Govt. Business and Civil Society

8/9/2019 Govt. Business and Civil Society

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RESEARCH

PROPOSAL

A THOROUGH INVESTIGATION OFROLE OF NGO’S & CBO’S

R E S E A R C H M E T H O D S A N D T E C H N I Q U E S

S E M E S T E R 3 R D

0 8 T H M A R C H , 2 0 0 4


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Civi S!"i#$% R!# !' NGO( & CBO(

CONTENTS

E)ECUTIVE SUMMAR*

INTRODUCTION

CIVIL SOCIET*

SOCIAL+PUBLIC P ARTICIPATION

COMMUNIT* EMPOERMENT

NGOS & CBOS

CONCLUSION

R EFERENCES


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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

N!-.G!v#/-#-$1 O/1-i1$i!-( NGO(5 1-6 C!7-i$%.B1(#6O/1-i1$i!-( CBO(5 1v# 9##- i- $# i# i$ '!/ (!# $i#:

Ti( /#;!/$ 1$$#;$( $! '7% i-v#($i1$# $# /#1(!-( 9#i-6 $i(#/ '!7-61$i!- 9%#


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1.0 INTRODUCTION

NGO( 1/# $%;i"1% "1((i>#6 1( i-($i$7$i!-( !7$(i6# !' $#!v#/-#-$ (#"$!/: CBO( 1/# i?# NGO( #" !#1-6 1-6 $#-6 $! 9#/#'#//#6 $! 1( /1((./!!$ !/1-i1$i!-(’: NGO( 1-6 CBO( 1v##($19i(#6 $#(#v#( 1( 1 #6i7 '!/ 6#iv#/% !' #"!-!i"1-6 (!"i1 6#v#!;#-$ i- -7#/!7( "!7-$/i#(: T#% 1/#i-"/#1(i-% "!-(i6#/#6 1( $# 9#($ "!-67i$ '!/ $# 6i($/i97$i!-!' 7$i1$#/1 1-6 9i1$#/1 1i6, $# 6i((#i-1$i!- !' -#= i6#1(1-6 "!-"#;$( =i$ /#(;#"$ $! $# 9#$$#/#-$ !' $# ;79i" 1-6#-"!7/1# ;1/$i"i;1$i!- 1-6 6#!"/1"% i- !/6#/ $! i;/!v# "ivi(!"i#$%:

Ov#/ $# %#1/( $#i/ ;!;71/i$% 1( /!=- #$( $#% !#/:

I- !/6#/ $! '7% 1;;/#"i1$# $# 9#-#>$( 1-6 '7-"$i!-( !' $#(#i-($i$7$i!-(, i$ i( i;!/$1-$ $! 1v# 1 '7 7-6#/($1-6i- !' $####-$( =i" 1/# 1((!"i1$#6 =i$ $#i/ ##"$( $! 1"i#v# $#i/

!1(:


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2.0 CIVIL SOCIETY

Civi (!"i#$% i( 1 97 ;1(# =i" i( "1/##((% $/!=- 1/!7-69% $# #6i1 1-6 !v#/-#-$(: I$ 1( 9#"!# !-# !' $!(#$#/(, =i" i( 7(#6 (! !'$#- 97$ i$( -1$7/# #1-i- 1( 9##-!($: I$ 1( 9##- 1$$1"#6 $! $!(# (!"i#$i#( =i" 9!1($ 1/#GNP >7/#(, 1v# 9#$$#/ $#"-!!% !/ $!(# =i" ;#!;# 19#1( !6#/- (!"i#$i#(’: H!=#v#/ $i( i( 1 /!(( i("!-"#;$i!-

1-6 7($ 9# 166/#((#6:

2.1 DefnitionI- i( #-i$i!- i( v#/% 9/!16: G#-#/1%(;#1?i-, 1 "ivi (!"i#$% i( $# (7 !' 1 $# (!"i#$1/#1$i!-(i;( =i" i-v!v# v!7-$1/% 1((!"i1$i!- 1-6;1/$i"i;1$i!- !' i-6ivi671(:

O-# =1% $! $1"?# $i( $#/ i( $! (;i$ i$ 7;: Fi/($ i$ i(#((#-$i1 $! ("/7$i-i# $# $/7# #1-i- !' (!"i#$%: #-

$# $#/ (!"i#$% i( #-$i!-#6, 1 -79#/ !' $#/( "!# $!i-6: S7" $#/( i?#, #-#/1 ;79i", 71-i$%,"!7-i$% $#(# 1/# 1 =!/6( =i" "!# $! i-6: T#7#($i!- /#1i-( 19!7$ =1$ 1 $/7# (!"i#$% i(: 1$"1/1"$#/i($i"( 1/# 1((!"i1$#6 =i$ (!"i#$%:

2.1.1 Society Exp!ine"


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M1- i( 1 (!"i1 1-i1 $i( i( 1- i-97i$ $/1i$ 1-6 i(-!$ #1(i% i-!/#6: A$!7 i- 1-% i-($1-"#( 1-1( 6i(;1%#6 $#-6#-"i#( !' i-6ivi671i$% $# '1"$/#1i-( $1$ $# (!"i1 71i$% i( !-# =i" "1- -!$9# #1(i% /#;/#((#6: F7/$#/!/#, i$ 1( 9#"!#

9#-#>"i1 '!/ 1- $! 9#"!# 1ii1$#6 =i$ /!7;(:I- $# (i;# ("#-1/i! !' 1 $/i9#, 1 i-6ivi671("!9i-# $#i/ #!/$( i-$! !-# "!#"$iv# /!7;'!/1$i!-: i$i- $i( /!7; $# (?i( !' #1"i-6ivi671 !/ 7-i$ 1/# 16# 1v1i19# '!/ $# /#($ !' $# (!"i#$%: S! $# (?i( !' 1 $1i!/ 1/# 1v1i19#:

2.1.2 Ci#iity N!= $1$ 1 "!;/##-(iv# 7-6#/($1-6i- !' $#=!/6 (!"i#$% 1( 9##- '7% #


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2.1.* Societ! Re!tion&+ip&#- $1?i- 19!7$ 1 "ivi (!"i#$%, $# #-#/11((7;$i!- i( $1$ $i( /#'#/( $! $# /#1$i!-(i;('!/#6 9#$=##- ;/iv1$# 1-6 ;79i" i-($i$7$#(: I-/#1i$%, $# #1-i- i( 7" !/# i-$/i"1$#: A-%($76% 6!-# !- "ivi (!"i#$% i( !-# =i" #


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H#-"#, =i$ $# "!-($/7"$i!- !' 1 "ivi (!"i#$%, $#/#

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A!- =i$ $# 91(i" ;/i-"i;#( !' 71- -1$7/#, ;#!;#1/# #-#/1% i- '1v!/ !' ivi- i- 1 "ivi (!"i#$%: T#/#'!/#,$#% =i 1i-$1i- 1-6 $/% $! >-6 =1%( $! #-1-"# $#(!"i#$%:

Ti( i( 1- i-($i-"$ =i$i- $# i-6ivi671 $! !v# $!=1/6((7" 1 (!"i#$% 1( i- $# #


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$.0 SOCIAL/ ULIC ARTICIATION

