Grade 8 - (Math&Science)

TIMSS 2011 - Grade 8 Mathematics & Science Items

Berinderjeet Kaur

28 May 2014

Grade 8Mathematics Items

Performance in TIMSS

Grade 8Mathematics

Rank

Singapore Malaysia

1995 1 --

1999 1 --

2003 1 --

2007 3 20

2011 2 26

Grade Content Domains Percentages

Eight

Number 29%

Algebra 33%

Geometry 19%

Data and Chance 19%

Cognitive DomainsPercentages

Grade 8

Knowing 36%

Applying 39%

Reasoning 25%

Percentages of G8 Students Reaching the TIMSS 2011 International Benchmarks

International Benchmarks

BandScale Score

Adv.625

High550

Int.475

Low400

Singapore 48 (2.0) 78 (1.8) 92 (1.1) 99 (0.3)

Malaysia 2 (0.4) 12 (1.5) 36 (2.4) 65 (2.5)

International Median

3 17 46 75

( ) Standard errors appear in parentheses.

Advanced International Benchmark

• reason with information, draw conclusions, make generalizations, and solve linear equations.

• solve a variety of fraction, proportion, and percent problems and justify their conclusions.

• express generalizations algebraically and model situations.

• solve a variety of problems involving equations, formulas, and functions.

• reason with geometric figures to solve problems.• reason with data from several sources or unfamiliar

representations to solve multi-step problems.

At this benchmark students can:

G8 Advanced International Benchmark Item Example 1

Country Percent Full CreditChinese Taipei 53 (2.0)

Hong Kong 47 (2.5)Singapore 45 (2.0)

Korea 44 (2.0)Massachusetts 44 (4.0)

Japan 43 (2.1)Minnesota 38 (3.1)

Finland 29 (2.0)England 29 (3.0)

International Average 23 (0.3)US 22 (1.5)

Content domain: Number

Cognitive domain: Reasoning

Description: Given two points on a number line representing

unspecified fractions, identifies the point that represents their

product

Malaysia 18 (1.4)


Content domain: Geometry


Description: Solves a word problem involving filling a three-

dimensional shape with rectangular solids

Country Percent Full CreditChinese Taipei 66 (1.8)

Hong Kong 65 (2.1)Korea 62 (2.0)

Singapore 60 (1.9)Japan 58 (1.8)

Massachusetts 49 (3.2)Minnesota 36 (3.2)

Finland 29 (2.3)US 26 (1.5)

England 26 (2.3)International Average 25 (0.3)

Malaysia 28 (2.1)


Content domain: Algebra

Cognitive domain: Knowing

Description: Solves a linear inequality

Country Percent Full CreditKorea 60 (2.3)

Chinese Taipei 52 (2.0)Singapore 44 (1.9)Minnesota 33 (3.2)

Massachusetts 33 (4.8)US 21 (1.6)

International Average 17 (0.3)Hong Kong 16 (2.0)

Japan 9 (1.2)Finland 8 (1.4)England 5 (1.3)

Malaysia 3 (0.8)

High International Benchmark

• apply their understanding and knowledge in a variety of relatively complex situations.

• use information from several sources to solve problems involving different types of numbers and operations.

• related fractions, decimals, and percents to each other.• show basic procedural knowledge related to algebraic

expressions.• use properties of lines, angles, triangles, rectangles,

and rectangular prisms to solve problems.• analyze data in a variety of graphs.


G8 High International Benchmark Item Example 1Content domain: Number


Description: Given the part and the whole, can express the part

as a percentage, and given the whole and the percentage, can find

the part

Country Percent Full CreditSingapore 89 (1.2)


Korea 76 (1.9)Hong Kong 76 (2.4)

Chinese Taipei 69 (1.7)Japan 57 (2.2)

US 54 (1.5)Finland 50 (2.4)England 48 (3.0)

International Average 37 (0.3)

Malaysia 42 (2.3)

G8 High International Benchmark Item Example 2



Description: Identifies the quantity that satisfies two inequalities

represented by balances in a problem situation

Country Percent Full CreditKorea 79 (1.6)Japan 76 (2.0)

Singapore 75 (1.7)Chinese Taipei 74 (1.6)

Finland 74 (1.9)Massachusetts 69 (2.6)

Hong Kong 68 (2.1)Minnesota 66 (3.2)

England 62 (2.8)US 57 (1.5)


Malaysia 36 (2.4)

G8 High International Benchmark Item Example 3

Content domain: Data and Chance

Cognitive domain: Applying

Description: Constructs and labels a pie chart representing a

given situation

Country Percent Full CreditKorea 85 (1.4)

Singapore 85 (1.5)Chinese Taipei 80 (1.7)

Hong Kong 76 (1.8)Japan 75 (1.7)



US 62 (1.7)International Average 47 (0.3)

Malaysia 50 (2.2)

Intermediate International Benchmark

• apply basic mathematical knowledge in a variety of situations.

• solve problems involving decimals, fractions, proportions, and percentages.

• understand simple algebraic relationships. • relate a two-dimensional drawing to a three-

dimensional object. • read, interpret, and construct graphs and tables. • recognize basic notions of likelihood.


