Grade 7 Science Unit 4: The Earth’s Crust
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Transcript of Grade 7 Science Unit 4: The Earth’s Crust
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The shaking of the Earth Measured using a seismograph
The Richter Scale measures the strength of the earthquake
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They are the result of energy released from forces built up due to plate tectonics in Earth’s crust
When this energy is released, it travels in seismic waves.
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Usually minor in our region. They occur due to the movement along local faults on the floor of the Atlantic Ocean.
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Burin Peninsula, 1929, tsunami (pg. 374)
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An opening in Earth’s crust.
Mt. St. HelensMay 18, 1980Washington
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ParicutinFebruary 20,
1943Mexico
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Mt. PinatuboJune 1991Philippians
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KilaueaNovember 24, 2007
Hawaii
The most active volcano on Earth
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1. At collision zones intense pressure can melt rock that later flows to the surface as a volcano (the Pacific Ocean is being subducted under Japan)
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2. Where plates separate, molten rock flows up to the surface (Mid-Atlantic Ridge)
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3. In area where the plates are thin, lava can be forced up through the cracks to the surface. (Hawaiian Islands)
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The name given to the volcanoes encircling the Pacific Ocean.
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2. Glooscap: Mi’kmaq legend about the Sugarloaf Mountains.
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1. Pele: Hawaiian goddess who makes the mountains shake and lava flow at Kilauea.
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3. Anaxagoras: Greek who believed that volcanic eruptions were caused by great winds within the earth.
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4. René Decartes: French philosopher who believed an incandescent earth core was the source of volcanic heat.
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Due to: 1. folding2. faulting 3. volcanic eruptions.
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A bend in rock layers. Created when plates collide at convergent boundaries.
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A break in rock layers. When the rock is too brittle to fold.
Faulting can result from squeezing or stretching the Earth’s crust.
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When magma is forced up by pressure from deep within Earth, it can uplift the rock and create features on the surface. The magma may erupt as volcanoes.
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