S! '1/ $i( /#;!/$ 1( 6#>-#6 1 "ivi (!"i#$% 1-6 ;/!v#6 $1$ i$ i(1 ($1$# $1$ i-6ivi671 1/# #1#/ $! 1$$1i-: T#/# 1/# (#v#/1$!!( 1-6 $#"-i7#( 1v1i19# $! $# ;79i" i- !/6#/ $! 1i-$1i-1-6 #-1-"# 1 "ivi (!"i#$%: O-# ;1/$i"71/% ##"$ #$!6(=i" -!$ '/##% 6i("7((#6 i( $# 7(# !' ;79i" 1-6 "i$i#-(;1/$i"i;1$i!-:

$.1 eneft& !#!i!e

i$ $# i-"7(i!- !' $# ;79i" i- 6#"i(i!- 1?i-, i$ i( 1-i-$/i"1$# 1-6 6#i"1$# #$!6 =i" 1!=( ;#!;# $! '!/1 6##;#/ 1-6 ($/!-#/ 9!-6 !' /#(;#"$ '!/ $# !$#/(1/!7-6 $#: T# /#(7$ !' $#i/ ;1/$i"i;1$i!- 1!=( '!/$# ;#!;# $! 1i- 1 (#-(# !' /#(;!-(i9ii$% '!/ $#i/(7//!7-6i-( 1-6 $# (79(#7#-$ 9#-#>$( !' $#(# 1!=$# (!"i#$% $! 9#"!# "!(#/ 1-6 !/# ;/!67"$iv#:I-i$i1%, $# (!"i#$% 1%9# 1i#-1$#6 1-6 i(!1$#6 '/!#1" !$#/: Ti( ;/!9# i( !v#/"!# $/!7 ;79i";1/$i"i;1$i!-:

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$.1.$ Di#e%&ity o' exp%e&&ion

$.1.* Sec)%ity !n" %i#!cy

$.1., C)t)%! en#i%on(ent

$.2 Co(()nity O%!ni3!tion&

i$ $# /1-# !' v1/i#$% '!7-6 =i$i- 1-% iv#- (!"i#$% i$"!#( 1( -! (7/;/i(# $1$ $# -##6( !' 1 (!"i#$% 1(! v1/%"!-(i6#/19%: I-"i6#-$1%, $#(# -##6( 1/# -!$ (1/#6#71% 9% #v#/% #9#/ !' $# (!"i#$%: A( 1 /#(7$,/!7;( !' i?#.i-6#6 i-6ivi671( i( 1 91(i( '!/ $# $!"!# $!#$#/ 1-6 '!/ 9!6i#( $! ##"$iv#% 1$$1i- $#:i$ $#i/ "!9i-#6 ##"$, $#% 1/# 19# $! =!/? $!=1/6($#(# !1( $/!7 ;!!#6 /#(!7/"#( 1-6 /#1$#/1-;!=#/: H#-"# $i( =1( $# i-i$i1 ;1(# '/! =i"

NGO( 1-6 CBO( #v!v#6 '/!:

$.2.1 4o!& !n" O5ecti#e&

T# ?i-6 !' =!/? $1$ 1 "!7-i$% !/1-i1$i!-1%9# ;/!-# $!! 1/# #


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1$ (!76 9# 7-6#/($!!6 9% $i( i($ i( $1$ -!-#!' $# 19!v# 1/# "1/1"$#/i($i"( !' $# 1"$i!-( !' 1!v#/-#-$ 9!6% 1-6 $# $=! (!76 -!$ 9#"!-'7(#6: I- $# "1(# !' !v#/-#-$(, $#% 1/# 19#$! "!!(# '/! 1 v1($ /1-# !' $#"-i7#( i-"76i-

#"!-!i", "!7-i$% 9!6i#( 1=1/6 !/# #;1(i(!- $# (!"i1 ;#/(;#"$iv#: E((#-$i1%, $#i/ "#-$/1'!"7( i( $! #-(7/# $1$ $# v!i"#( 1-6 "!-"#/-( !/!/6i-1/% ;#!;# 1/# -!$ #


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"!-$/i97$#( $! i;/!v# ;#/'!/1-"# !' !v#/-#-$ ($1 1-6 $!i;/!v# "i#-$ (1$i('1"$i!- =i$ $# i-($i$7$i!-( (#/vi"#:

4: COMMUNIT* EMPOERMENT PROGRAM

T# !1( !' "!7-i$% #;!=#/#-$ ;/!/1 1/# $!;/!!$# (#"7/i$%, !;;!/$7-i$% 1-6 #;!=#/#-$ 9%K

S$/#-$#-i- 1""!7-$19#, i-"7(iv# "!7-i$%

/!7;( S7;;!/$i- 9/!16 91(#6 ;1/$i"i;1$i!- 9% ;!!/ ;#!;#

F1"ii$1$i- 1""#(( $! i-'!/1$i!- 1-6 i-?1# $! $#

1/?#$

I;/!vi- !v#/-1-"#, i-($i$7$i!-( 1-6 ;!i"i#(

CEP ;/!/1 !!?( 1$ $# i((7# !' #;!=#/#-$ 1-6!v#/-1-"# $7( ($/#-$#-i- $# v!i"#( !' $# ;!!/ i-i-7#-"i- ;79i" ;!i"i#(, 1( =# 1( i- 1?i-i-($i$7$i!-( !/# 1""!7-$19# 1-6 /#(;!-(iv# $! $#i/-##6(:

4:2 INITIATING COMMUNIT* EMPOERMENTPROGRAM

I- 1;;%i- CEP, $# "i/"7($1-"#( i- $# "!7-i$% 7($

9# "!-(i6#/#6: T# ;1/$i"i;1$i- /!7;( (!76 #67"1$#$# "i$i#- 19!7$ 6#"i(i!- 1?i- ;/!"#(( 1-6 #; $#i6#-$i'%i- $#i/ i((7#(:

A '#= "1/1"$#/i($i"( 19!7$ 1-% "!7-i$% $! "!-(i6#/9#'!/# "!!(i- 1 "!7-i$% #;!=#/#-$ ($/1$#% 1/#K

Si# !' "!7-i$%

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S"!;# !' !7$/#1" ;/!#"$(

Si# !' "!7-i$% !/1-i1$i!-( i- $#/ !' ($1 1-6

#9#/(

L1-71# 91//i#/(


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I- CEP =#- $# /#(!7/"#( 1/# 6#6i"1$#6 $! #v!vi-"!7-i$% /#(i6#-$( i- ;1--i- ;/!"#((, 11i- /#(7$("1- 9# 1"i#v#6: C!7-i$% "!-(#-(7( "1- 9# /#1"#6Ki-$#/#($ "1- 9# #-#/1$#6 i- -#i9!/!!6 $1$ 1( -#v#/16 v!i"# i- $#i/ i((7#(:

T# ###-$( $1$ #-19# $# (7""#(( 1/#

Ti#

D#6i"1$i!-

P1$i#-"#

C!7-i$% $/7($

U-6#/($1-6i- !' "!7-i$% -##6( 1-6 ?-!=#6#

C/#1$ivi$%

ii--#(( $! =!/? $!#$#/

T#(# ;/!/1( 1/# (7""#(('7 67# $! $# /#1(!- $1$$#(# 1/# 91(#6 !- "!7-i$%, i-i$i1$#6 9% "!7-i$%,"!-($/7"$#6 9% "!7-i$% 1-6 "!-67"$#6 9% "!7-i$%:H!=#v#/ i$ i( -!$#6 $1$ $! i-v!v# $# ;79i", i$ i(-#"#((1/% $! #-1# $# ;79i":