G8 Intermediate International Benchmark Item Example 1



Description: Knows the meaning of a simple algebraic expression

involving multiplication and addition

Country Percent Full CreditHong Kong 94 (1.3)Singapore 91 (1.1)

Korea 91 (1.3)Massachusetts 91 (1.9)Chinese Taipei 90 (1.3)

Minnesota 88 (2.1)Japan 87 (1.5)

US 80 (1.2)Finland 72 (2.2)England 72 (2.8)


Malaysia 43 (2.0)


Content domain: Geometry


Description: Given a net of a three-dimensional object, completes

a two-dimensional drawing of it from a specific viewpoint

Country Percent Full CreditMassachusetts 90 (1.7)

Finland 89 (1.1)Japan 89 (1.2)

Minnesota 89 (1.7)Korea 85 (1.3)

Singapore 83 (1.4)England 82 (2.1)

US 81 (1.0)Hong Kong 77 (2.0)

Chinese Taipei 74 (1.7)International Average 58 (0.3)

Malaysia 53 (1.8)

Low International Benchmark

• have some knowledge of whole numbers and decimals, operations, and basic graphs.

At this benchmark students:

G8 Low International Benchmark Item Example 1

Content domain: Number


Description: Adds a two-place and a three-place decimal


Singapore 94 (0.8)Minnesota 93 (1.6)Hong Kong 91 (1.5)

US 89 (1.0)Chinese Taipei 89 (1.1)

Korea 87 (1.5)Japan 81 (1.6)



Malaysia 91 (1.2)




Description: Evaluates a simple algebraic expression


Korea 92 (1.0)Minnesota 92 (1.5)

Chinese Taipei 91 (1.0)Singapore 91 (1.1)

US 89 (1.0)Japan 86 (1.5)

Hong Kong 83 (1.8)Finland 78 (1.8)England 73 (2.9)


Malaysia 47 (2.1)

Grade 8Science Items

Performance in TIMSS

G8Science

Rank

Singapore Malaysia

1995 1 --

1999 2 --

2003 1 --

2007 1 --

2011 1 32

Grade Content Domains Percentages

Eight

Biology 37%

Chemistry 20%

Physics 25%

Earth Science 18%

Cognitive DomainsPercentages

Grade 8

Knowing 35%

Applying 35%

Reasoning 30%

Percentages of G8 Students Reaching the TIMSS 2011 International Benchmarks

International Benchmarks

BandScale Score

Adv.625

High550

Int.475

Low400

Singapore 40 (1.7) 69 (2.0) 87 (1.6) 96 (0.7)

Malaysia 1 (0.4) 11 (1.4) 34 (2.4) 62 (2.6)

International Median

4 21 52 79

( ) Standard errors appear in parentheses.

Advanced International Benchmark

• communicate an understanding of complex and abstract concepts in biology, chemistry, physics, and earth science.

• demonstrate some conceptual knowledge about cells and the characteristics, classification, and life processes of organisms.

• communicate an understanding of the complexity of ecosystems and adaptations of organisms, and apply an understanding of life cycles and heredity.

• communicate an understanding of the structure of matter and physical and chemical properties and changes and apply knowledge of forces, pressure, motion, sound, and light.


Advanced International Benchmark (Cont’)

• reason about electrical circuits and properties of magnets.

• apply knowledge and communicate understanding of the solar system and Earth’s processes, structures, and physical features.

• understand basic features of scientific investigation.• combine information from several sources to solve

problems and draw conclusions, and they provide written explanations to communicate scientific knowledge.



Content domain: Chemistry


Description: Describes two things that might be observed as a

chemical reaction takes placeCountry Percent Full CreditEngland 59 (2.6)

Minnesota 53 (2.6)Massachusetts 52 (3.4)

US 46 (1.5)Singapore 44 (1.9)

Chinese Taipei 44 (2.0)Finland 36 (2.3)


International Average 24 (0.3)Korea 23 (1.6)

Malaysia 10 (1.2)


Content domain: Physics


Description: Recognizes that the force of gravity acts on a person

regardless of position and movementCountry Percent Full Credit

Korea 63 (2.0)Finland 59 (2.1)Japan 49 (2.1)

Minnesota 49 (3.7)Singapore 45 (1.7)England 43 (2.9)


Hong Kong 36 (2.3)Chinese Taipei 35 (2.0)


Malaysia 16 (1.4)


Content domain: Earth Science


Description: States what fossil evidence would support the idea

that two continents were once joinedCountry Percent Full Credit


Japan 43 (2.2)US 37 (1.7)

Chinese Taipei 32 (2.1)Korea 28 (1.8)

England 28 (2.8)Singapore 22 (1.6)Hong Kong 19 (2.2)

International Average 18 (0.3)Finland 18 (1.6)

Malaysia 5 (0.7)

High International Benchmark


• apply their knowledge and understanding of the sciences to explain phenomena in everyday and abstract contexts.

• demonstrate some understanding of plant and animal structure, life processes, life cycles, and reproduction.

