Građevinski pojmovi 5
description
Transcript of Građevinski pojmovi 5
![Page 1: Građevinski pojmovi 5](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081416/563db81a550346aa9a909882/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Mali podsetnik
Objekat - Structure
Infrastruktura – Infrastructure
Roads, railways, water supply, sewerage, power supply systems
Putevi, železnice, vodovodna, kanalizaciona (ViK) i elektroenergetska mreža
![Page 2: Građevinski pojmovi 5](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081416/563db81a550346aa9a909882/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Roads
Javni putevi – Public roads
Javni putevi su dobra u opštoj upotrebi. Public roads are assets for general use. Autoput – motorway (Br), highway (Am)
Putevi sa naplatom putarine – Toll roads
Putevi bez naplate putarine - Freeways
Naplatna stanica / rampa - Toll plaza / gate
![Page 3: Građevinski pojmovi 5](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081416/563db81a550346aa9a909882/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Kategorizacija puteva - Classification of roads
Državni put I i II reda – National road, Class I, Class II
Opštinski put – Municipal road
Ulice - Streets
Magistralni put (magistrala) - Trunk road, arterial road, main road, major highway, arterial highway
Regionalni put – Regional road
Lokalni put – Local road
![Page 4: Građevinski pojmovi 5](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081416/563db81a550346aa9a909882/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Vrste puteva - Types of roads
Kružni put - Ring road
Obilaznica – Bypass road
Sabirna ulica ili put - Collector road, Distributor road
Zemljani put - Dirt road
Priključak, priključni put – Access road
Prilazna saobraćajnica (kao prilaz nekoj zgradi, hotelu, supermarketu...) - Service road, driveway
Service road – Paralelni put duž autoputa
![Page 5: Građevinski pojmovi 5](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081416/563db81a550346aa9a909882/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Projektovanje - Design
Projekat puta - Road design
Trasiranje – Routing, route location
Situacija trase – Horizontal alignment
Nivelacija trase - Vertical alignment
Zemljišni pojas – Land strip, Right-of-way
![Page 6: Građevinski pojmovi 5](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081416/563db81a550346aa9a909882/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Projektovanje - Design
Računska brzina – Design speed
Saobraćajno opterećenje – Traffic load
Obim saobraćaja - Traffic volume
Kolovozna traka, kolovoz – Carriageway
Saobraćajna traka – Traffic lane
Put sa dvostrukim kolovozom 2x2 - 2x2 road, dual carriageway road
![Page 7: Građevinski pojmovi 5](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081416/563db81a550346aa9a909882/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Projektovanje - Design
Geometrijski elementi puta – Road geometry
Širina saobraćajnih traka - Lane width
Čisti otvor ili gabarit – Clearance
Tunelski otvor (svetli profil) - Clear profile
Uzdužni profil trase - Longitudinal profile
Poprečni profili - Cross sections
![Page 8: Građevinski pojmovi 5](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081416/563db81a550346aa9a909882/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Projektovanje - DesignDeonica - Section
Prave deonice (pravci) – Tangent, straight sections
Krivine – Curves, curvatures
Minimalni poluprečnik – Minimum radius of curvature
Maksimalni, dozvoljeni, merodavni uspon – Ruling, limiting gradient
Niveleta puta – Reference level
Osa puta - Centre line
Poprečni nagib, pad kolovoza – Crossfall
Nagib u krivini, vitoperenje (žel. nadvišenje) – Superelevation
Podužni nagib, uspon ili pad – Gradient: up-gradient, down-gradient
![Page 9: Građevinski pojmovi 5](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081416/563db81a550346aa9a909882/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Geodetsko snimanje – Land surveying
Snimanje terena – Land surveying
Geodete, geometri - Surveyors
Figuranti – Rodmen, chainmen...