4:3 SHORT COMMINGS OF CEP

I- $# i;##-$1$i!- !' CEP $# !($ i;!/$1-$ ;/!9#i( !' $i#, 9#"17(# =i$ $# i-v!v##-$ !' !/# ;#!;# i-$# ;/!#"$ 1-6 6iv#/(# #v# !' 7-6#/($1-6i- 1-6?-!=#6# (7" ;/!/1( $1?# !- $i#: S!# !' $i#6ii"7$i#( "1- 9# !v#/"!# =i$ !/# ($1 #9#/(1((i-#6 $! $# ;/!#"$, 97$ (!# ###-$( 1-6 ($#;("1--!$ 9# /7(#6 1-6 (?i;;#6: S?i;;i- $# ($#;( 1-6/7(i- $# ;/!"#(( (1"/i>"#( $# 71i$% 1-6 "!7-i$%97%.i- $! $# !- $#/ !1(:

S! i$ "1- 9# "!-"76#6 $1$ $# "!7-i$% 6#v#!;#-$!/1-i1$i!-( (!76

S#$ /#1i($i" !1( '!/ =1$ "1- 9# 1""!;i(#6

=i$ $# /#(!7/"#( 1v1i19#: T# /#(!7/"# i($(!76 "!-(i6#/ !-#%, ($1 $i#, $# i-6ivi671(


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i-v!v#6, ;1($ #


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,.0 N4OS 7 COS

T#/# i( -! #-#/1% 1""#;$#6 6#>-i$i!- !' 1- NGO 1-6 $#$#/ "1//i#( 6i#/#-$ "!--!$1$i!-( i- 6i#/#-$ "i/"7($1-"#(:N#v#/$##((, $#/# 1/# (!# '7-61#-$1 '#1$7/#(: C#1/% 1-NGO 7($ 9# i-6#;#-6#-$ '/! $# 6i/#"$ "!-$/! !' 1-%!v#/-#-$: I- 166i$i!-, $#/# 1/# $/## !$#/ #-#/1%

1""#;$#6 "1/1"$#/i($i"( $1$ #


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'7-"$i!- !' ($/#-$#-i- $# 6!-!/( i6#-$i>"1$i!- =i$ $#"17(#: P#/(716i- ;#!;# $! 6!-1$# $#i/ $i# i( -#"#((1/%, 97$,i- 166i$i!- $! 1 (1 -79#/ !' ;#!;# ivi- 1 /#1$ 6#1 !' $i#, i$ i( 1(! -#"#((1/% $! 9# 19# $! !9ii# 1/# -79#/('!/ 9/i#' ;#/i!6(: E/($"1# i-$! #


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=#/# (7""#(('7% 19# $! ($1?# $#i/ /!# i- #"!-!i" 1-6(!"i1 i((7#(: Ti( "1-# #1-$ $1$ $# $#/# =1( 1 -#=(!7/"# '!/ ($/#-$#-i- 1-6 '!/1ii- $# /#1$i!-(=i$ ;/iv1$# !/1-i1$i!-(: Ti( /#(7$#6 i- 1- 7;/16# i-$# ($1$7( !' $# E"!-!i" 1-6 S!"i1 C!7-"i ECOSOC5

$! 1 ;/i-"i;1 !/1- !' $# UN:

T! "1/i'% 1$$#/(, -#= $#/i-!!% =1( i-$/!67"#6 $!"!v#/ ECOSOC( /#1$i!-(i; =i$ $=! $%;#( !' i-$#/-1$i!-1 !/1-i1$i!-(: U-6#/ A/$i"# 0, (;#"i1i#61#-"i#(, #($19i(#6 9% i-$#/!v#/-#-$1 1/###-$"!76 ;1/$i"i;1$# =i$!7$ 1 v!$# i- i$( 6#i9#/1$i!-(,=i# 7-6#/ A/$i"# , -!-.!v#/-#-$1 !/1-i1$i!-("!76 1v# (7i$19# 1//1-##-$( '!/ "!-(7$1$i!-: T7(,(;#"i1i#6 1#-"i#( 1-6 NGO( 9#"1# $#"-i"1 UN

1/!-: U-i?# 7" UN 1/!-, $# $#/, NGO, ;1((#6i-$! ;!;71/ 7(1#, ;1/$i"71/% '/! $# #1/% 0(!-=1/6(: M1-% 6iv#/(# $%;#( !' 9!6i#( 1/# -!= 6#("/i9#61( 9#i- NGO(:

,.2 ROLE O- N4OS

,.$ NEED -OR N4OS

I$ 1( /#;#$i$iv#% 9##- ($1$#6 $/!7!7$ $i( /#;!/$ $1$NGO( 1-6 CBO( 1v# 7-6#/!-# 1 1(( 7$i;i"1$i!-=i" "1- -!$ 9# i-!/#6: Ti( # $# !/1-i1$i!-( 67$i#(: M1-% !' $# =#/#-!=-#6 /#;/#(#-$1$iv#( 1v# 1 (!7-6 /#;7$1$i!-i- $# #%#( !' $# ;79i" 1-6 #-"# 1/# !;#- $! 1i6'/! v1/i!7( (#"$!/(:


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T# ;/!9#( 1((!"i1$#6 =i$ $#(# #-$i$i#( i#( =i$$# !;#/1$i!-1 "!-($/1i-$(: I- 1-% "1(#(, =#-=!/?i- 19/!16, $#% 1/# "!-$i-71% /#($/1i-#6'/! (;/#16i- $#i/ =i-( 9% !v#/-#-$(, =i"$#-6 $! 1v# 1 i 6#/## !' 6i"$1$!/(i;: I- (7"

i-($1-"#( $#i/ 1"$i!-( 1/# 9#i- #$( $/!7 '7$7/# 97(i-#(( 1"$ivi$i#(:

,.$.$ A#!i!iity o' -)n"&

A-!$#/ #-"!7/1i- '1"$!/ '!/ $# /!=$ !' NGO(

i( "!-(#-$ !' G!v#/-#-$( $! ;1/$ =i$ 1 '/1"$i!- !' $#i/ '7-6( '!/ $# 6#v#!;#-$ !' NGO(: Ov#/ $# %#1/(, NGO( 1v# #


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,.$.* Ret%e!t o' 4o#e%n(ent

,.$., oo% 4o#e%n(ent Rep)t!tion

A$!7 1-% !v#/-#-$( 1% "1i $! '!"7(i-$#i/ #!/$( ;7/#% '!/ $# 9#-#>$ !' $# (!"i#$%,$#i/ 1"$i!-( "!-$/16i"$ $i(:

,.* ADVANTA4ES

NGO( ;!;71/i$% i( 6#/iv#6 '/! $# '7-"$i!-( $#% 1/#9#i#v#6 $! #-1"$: T#i/ 1$$/1"$iv#-#(( i#( i- $# 9#i#' $1$ NGO( "1//% !7$ $# (1# $1(?( !' !v#/-#-$( i- 1

!/# #i"i#-$ 1-6 "!($.##"$iv# 1--#/: O-# !' $# !($6#>-i- "1/1"$#/i($i"( !' NGO( i( $# ($/!- i-? $#%!6 =i$ $# ;!!/ ;#!;#: E6=1/6( 1-6 H7# ($1$#6

!"s and #$"s %grass&root organizations' areawarded a key role in the democratization process by bilateral and multilateral agencies(They are seen asan integral component of a thriving civil society and anessential counterweight to state power, opening upchannels of communication and participation,providing training ground for activists and promoting

pluralism.