• demonstrate some understanding of ecosystems and organisms' interactions with their environment, including understanding of human responses to outside conditions and activities.

• demonstrate understanding of some properties of matter, electricity and energy, and magnetic and gravitational forces and motion.

High international Benchmark (Cont’)


• show some knowledge of the solar system, and of Earth’s physical characteristics, processes, and resources.

• demonstrate elementary knowledge and skills related to scientific inquiry.

• compare, contrast, and make simple inferences, and provide brief descriptive responses combining knowledge of science concepts with information from both everyday and abstract contexts.

G8 High International Benchmark Item Example 1Content domain: Chemistry


Description: Identifies a property of metals and describe how this

property can be used to determine whether an unknown substance

is a metal or nonmetal Country Percent Full CreditJapan 72 (2.4)

Massachusetts 65 (2.7)Singapore 64 (2.0)England 61 (2.9)

Chinese Taipei 56 (2.5)Hong Kong 52 (2.5)Minnesota 50 (3.4)

US 48 (1.4)Finland 44 (2.6)

International Average 35 (0.3)Korea 31 (1.6)

Malaysia 18 (2.0)

G8 High International Benchmark Item Example 2Content domain: Physics


Description: Recognizes what happens to molecules of a liquid as

the liquid coolsCountry Percent Full Credit

Massachusetts 86 (2.2)Korea 82 (1.4)

Minnesota 79 (2.7)US 73 (1.5)

Singapore 73 (1.8)Finland 73 (2.0)England 65 (2.3)

International Average 58 (0.3)Chinese Taipei 56 (1.9)


Malaysia 53 (2.2)

G8 High International Benchmark Item Example 3Content domain: Earth Science


Description: Interprets a contour map to recognize a

topographical representation of a mountain topCountry Percent Full CreditFinland 84 (1.4)

Massachusetts 82 (2.5)Chinese Taipei 81 (1.7)

Minnesota 70 (2.9)Singapore 68 (2.2)Hong Kong 64 (2.5)

Korea 60 (2.1)US 59 (2.0)

England 56 (2.8)Japan 52 (2.2)


Malaysia 27 (1.8)

Intermediate International Benchmark

• recognize and apply their understanding of basic scientific knowledge in various contexts.

• can apply knowledge and communicate an understanding of human health, life cycles, adaptation, and heredity, and analyze information about ecosystems.

• have some knowledge of chemistry in everyday life and elementary knowledge of properties of solutions and the concept of concentration.

• are acquainted with some aspects of force, motion, and energy.


Intermediate International Benchmark (Cont’)

• demonstrate an understanding of Earth’s processes and physical features, including the water cycle and atmosphere.

• interpret information from tables, graphs, and pictorial diagrams and draw conclusions.

• apply knowledge to practical situations and communicate their understanding through brief descriptive responses.


G8 Intermediate International Benchmark Item Example 1Content domain: Biology


Description: Interprets a graph showing changes in pulse rates

before, during, and after exercise and recognizes what can be

concluded from the graphCountry Percent Full Credit

Japan 82 (1.7)Korea 80 (1.6)

Finland 80 (1.9)Minnesota 79 (2.5)

Massachusetts 77 (2.8)Singapore 75 (1.6)

US 73 (1.2)England 69 (2.6)

Chinese Taipei 64 (2.0)Hong Kong 60 (2.3)


Malaysia 60 (1.8)


Content domain: Earth Science


Description: Given a starting point, orders the processes involved

in the water cycle Country Percent Full CreditFinland 92 (1.2)

Hong Kong 85 (1.6)Singapore 83 (1.5)

Chinese Taipei 82 (1.6)Korea 81 (1.6)

Minnesota 79 (2.5)England 79 (2.5)


Japan 71 (2.2)International Average 63 (0.3)

Malaysia 49 (2.2)

Low International Benchmark

• can recognize some basic facts from the life and physical sciences.

• have some knowledge of biology, and demonstrate some familiarity with physical phenomena.

• can interpret simple pictorial diagrams, complete simple tables, and apply basic knowledge to practical situations.

At this benchmark students:


Content domain: Biology


Description: Recognizes that genetic material is inherited from

both parents Country Percent Full CreditJapan 95 (0.9)

Massachusetts 95 (1.3)Finland 94 (1.0)

Minnesota 94 (1.1)Korea 93 (0.9)

Singapore 92 (1.0)US 90 (0.8)

Chinese Taipei 89 (1.2)International Average 83 (0.2)

Hong Kong 88 (1.5)England 88 (1.7)

Malaysia 69 (1.7)


Content domain: Chemistry


Description: Recognizes the chemical formula of carbon dioxideCountry Percent Full Credit

Japan 99 (0.3)Chinese Taipei 98 (0.5)

Minnesota 93 (1.7)England 92 (1.3)

Singapore 91 (1.1)Korea 90 (1.4)

Hong Kong 89 (1.6)Massachusetts 89 (2.4)

US 86 (1.1)International Average 85 (0.2)

Finland 81 (1.9)

Malaysia 67 (1.9)

Thank You

Grade 8 - (Math&Science)

Documents

Transcript of Grade 8 - (Math&Science)