GPS, Why, What and How
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Transcript of GPS, Why, What and How
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GPS, Why, What and How
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Where am I?
Valco Shopping Center
You are here
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Classical Navigation Methods
Dead Reckon
Landmarks
Celestial Navigation
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Looser!!!
Christopher Columbus got lost!!!!
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24/7 Anywhere, Always!!
• Precision Navigation 24/7• All kinds of weather• Anywhere on the earth• Premium military access• World wide civilian access
“Surgical” Military Strike
1957 Sputnik
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0°0’0”N, 0°0’0”E
prime meridian
Greenwich, EnglandDegrees
MinutesSeconds
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The Three GPS Segments
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Satellites, Launch Vehicles
Block IIBlock IIR -12
Block IIA -10
Block IIRM -7 Block IIF -2
Delta II CCAFB
Atlas E VBAFB
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Atomic Clock
• Most Accurate Time Source Devised by man.
• 1 Second Drift every 100,000 years• All Satellites are Time Synchronized
• GPS time is accurate to within 14ns* * *
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• GPS Satellites Orbit at about 11,000 miles high
• All Satellites circle the earth twice a day.
• 31 Active Satellites
• 36 Orbit Slots
• Decommissioned & Spare Satellites
• 2 Watt Transmitters
Space Segment Facts
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• All orbits are elliptical
• All orbits are periodic
• Orbiting bodies move faster when closer to planet/sun.
Kepler’s Laws, Planetary Motion
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Control Segment- Master Control
2nd Space Operations Squadron (2SOPS)
Shreiver AFB Base, Colorado Springs, CO.
Master Control Station
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GPS Control Segment
Cape Canaveral Ascension Diego Garcia Kwajalein
Global Ground Network
Ground Antennas
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• Global Ground Network• Master Control Station• Track GPS Satellites• Monitor Satellite Transmissions• Perform Analyses• Monitor Solar Activity• Send Corrective Commands to Satellites.• Ensures Accurate GPS signals 24/7
Control Segment
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User Segment
Joe Hiker
Fleet Vehicle ManagementDisaster Mapping - GeoTag
SurveyingRail Roads - PTCYachting
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How ? - Lost Hiker
Lost Hiker
Landmark 1
Landmark 2
Landmark 3
(XLM1,YLM1)
(XLM2,YLM2)
(XLM3,YLM3)
(xLH,yLH)
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Lost Hiker, Cont.
Lost Hiker
Landmark 1
Landmark 2
Landmark 3
(XLM1,YLM1)
(XLM2,YLM2)
(XLM3,YLM3)
(xLH,yLH)
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Intersection of Spheres
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Measuring the distance to a Satellite
Distance = (Speed of Light) * Time
Satellite Pseudo Random Code
Receiver Pseudo Random Code
GPS Satellite
GPS Receiver
Speed of Light = 186,000 miles/sec
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Ionosphere & Tropshpere
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Chabot College Parking Lot
37° 38’ 34.38” N
122° 06’ 18.48” W
Typical Accuracy 5m–6m
Worst Case 20M
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CDMA Cell Phone Contacts
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GPS time – Cell Tower
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First John Deere Tractor
1923
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2012 “Fully Load” John Deere
• Inertial Navigation• Precision Lasers• GPS Navigation
• “Hands Free” Ops• Air Conditioning
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Modern Tractor Cabin
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“Connected Farming”
Differential GPS
GPS“Psuedolite”
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Prescription Map – Pests,Weeds
Host Controller
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Good Clean Tractor Fun
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JPALS, Aircraft Carrier Landings
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• Electrical Engineers• Ceramic Engineering• Mechanical Engineers• Civil Engineers• Computer Engineering• Environmental Engineering• Fire Protection Engineering• Chemical Engineers• Materials Engineering• Software Engineers• Logistical Engineers• Aeronautical Engineers• Process Engineers• You Name It Engineers
Engineering Disciplines
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Q & A