Ti( ($1$##-$ ii$( $1$ NGO( 1/# ;#/"#iv#6 $! 9# 1#1-( !' ($/#-$#-i- "ivi (!"i#$% 1-6 '!($#/i- !!6!v#/-#-$: F/! $i( ($1$##-$, i$ i( #vi6#-$ $1$ NGO(!6 1 -79#/ !' "!;1/1$iv# 16v1-$1#( !v#/ ($1$#!v#/-#-$(, #1" !' =i" =i 9# 6i("7((#6 i- 6#$1i:E1" ###-$ 6i("7((#6 9#!= 1/# 1 '/1"$i!-( =i" 1667; $! 1 "ivi (!"i#$%:

,.*.1 %o(ote Di#e%&ity

I$ i( $%;i"1% ($1$#6 $1$ 1- i-6ivi671 6#/iv#6 !' !;;!/$7-i$% i( !-# =!(# 9!/- /i$( 1/# 9#i- vi!1$#6: E1" i-6ivi671 (!76 9# 1!=#6 $! 6#>-#$#(#v#( i- =1$#v#/ 1--#/ $#% (## vi19# 1(!- 1( i$ i( 6!-# =i$!7$ "17(i- 6i(/7;$i!- i- $#(!"i#$%: S7" #


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i-$#/#($ /!7;(: I-$#/#($ /!7;( 1/# $%;i"1% 6#>-#61( $!(# 1((!"i1$i!-( 97i$ !- $# ($/#-$ !' 1/!7; !' ;#!;# =! "!# $!#$#/ =i$ (ii1/i6#1(: T#i/ 6i($i-7i(i- "1/1"$#/i($i" i( $1$ $#%6! -!$ =i( $! 1i- "!-$/! i- !v#/-#-$ 97$ /1$#/

=i( $! 1v# $#i/ v!i"# #1/6 (! $#% "1- i- ##"$i-7#-"# $# ;/!"#(( !' ;!i"% 1?i-: T#/#1"$i!-( 1/# /#v!v#6 1/!7-6 "1#-i-!-!;!i($i" $#-6#-"i#( 1-6 ;!!/ ;#/'!/1-"# !' $# ($1$#:

I$ (!76 9# /#i-6#6 $1$ -! ;!i$i"1 ;1/$i#( 1/#1!=#6 $! 9# /#"!-i#6 1( NGO(: Ti( i( 1- 1/#1ECOSOC 1v# ##6 $1$NGO( (!76 1v# 1 #-#/1 i-$#/-1$i!-1 "!-"#/-=i$ $i( 1$$#/, -!$ /#($/i"$#6 $! $# i-$#/#($( !' 1;1/$i"71/ /!7; !' ;#/(!-(, 1 (i-# -1$i!-1i$% !/$# (i$71$i!- i- 1 (i-# S$1$#: i# $i( ;/!vi(i!-=1( 6/!;;#6 '/! $# /#vi(#6 $#


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7i$# $# (1# ($!/%: i$ $#i/ 7# (;/#16 !' (?i(1-6 =!/?.'!/"#, 1-% $#-6 $! 19i6# $! 197/#17"/1$i" !v#/-1-"# =i" i;!(#( 1-%ii$(: NGO( 6! -!$ 1v# $i( ;/!9#:

A-!$#/ /#1(!- '!/ $#i/ #i"i#-"% i#( i- $#i/17$!-!%: NGO( 1/# 1!=#6 $# '/##6! $!'7-"$i!- =i$!7$ 1-% !v#/./i6i- i-7#-"# '/!!v#/-#-$(: H!=#v#/, $i( i( i- 1- i6#1 =!/6:I-6ivi671 !v#/-#-$( 6! 1$ $i#( $/% $! i-7#-"#$# NGO "!7-i$% i- 1 ;1/$i"71/ >#6, 9%#($19i(i- NGO( $1$ ;/!!$# $#i/ ;!i"i#(: S7"i-($i$7$#( =i" '1 $! $# =i( !' !v#/-#-$(1v# 9##- '!-6% 9/1-6#6 1( GONGO(, !v#/-#-$.!/1-i#6 NGO: S7" i-($i$7$#( 9#"!# '1i#6#


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/#(#1/" /!7;( 1% 1;;i% !9$1i- !v#/-#-$'7-6( $! (7;;!/$ $#i/ ;/!/1( (!# 1/#i--!v1$iv# 1-6 (!# 1/# -!$: B#%!-6 $#(#(i$71$i!-(, /16i"1 "1;1i-i- /!7;( 1% 9#7-=ii- 1-6 7-19# $! 1$$/1"$ !v#/-#-$ '7-6(:

,.,., A""%e&&in Nee"& o' Society

#- ;/!;#/% 6#(i-#6, "!7-i$%.91(#6;/!/1( "1- 9# i% ##"$iv# i- 1-1i--1$7/1 /#(!7/"#(, ;/!vi6i- 91(i" i-'/1($/7"$7/# !/#-(7/i- ;/i1/% (!"i1 (#/vi"#(: P1/$i"i;1$i!- i-"!7-i$%.91(#6 6#v#!;#-$ 6#;#-6( !-/#v#/(i- "!-$/! 1-6 1""!7-$19ii$% '/! "#-$/117$!/i$i#( $! "!7-i$% !/1-i1$i!-(: S7""#(('76#(i- /#7i/#( $1;;i- i-$! !"1 -##6(,

7-6#/($1-6i- 1-6 97i6i- !- $# ($/#-$( !' #-i- $# "1-#(-##6#6 i- i-$#/#6i1/% i;##-$i- 1#-"i#( $!(7;;!/$ "!7-i$% 1"$i!-

,.*.; M!%


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!/1-i1$i!- $#% ;!/$/1% $#(#v#( 1( 6%-1i",i--!v1$iv# 1-6 -!-.i#/1/"i"1:

NGO( 1/# "!-($1-$% 9#i- "!-$/1($#6 $! -#= (!"i1!v##-$(: T# i6#1 !' 1 !v##-$ (i7$1-#!7(%i-v!?#( $=! 6i((ii1/ i6#1( $# ;!i$i"1 i;1"$ !'