Letva – Rod, staffPantljika – Tape, chainNivelir – LevelStativ – TripodTeodolit – TheodoliteTahimetar - Tachymeter
![Page 10: Građevinski pojmovi 5](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081416/563db81a550346aa9a909882/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Metode snimanja - Surveying methods
- Poligonometrija - Traversing Poligon – TraversePoligona tačka - Traverse pointKontrolna tačka – Control pointPoligoni vlak – Traverse line
- Triangulacija – TriangulationOsnovica - Base line
![Page 11: Građevinski pojmovi 5](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081416/563db81a550346aa9a909882/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Obeležavanje trase – Setting out
Trasa puta – Road alignment
Obeležavanje – Setting out
Iskolčavanje - Pegging out, staking out
Kočić - Stake, Peg
![Page 12: Građevinski pojmovi 5](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081416/563db81a550346aa9a909882/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Putni objekti – Road structures
Mostovi – Bridges
Vijadukti – Viaducts
Propusti – CulvertsCevasti – Pipe culvertsPločasti – Slab culverts
Tuneli – TunnelsTunelska cev – Tunnel tube
![Page 13: Građevinski pojmovi 5](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081416/563db81a550346aa9a909882/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Izgradnja, gradnja - Construction
Zemljani radovi - Earthworks
Raščišćavanje terena – Clearing of site
Ravnanje, planiranje zemljišta – Grading of ground
Grejderi - Graders
Nasip – Embankment
Usek – Cut, Cutting
Zasek - Side cut
Pozajmište – Borrow pit
![Page 14: Građevinski pojmovi 5](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081416/563db81a550346aa9a909882/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Izgradnja, gradnja - Construction
Trup puta – Roadbed
Podtlo – Subsoil
Prirodno tlo – Natural ground
Vezni i noseći sloj – Road foundation
Posteljica – Subgrade
Planum - Formation level
Poboljšanje tla planuma (tampon) – Capping layer
![Page 15: Građevinski pojmovi 5](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081416/563db81a550346aa9a909882/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Kolovozna konstrukcija – Pavement structure
Kolovoz – Pavement
Kolovozna konstrukcija - Pavement structure
Slojevi – Courses
Elastični, savitljivi kolovoz – Flexible pavement
Kruti kolovoz – Rigid pavement
![Page 16: Građevinski pojmovi 5](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081416/563db81a550346aa9a909882/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Elastični, savitljivi kolovoz – Flexible pavement
1. Prirodni teren - Natural ground2. Posteljica – Subgrade3. Planum – Formation level4. Donji noseći sloj – Subbase
5. Gornji noseći sloj – Base course6. Kolovozni zastor – Surfacing7. Vezni sloj – Binder course8. Habajući sloj – Wearing course
![Page 17: Građevinski pojmovi 5](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081416/563db81a550346aa9a909882/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Kruti kolovoz – Rigid pavement
1. Prirodni teren - Natural ground2. Posteljica – Subgrade3. Planum – Formation level
4. Podloga – Base course5. Struktura kolovoza – Pavement structure6. Betonski zastor – Concrete slab
![Page 18: Građevinski pojmovi 5](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081416/563db81a550346aa9a909882/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Elementi puta
![Page 19: Građevinski pojmovi 5](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081416/563db81a550346aa9a909882/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Elementi putaTrotoar – Sidewalk
Pešačka staza – Footway
Prelaz za pešake - Pedestrian crossing
Biciklistička staza - Cycle track, Bicycle path
Razdelni pojas – Central reserve, median
Bankina – Shoulder
Ivična traka – Verge, Border line
Vozna traka – Speed lane
Zaustavna traka – Emergency stopping lane
Traka za preticanje – Overtaking lane
Ivičnjaci – Kerbs, Curbs
Rigola - Gutter
![Page 20: Građevinski pojmovi 5](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081416/563db81a550346aa9a909882/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Raskrsnice
Petlja (denivelisana raskrsnica) - Junction, Interchange, Multi-level junction, Grade-separated interchange, Interchange with grade separations
Raskrsnica u nivou – Level junction, At-grade intersection, Intersection
![Page 21: Građevinski pojmovi 5](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081416/563db81a550346aa9a909882/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Signalizacija
Vertikalna saobraćajna signalizacija – Traffic signs
Horizontalna saobraćajna signalizacija – Road markings
Saobraćajni znaci - Traffic signs
Portal - Gantry
Smerokazni stubići - Direction posts
Mačje oči – Reflector studs
Isprekidana linija – Broken line
Puna linija – Continuous line
![Page 22: Građevinski pojmovi 5](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081416/563db81a550346aa9a909882/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Bezbednost na putu – Road safety
Bezbednost saobraćaja – Traffic safety
Zaštitna barijera - Safety barrier
Vetrobran – Windbreak fence
Put kočenja - Braking distance
Dužina preglednosti, preglednost - Sight distance
Zaustavna dužina preglednosti - Stopping sight distance
Vidljivost – Visibility
Crna tačka – Black spot