.

• Leverage efforts in the Energy and Transportation sectors to improve battery and fuel cell energy density. Higher energy density in these devices may enable all electric architectures and enhance hybrid electric architectures.

• Leveraging advances in small core turbine engine technologies being developed by industry would enhance hybrid electric architectures

• Leveraging DoD’s and DARPA’s investment and knowledge in HEP for civilian and military dual use applications will allow NASA to explore a wider range of configurations.

• Leverage lessons learned from electric/hybrid aircraft propulsion efforts by Google, Facebook, and Boeing to learn how to design, build, integrate and operate vehicles


HEPTechnologyForecast(TRL6)

Exploration of Alternative Propulsion Systems

Introduction of Alternative Propulsion Systems to

Aircraft of All Sizes

Initial Introduction of Alternative Propulsion Systems

2015

2025

2035

Mature foundation technologies, architect HEP aircraft and Vert Lift vehicles, demonstrate

subsystems and integrated prototypes

Support industry in the development of HEP aircraft and Vert Lift Vehicles

Fly technology demonstrators, prototype subsystems and advanced componentsNASA

Outputs

CommunityOutcomes

CryogenicSC Elec Machines

Proof ofConcept

20hp/lb

25hp/lb

30hp/lb

Non-SCElec Machines

8hp/lb

10hp/lb

12hp/lb

>12hp/lb

Energy Storage 400wh/kg

500wh/kg

600wh/kg

700wh/kg

Fuel CellEnergy Conversion

2kW/kg

4kW/kg

5kW/kg

Power Electronics 2XSOA

5XSOA

10X SOA

Light WeightThermal Mgmt

2X Wt. Reduc

5X Wt. Reduc

10X Wt. Reduc

Leverage

Leverage

Technology Forecast

Version: 19jan2016


Timeline of Machine Power With Application to Aircraft Class

SuperconductingNon-cryogenic 100 kW 1 MW 3 MW 10 MW 30 MW

PS–01758–1115

19 Seat2 MW Total Propulsive Power


9 Seat 0.5 MW Total Propulsive Power

50-250 kW Electric Machines

.1-1 MW Electric Machines

50 Seat Turboprop 3 MW Total Propulsive Power

.3-6 MW Electric Machines


1-11 MW Electric Machines

3 -30 MW Electric Machines

Largest Electrical Machine on Aircraft

50 Seat Jet12 MW Total Propulsive Power.3-6 MW Electric Machines

Version: 19jan2016


Prove Out Transformational PotentialHybrid Electric Propulsion

Increasingly electric aircraft propulsion with minimal change to aircraft outer mold lines

Explore and demonstrate vehicle integration synergies enabled by hybrid electric propulsion

Gain experience through integration and demonstration on

progressively larger platforms

Single Aisle Transport

ModelingExplore Architectures

Test BedsComponent Improvements

Env

iron

men

tal

Ben

efit

+

2040

2030

2020Small Aircraft

Knowledge through Integration & Demonstration +

Image Credit: Joby

Image Credit: Yamaha


NASA Aeronautics Ready for Flight

2008-2013 2014/15 2016/17 2018-2026

Accomplishments and Planning

Ready for X-Plane Integration & Demonstration

N+3 Subsonic & Supersonic Concept/Technology Studies

Ground Testing of N+3 configurations and technologies

LBFD PDRCompleted

8 Integrated Tech Demos Completed, Tech transitioned to industry. HWB ready for Flight Dem/Val.

Ready for NextGen TBO Integration & Demonstration

NASA FAA NextGen Research Transition Teams (RTTs) Initiated

Technology Transitions to FAA: MSP, EDA, PDRC, TSAS

ATD-1 Completed and transferred to

FAA

ATD-2, 3 Completed & Transferred to FAA

NASA Aero Vision and Strategy Established

Roadmaps Completed

N+2 Environmentally Responsible Aviation (ERA) Project Initiated

www.nasa.gov

UEST PDRCompleted


New Aviation Horizons Flight Demo Plan

Design & Build Flight Test



Design & Build

FY17 FY18 FY19 FY20 FY21 FY22 FY23 FY24 FY25 FY26

PreliminaryDesign

“Purpose-Built” UEST Demonstrators

Hybrid Electric Propulsion Demonstrators

Fully integrated UEST Demonstrator


PreliminaryDesign

PreliminaryDesign

Design & Build Flight Test Design & Build

Flight Test

Ground TestRisk Reduction

Ground TestRisk Reduction

PotentialCandidates

Ground Test Risk ReductionFlight TestSmall Scale “Build, Fly, Learn”

Transport Scale PreliminaryDesign

Total Demonstration Cost ROM: $700M

Life Cycle Cost Est: $430M

Life Cycle Early Cost Est: $850M

Life Cycle Cost ROM: $400-500M

Life Cycle Cost ROM: $400-500M

www.nasa.gov

Images Credit: Lockheed Martin

DP

DP

DP

DP

DP

Validated ability for U.S. Industry to Build Transformative Aircraft that use 50% less energy and produce less than half of the perceived noise

Validated HEP Concepts, Technologies And Integration for U.S. Industry to Lead the Clean Propulsion Revolution

Enables Low Boom Regulatory Standard and validated ability for industry to produce and operate commercial low noise supersonic aircraft

Key opportunity for “more electric” aircraft investment

13Advanced Air Transport Technology ProjectAdvanced Air Vehicles Program

NASA Aeronautics President’s FY17 Budget Request

$Millions FY2015EnactedFY2016 FY2017 FY2018 FY2019 FY2020 FY2021 FY2022 FY2023 FY2024 FY2025 FY2026

Aeronautics $642.0 $640.0 $790.4 $846.4 $1,060.1 $1,173.3 $1,286.9 $1,294.2 $1,307.6 $1,218.1 $829.7 $839.5

AirspaceOperationsandSafety 154.0 159.4 159.2 176.2 189.1 221.5 198.7 200.9 193.2 175.5 167.8

AdvancedAirVehicles 240.6 298.6 277.4 308.8 311.6 312.6 321.3 315.0 318.9 317.7 326.7

IntegratedAviationSystems 150.0 210.0 255.4 381.4 493.0 556.7 591.5 612.2 525.0 203.8 210.6

TransformativeAeronautics Concepts 97.4 122.3 154.4 193.8 179.7 196.2 182.8 179.4 181.0 132.7 134.4

Aeronautics budget includes paid-for 10-year mandatory funding from the Administration’s 21st Century Clean Transportation Plan.

MandatoryBudgetAuthority$Millions FY2017 FY2018 FY2019 FY2020 FY2021 Outyears21st Century Clean Transportation Plan 100 200 400 500 600 1900

AirspaceOperationsandSafety 18 20 35 45 75 170AdvancedAirVehicles 30 41 79 80 65 305IntegratedAviationSystems 37 84 196 300 370 1170TransformativeAeronauticsConcepts 15 55 90 75 90 255

Low Boom Flight Demonstrator 56IntegratedAviationSystems 56

www.nasa.gov

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