1(( 1"$i!-, 9% v#/% 1/# -79#/( !' ;#!;#, 1-6$# /!# !' $# i-6ivi671 ;#/(!-, i-6#;#-6#-$%1?i- i(+#/ !=- v!i"# #1/6: Si-"# $# 0(,$#/# 1v# 9##- /#'#/#-"#( $! $# -#= (!"i1!v##-$(, (7" 1( $!(# '!/ ;#1"#, =!#-(/i$(, 6#v#!;#-$, $# #-vi/!-#-$ 1-6 1-$i./1"i(: T#(# "!-"#;$( 1/# "!-(i6#/#6 $! 9# -#=(i;% 9#"17(# $#% 1/# -!$ 9!7-6#6 9% i6#1( !' "1(( 6ivi(i!-(. H!=#v#/, 1-% ;/!9#( 1/i(# i-$i( 91(i( !' "!-$/1($: T#/# 1/# 9!$ "!-(#/v1$iv#1-6 /16i"1 i6#1( (1/#6 i- $#(# (!"i1 !v##-$(:

A( 1 /#(7$, NGO( $#-6 $! '1 i-$! #i$#/ !' $#(#$=! "1$#!/i#(: M1-% ("!1/( !6 $# !;i-i!- $1$1 !v##-$( 1/# 1 ;/!/#((iv# #1-( $!#-1-"i- 1 (!"i#$%: T# 1= i- $i( i#( i- $#!i((i!- !' $# '1"$ $1$ 1-% !v##-$( 1/#/#1"$i!-1/% i- -1$7/#: F!/ #


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1!- =i$ 1 $# ;#!;#, =i$i- 1-6 !7$(i6# $#!/1-i1$i!-(, =! i6#-$i'% =i$ $# "!!- !1(1-6 $# "!#"$iv# i6#-$i$%: T7(, 1 (!"i1 !v##-$i( !/# $1- 1 "!1i$i!- !' NGO( 1-6 #(( $1-(!"i#$% 1( 1 =!#:

I- $# 0(, '!7/ 7$71%./#i-'!/"i- ;/!"#((#( !' "1-# #6 $! #;1(i( !- $# "!-"#;$ !' "ivi(!"i#$%:

1- #-i$i!- 16 9##- #($19i(#6, $#UN 1$$#;$#6 $! 7$ii# $i( -#= !7$!!?: T# UN#


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i6#1( 1-6 "!-"#;$(, #1" !6i- $#i/ !=- !;i-i!-:S7" i( $# v1/i#$% $1$ !-# ;#/(!-( vi#= !' $# ;79i"i-$#/#($ 1% 9# (##- 9% 1-!$#/ ;#/(!- 1( $#1((#/$i!- !' 7-1""#;$19# v17#(, i6#!!i"1 #$ '/! /##-"!-(7#/i( !/ #v#- /#67"# "!-(7;$i!- !' #-#/%

1-6 /1= 1$#/i1( $! /#67"# "!($(: T/16# 7-i!-( 7(71%! 7" '7/$#/ $1- "!;1-i#( i- 1?i- #


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$! 16i$ $! /#1$i!-( =i$ #i$#/ ;/#((7/# /!7;( !/i-$#/#($ /!7;( 1( #1" "1//i#( =i$ $# "!($%"!-(#7#-"#(: A( 1 (1'# 1$#/-1$iv#, $#% ;/#'#/ $#91-6 $i$# !' NGO(:

NGO( 1v# 16!;$#6 $# "!-"#;$ !' ;79i" i-$#/#($ 1-66! 6i(;1% "#/$1i- "1/1"$#/i($i"( =i" 1/# (ii1/ $!9!$ i-$#/#($ /!7;( 1-6 ;/#((7/# /!7;(: H!=#v#/,$#/# i( 7$71 "!--iv1-"# i- !($ ;!i$i"1 ;/!"#((#(1$ $# !91 #v# $! i6# 9#i-6 $# 7-"!-$/!v#/(i1"1$".1 $#/ NGO(: E((#-$i1%, NGO( 1/# -!$ $1$7" 6i#/#-$ '/! ;/iv1$i!- v!7-$1/% !/1-i1$i!-(PVO5 #


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;/!67"# $# 6#(i/#6 ##"$: I$ i( !/# #1(i#/ $!16v#/$i(# $#i/ !=- i6#1( 1-6 9/i- $# ;79i" $!$#i/ =1% !' $i-?i- 1( $# ;79i" -!= 1( 9#"!#(! >"?# =i$ '#= !/1( 1-6 ;/i-"i;#(:

,.*.2 T%)e A)tono(y

O-# !' $# 9i#($ ;/!9#( 1((!"i1$#6 =i$ NGO(i( $#i/ i-?1# =i$ 6!-!/(: T# /#1(!- 9#i-6 $i(i( "#1/: A( NGO( 9#"!# /#i1-$ $! $#(# '!/#i-6!-!/(, $#% 1(! 9#"!# v7-#/19#: M1-% 6!-!/(-!= 1?# 6#1-6( =i" $#% #19# /#(7$(: A$!7 $i( 1%9# "!-(i6#/#61 !!6 $i- $! ;7( NGO( $! 1"i#v# i /#(7$(,$#/# i( 1 6!=-'1 $! $i(: NGO( 1/# ;/!vi6i- 1(#/vi"#: H#-"# $#i/ >#6 i( 71i$%: I' $#% 9#i- $!"1--# $#i/ #!/$( i-$! !9$1i-i- 71-$i$1$iv#/#(7$(, $#- $#% =i 1v# $! "!;/!i(# !-71i$%:

A-!$#/ 1/#1 =i" i( 1 6!=-'1 i- NGO( i( $1$6!-!/( 1% 6#1-6 $1$ "#/$1i- i6#1( 1/# ;7$'!/=1/6 $! $# ;79i": Ti( i( $# "1(# =#- NGO(1/# '7-6#6 9% !v#/-#-$1 9!6i#(: T# /#1(!- =%!v#/-#-$( 1% /#(!/$ $! NGO( i- (;/#16i-"!-"#;$71 i6#1( i#( i- $# '1"$ $1$ 1v# ;/!v#6 i-$# ;1($ $! 1v# 1 ($/!- 9!-6 =i$ $# ;79i": T#%1/# 9#$$#/ 19# $! (;/#16 $#(# i6#1( $/!7 $#$/7($i- /#1$i!-(i; $1$ $#% 1v# =!/?#6 1/6 $!"/#1$#: Ti( i( 1 "!;/!i(# =i" "!#( 1$ 1 /#1$#


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i( 1 v#/% v17# 1-6 19i7!7( !-# 1$ $i#( 1-6 "1--!$ 9# #1(i% #1(7/#6: A( $#% 6#1 !($% =i$"1-i- $# i-6(#$ !' $# (!"i#$%, $i( i( -!$ 1-#1(% '1"$!/ $! 6#$#/i-#: H#-"#, !/# #!/$( (!769# 16# $! $1i!/ 1 (%($# $! 9#$$#/ #1(7/# $#

$/7# ##"$iv#-#(( !' NGO(:

,.*.* 6o%-1-"i1 1-61-1#/i1 6i("i;i-#, 1-6 #


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NGO( 1%9# #-$i/#% !/ 1/#% 6#;#-6#-$ !- 6!-!/6!#($i" 1-6 '!/#i-5 '7-6i-, =i" "1- #16 $!i;##-$1$i!- !' ;/!#"$( 1""!/6i- $! i5 $#=i(#( !' $# 6!-!/(, ii5 i-($19ii$% i- $#1v1i19ii$% !' '7-6(, 1-6 iii5 (!/$.$#/ ;#/(;#"$iv#(

!- ##$i- !9#"$iv#( =i$ #;1(i( !- ##$i-;%(i"1 $1/#$(:

S7($1i-19ii$% !' ;/!#"$(, 1"$ivi$i#( 1-6 (#/vi"#( 1%-!$ 9# 1"i#v#6 9#"17(# !' '1i7/# $! 6#v#!;i-$#/-1 i-($i$7$i!-1 #"1-i( 1-6 "1;1"i$% i- $#"!7-i$% !/1-i1$i!-(:

P/!#"$( i-$/!67"#6 1% -!$ 9# i--!v1$i!-1 i-$#/( !' 7(i- !"1 /#(!7/"#( 1-6 i-;7$( =i$#;1(i( 1-6 /1'$i- -#= #$!6( $! i-"/#1(#

;/!67"$ivi$% !/ "!($.##"$iv-#((T# i;1"$ !' NGO ;/!#"$( 1-6 1"$ivi$i#( 1/# !'$#-1/6 $! 1((#(( 1-6 1% 9# 1#"$#6 9% 9!$ i-$#/-11-6 #


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right were incompetent to carry out their responsibilities in various

departments which either did not exist or was done with inferior

quality. This realization then spread to the recognition that small localgroups were better equipped with the skills and resources to meet the

demands of the civil society. ith is point in mind, foreign aid for

development proved to be an invaluable source of income for suchgroups to expand their ob!ectives. The available funds that initially

were siphoned through the government now shared by another, the

non"governmental organisations #$%&s'.

5.5.1 Existing Rules & Regulations for NGOs and NGO Bill

(ach county)s perspective of $%&s varies considerably and such

organizations must tailor to these initial foundations in order that

their efforts have a resounding effect on the society. The legal

framework is an aspect that $%&s must take into consideration.

In *akistan, there exist several rules and regulations under which

$%&s may legally register themselves. +ome of these rules were

prepared before the independence of *akistan by the then ritish

government. The registration rules and regulations are six andthese are-

The +ocieties egistration /ct #00I', 1234,

The Trust /ct, 1225,

The 6haritable (ndowment /ct 1274,

The 6ooperative +ocieties /ct, 1758,

The 9oluntary +ocial elfare /gencies #egistration and6ontrol' &rdinance, 1731 #0:9I of 1731'

The 6ompanies &rdinance under +ection ;5 of 172;.

The above acts provided $%&s with liberties allowing them to

work freely with no hindrance within a given area.


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/n increasing interest amongst international and multilateral agencies

to involve the non"governmental organisations #$%&s ' to implement

their agenda generated mushroom growth of $%&s in early 74s andalarmed the government functionaries. 6onsequently, steps to curb

them were highly under discussion by the government and first it

created own $%&s in the name of ural +upport *rogrammes #+*s'and then it introduced $%&"ill #as most of the donors preferred to

fund grassroots $%&s'.

5.5.2 NGO-bill 1996

/s $%&s became the new fashion, %overnment of *akistan began tolook into ways to control this growth as it was fast becoming a

realization that many such organizations were insincere and simply

using the establishment as a front were unethical acts were being

carried out freely. In 177;, %overnment of *akistan #%&*' has decided

to introduce a new act for the registration of $%&s. It was introducedin the +enate of *akistan as +ocial elfare /gencies #egistration and

egulation' /ct, 1773 on =anuary 58, 1773. The primary ob!ective inthe formation of this bill was to unify the various existing rules and

regulations making them clear and evident to all. This now meant that

government funding would only be provided to those $%&s whichwere duly recognized under the bill.

/nother productive step that *akistan took in this issue was to initiate

free communication linkage between $%&s and the government where

the $%&"bill could be discussed. / series of meetings were set up

which allowed for both parties to develop a certain understanding andappreciation of each others ob!ectives. This is a foundation that is still

currently being fortified and the ill in question is still under construction.

However, despite this move to reformatting, many discrepancies arise.

>any $%&s see this shift as an intrusive one on the part of the

government were their dictative forces may undermine the genuinegoals of $%&+. &n the other hand, the %overnment of *akistan stands

by the claim that their efforts in this field are to that donor funds are

used for their intended purpose. The %&* claims that her efforts are

aimed at stopping political interference by various internationalfunding agencies in *akistan?s internal affairs through religious $%&s.

I- A;/i 8, Mi1- N1=1 S1/i' =1( $# >/($P1?i($1-i P/i# Mi-i($#/ $! ##$ =i$ $# P/#(i6#-$!' $# E7/!;#1- C!i((i!-: T# /#1(!- 9#i-6 $i(17(;i"i!7( !""1(i!- =1( $# (i-i- !' 1 -#=


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1/###-$ 9#$=##- $# EU 1-6 P1?i($1-: T# EU i((7;;!/$i- 1/# 1-6 (1 ;/!#"$( i- P1?i($1-7-6#/ $# #16i-( !'K

71- /#(!7/"# 6#v#!;#-$

;!v#/$% 1#vi1$i!- $# i;/!v##-$ !' $# (i$71$i!- !' =!#-

1-6 "i6/#- $# #-vi/!-#-$

E"1$i!-;/!/1# 1-6 $# F!!6 P/!$#"$i!- 1-6R#19ii$1$i!- ;/!#"$(: B7$ EU 1((i($1-"# 1(!9#-#>$( $# (!"i1 (#"$!/ (7;;!/$ '!/ #67"1$i!-11"$ivi$i#( !' $# A1 @1- F!7-61$i!-, 1 ;/!#"$ =i$

$# ILO $! "!91$ "i6 19!7/, 1 1/#E-vi/!-#-$1 R#19ii$1$i!- ;/!#"$ 1-6 1 1!/;/!#"$ $! ($/#-$#- "1;1"i$% i- $# NGO (#"$!/:T# 1$$#/ ;/!#"$ =1( -!$ =i$!7$ ;/!9#(,!=#v#/:

I$ (##( 1$%;i"1 $1$ P1?i($1-, 1 "!7-$/% =i" 1(6iv#/#6 '/! $# $/16i$i!- !' "ivi (!"i#$% 67# $!/#"7//#-$ !' ii$1/% /7# (!76 #-$#/$1i- $#"!-"#;$ !' NGO(: H!=#v#/, 7-6#/ $# i-7#-"# !' ;#!;#. "#-$/#6 6#v#!;#-$ !6#( 1-6 . !/#

i;!/$1-$% . 67# $! $# 1((iv# >-1-"i1 (7;;!/$'/! 6!-!/(, $# "!7-$/% 1( (##- 1 9!! !' NGO1"$ivi$% i- /#"#-$ %#1/(: A$!7 $i( #v!7$i!-(##( 1 ;!(i$iv# $7/-i- ;!i-$, "!-"#/-( 19!7$ $#71i$% !' NGO( 1( 9##- 1 '!"1 ;!i-$ i- /#"#-$ %#1/(: T# #1(% 1v1i19ii$% !' '7-6( 1( #1-$ $1$NGO(, =i" 1%9# (i-"#/# 97$ 1"?i- i-1-1#/i1 1-6 $#"-i"1 (?i( $! 6#(i-, i;##-$1-6 !-i$!/ ;/!/1(, 1/# 19# $! "!-$i-7# $#i/i'#(;1- =i$ /#1$ i-#i"i#-"i#(:

T# EU.'7-6#6 R7/1 S!"i1 D#v#!;#-$P/!/1# RSDP5 1i#6 $! ($/#-$#- $#6#v#!;#-$ NGO( 1-6 C!7-i$% B1(#6O/1-i1$i!-( i- P1?i($1-: I-i$i1% 6#(i-#6 i- 3,$# ;/!/1# '!"7(#6 !- i-($i$7$i!-16#v#!;#-$ !' S7;;!/$ O/1-i1$i!-( 1-6, $/!7$#, $! ;/!vi6# (7;;!/$ $! "!7-i$%.91(#6!/1-i1$i!-( 1-6 i66# #v# NGO(::: H!=#v#/,


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9!$ $# 6#1%( i- -#!$i1$i- $# C!!;#/1$i!- A/###-$ 1-6 "1-#( i- $# C!i((i!-(;/i!/i$i#( #1-$ $1$ $# ;/!/1# ($i 16 -!$?i"?#6 ! =#- $# 1/###-$ =1( >-1% (i-#6 i-8:

T#(# 6#1%( 9/!7$ =i$ $# (i$ "1-#( i-$# #;1(i( !' $# ;/!/1: #/# i- #1/i#/ 6/1'$($# #;1(i( =1( !- $# i;/!v##-$ !' /7/1 1-6(#i.7/91- NGO (#/vi"#( i- $# >#6( !' 91(i"#1$, 91(i" #67"1$i!- 1-6 '1i% ;1--i-, 1$#/ !-$# ;/!/1 ;7$ !/# ($/#(( !- $# -##6 $! i-v#($ i-$# "1;1"i$% !' $# S7;;!/$ O/1-i1$i!-($#(#v#(: T# !/ii-1 1i !' i;/!vi- (!"i1(#/vi"#( =1( /#;1"#6 9% $# !9#"$iv# !' (7;;!/$i-(#v#- 1/# NGO(, i- $# !;# $1$ $1$ =!769#-#>$ $# NGO (#"$!/ 1( 1 =!#:

F7/$#/!/#, $#/# =#/# ;1/$i"71/ ;/!9#( =i$(!# !' $# !/1-i1$i!-( $1$ =#/# $! "1--# $#EU '7-6( $! $# /7/1 NGO( 1-6 CBO(: O-#!/1-i1$i!-, =i" '!"7(#( !- '1i% ;1--i-i((7#(, =1( "!;#$#% ;1/1%#6 9% $# ($/7# i-i$( B!1/6 9#$=##- ;#!;# =! /#;/#(#-$#6 $# !6!v#/-#-$ 1-6 $!(# =! =#/# ;7$ i- $# B!1/6 9%$# N1=1 S1/i' !v#/-#-$: N#"#((1/% -#= ($1 "!76 -!$ 9# i/#6 1-6, i- $# #-6, $# Di/#"$!/ =1(>/#6 1( # =1( (##- $! 9# $!! ;!i$i"1 i:#: $!! 7"

i- i-# =i$ $# ;/#vi!7( !v#/-#-$5:

Ti( "1(# ($76% i( 1 ;/i# #


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1 9#$$#/.;1i6 1-6 9#$$#/.#7i;;#6 "!;#$i$!/ $!=1$ =!76 -!/1% 9# !v#/-#-$/#(;!-(i9ii$i#(. T#% 1/# $#/#'!/# /#7"$1-$ $!1;;/!v# !' 1i6 ;1"?1#( $1$ i-v#($ #1vi% i- $#NGO (#"$!/ 1-6 i-!/# $# -##6( !' $#

!v#/-#-$1 ($/7"$7/#(: NGO( /#(;!-(# i( 7(71%$! 1""7(# $# !v#/-#-$ !' /##6i-#(( 1-6"!//7;$i!- i-($#16 !' 166/#((i- $#(# '#1/( '1"# !-:T#% 1"$i!- i( (ii1/ $! 1 "i6 1v!i6i- ;7-i(#-$'/! 1 ;1/#-$ 9#"17(# $#% ?-!= $#% 1/# $!! v1719#K NGO( 1/# =# 1=1/# $1$ $#% 1/# $#'1v!/i$#( !' $# i-$#/-1$i!-1 1i6 "!7-i$% 1-6 1"$i- $i( /#"?#(( i//#(;!-(i9# 1--#/:

I-$#/#($i-% #-!7, NGO( 1"$ivi$i#( 1v# 9##-7#($i!-#6: D#(;i$# $#i/ ;!;71/i$%, #-7i-#

"!-"#/-( 19!7$ $#i/ '7-"$i!-( 1v# 9##-("/7$i-i#6: T# i-$#/-1$i!-1 "1i $1$ NGO( 6!/#1% /#1" $# ;!!/, 1-6 6! (! i- 1 "!($.##"$iv#1-6 i--!v1$iv# =1% i( -!= 9#i- #v171$#6:T/16i$i!-1%, NGO( 1/# !!6 1$ 1?i- 9i "1i(,97$ #(( !!6 1$ "/i$i"1% #v171$i- $#i/1"i#v##-$(: M1-% NGO( (;#1? !' #v171$i!-,=#- 1 $#% 6! i( !-i$!/ =1$ $#% 6!:M!-i$!/i- i( #1(7/i- 1"$ivi$%K Ev171$i!- i(#1(7/i- i;1"$:

F7/$#/!/#, NGO( $#-6 $! 1?# 1 (!- 1-6 61-"#19!7$ $#i/ 71-$i>19# /#(7$( %#$ $# !/#i-$/i"1$# 1$$#/( !' i;!/$1-"# 1/# -##"$#6: I- $#;1($, 1-% #v171$i!-( !' NGO( 1( /#v!v#6 1/!7-6$# #"1-i"( !' $#i/ ;/!"#((#(K -79#/( !' ;#!;#$/1i-#6, 1!7-$( !' #7i;#-$ (7;;i#6 !/ -79#/1-6 61$#( !' =!/?(!;( #6: B7$ v#/% '#= NGO#v171$i!-( 1-(=#/ 7#($i!-( (7" 1( =1$ =1( $#71i$% !' !"1 ;1/$i"i;1$i!- H1( $# $1/#$ /!7;9#-#>$#6 '/! $# ;/!#"$ H1v# $# ;!!/#($ /!7;(i-"/#1(#6 $#i/ (#'./#i1-"# 1-6 "1;1"i$% $! 6#1

=i$ $# =!/6 1/!7-6 $#

T# /#1(!- 9#i-6 $i( 1"? !' 1$$#-$i!- i( -!$ 1(16i($i" !-# /i66#6 =i$ "!-(;i/1"i#(: R1$#/ $#(i;# "17(# '!/ $i( 1v!i61-"# i#( i- $# 6ii"7$%$! "#1/% #v171$# $# i;1"$ !' NGO =!/?: NGO(=!/? i- $# (!"i1 6#v#!;#-$ (#"$!/, =i" i( 1 !$!/# "!;i"1$#6 $1-, (1%, $# "!-($/7"$i!- !' $79#


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=#( !/ 9/i6#(: *!7 "1- #1(7/# $# i;1"$ !' 1-#=% "!-($/7"$#6 61, 97$ != 6! %!7 #1(7/# $#1$$1i-#-$ !' 1- !9#"$iv# i?# #;!=#/#-$ !' $#/7/1 ;!!/ !/ $# i;/!v##-$ !' $# (i$71$i!- !' =!#- 1-6 "i6/#-

Ti( /#"!-i$i!- 1( $/i#/#6 6!-!/( $! ($!;i-(i($i- !- i;1"$ #v171$i!-(, /#(7$i- i- i.$!7$ !7$ ;/!/1( (7" 1( $# RSDP, =i"i-v#($( !-#% i- 1 '#= 1/# !/1-i1$i!-( i- $#!;# $1$ i$ =i $/i"?# 6!=- $! $# ;!!/ ;#!;# !' P1?i($1-: T# #;1(i( !' -##6 1( $/1-('#//#6$!=1/6( ($/#(( !- "!-$/! 1-6 1""!7-$19ii$% i- $#NGO (#"$!/: D!-!/( -!= $1?# 1 !/# 1"$iv# /!# i-$i( ;/!"#67/#: T# $/7# 1i i( -!$ $! i;!(# !- $#=1% NGO( ?##; $#i/ 9!!?( /1$#/ $#% 1((i($ i-

#;i- >-6 =1%( $! 1((#(( 1"i#v##-$, =i$!7$"/#1$i- 1 !$ !' ;1;#/=!/? 1-6 7--#"#((1/%97/#17"/1"% $! #-(7/# $1$ 1i6 !-#% i( =i(#%7(#6:

5.5.3 !e "onors #ttitude

In *akistan, donors? attitude toward working style of $%&s is alsovery complex. They respond quite slow on reports and news such as

corruption and misappropriation of funds within their partners?

organisations. 6ontinuation of higher funding on recommendations of @consultants@ #most of the time friends of $%& owners' and withoutassessing the capacity of an organisation or evaluation of the previous

progress are ma!or causes. eak monitoring by the donors is another

factor that promotes corruption within $%&s. The $%&s take shelter by using western !argon such as autonomy to an organization,

participatory decisions or consensus etc. :ikeness and dislike ness to

fund $%&s and reluctancy to work with rural"based $%&s are other reasons that have bring the $%&"sector of *akistan at this situation.

,.,.* eneft& o' %ei&te%in !n N4O in !-1-"i1 1((i($1-"# '/!!v#/-#-$ 1#-"i#( 1-6 !"1, -1$i!-1 &i-$#/-1$i!-1 6!-!/(: O$#/ 9#-#>$( $1$ 1/# 9#i#v#6


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$! != '/! /#i($/1$i!- 1/# 7i61-"# 1-6 #; '/!/##v1-$ /#i($/1$i!- 17$!/i$i#(, "!-$/1"$( '7-6( 1-6(7;;!/$ '/! $# /##v1-$ 6#;1/$#-$(, $1< #-# 1-6 ;/!!$# "/#1$iv# (!7$i!-($! $# ;/!9#( $1$ 1/# 9#i- ;/!v#6 1( $! 9# 1 i-6/1-"# i- $#(!"i1 6#v#!;#-$, ;/i1/i% i- $# /#i!- !' A(i1 1-6 A'/i"1: I$ i( 1-!-.6#-!i-1$i!-1, i-$#/-1$i!-1 1#-"% =i" 1( 9/1-"#( 1-6i-6#;#-6#-$ 1ii1$#( i- 2 "!7-$/i#(: T# F!7-61$i!- 1vi- 1 (1($1, 1 1/# -79#/ !' "!.!;#/1$i- 1#-"i#( 1-6 $!7(1-6( !'

v!7-$##/( /#1"#( !7$ $! v7-#/19# ;!;71$i!- !- $!7/ "!-$i-#-$(,i//#(;#"$iv# !' $#i/ /1"#, /#ii!-, ;!i$i"1 ;#/(71(i!- !/ #-6#/: I-, i$ '7-6#6 20 ;/!#"$( i- 3 "!7-$/i#( 1-6 (;#-$ 88: ii!-:

;.1 So)%ce& o' -)n"inT# F!7-61$i!- /i(#( i$( '7-6i- $/!7

• B#i- $# '!7-6#/ 1-6 "1i/1- !' $# F!7-61$i!-, Hi(

Hi-#(( $# A1 @1- ;/!vi6#( $# F!7-61$i!- =i$


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T# '!7-61$i!- 1( i$( ($/!- /!!$( - 9!$ $# 6#v#!;#6 1-66#v#!; i- =!/6(: E-1-"i- #"1-i(( 1-6 91(i" (#/vi"#( =i##-19i- "!7-i$i#( $! 16!;$ ##"$iv# #1$ ;/1"$i"#(:

T# !1 !' $# '!7-61$i!-’( #1$ ;/!/1# i( $!1"i#v# (7($1i-19# i;/!v##-$ i- #1$ ($1$7( 1!-

v7-#/19# /!7;(, #(;#"i1% $# #!/1;i"1% /#!$#,=!#- !' "i69#1/i- 1#, 1-6 $# "i6/#- 7-6#/ >v#:F/## ($1-6i- "!7-i$%.91(#6 #1$ ;/!/1#(,(7;;!/$#6 9% $# '!7-61$i!- 1-6 !$#/ 6!-1/(, (7""##6#6i- 1"i#vi- #1$ i;/!v##-$( '!/ 1-6 ii$#6 $i# 1$1 /#1$iv#% != "1($: T# '!7-61$i!- -!= (7;;!/$(i-$#/v#-$i!-( $1$ 97i6 $# i-($i$7$i!-1 "1;1"i$% !' #1$ (%($# 9%

• S$/#-$#-i- 1-6 6#v#!;i- ;1/$-#/(i;(9#$=##- 1 ($1?#!6#/( '/! $# ($1$# $! $#

"!7-i$%:• P/!!$i- ;!i"% 6i1!7# 1-6 #"1-i(( $!

6#v#!; 1-6 (7($1i- #1$ (%($#( 1-6 (#/vi"#:

• D!"7#-$i- 1-6 6i((#i-1$i- 9#($ ;/1"$i!(:

T# '!7-61$i!- -!$ !-% =!/? $! ($/#-$#- #1$(%($#( 1-6 (#/vi"#( 97$ 1(! ;/!vi6# i-'!/1$i!- $!1v!i6 i-#((: T# '!7-61$i!- 1(! i;##-$( i-"!##-#/1$i- ($/1$#i#( $1$ 1!=( !7(#!6( 1-6"!7-i$i#( $! 1"7i/# 9#$$#/ -7$/i$i!- 1-6 #1$($1$7(:

;.*.2 E")c!tion@T# '!7-61$i!- 1( 1 1!/ !1 $! i;/!v# $# 71i$% !' 91(i" #67"1$i!- 9% 1 ;/!/1# !' /1-$( $!!v#/-#-$( 1-6 NGO(: I$( '!7/ !9#"$iv#( (#$ $# =i6#/1#-61 !' $# '!7-61$i!-

E-(7/i- 9#$$#/ #1/% #1//i- 1-6 #1/-i-

#-vi/!-#-$ '!/ %!7- "i6/#- I-"/#1(i- 1""#(( $! #67"1$i!-


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@##;i- "i6/#- i- ("!! !-#/

I-"/#1(i- #v#( !' 1"16#i" 1"i#v##-$(

T# '!7-61$i!- ;1%( (;#"i1 1$$#-$i!- $! $# i/(, $# v#/%;!!/ 1- #!/1;i"1% /#!$# ;!;71$i!- ;1/$i"71/%, $#'!7-61$i!- '!"7(#( !' '!7/ !' $# '1"$!/( $1$ 1$$#($ $#71i$% !' 91(i" #67"1$i!-:

T# !"1$i!- $ii- 1-6 "!-$#-$( !'

$#1"#/ $/1i-i-: P/!'#((i!-1 6#v#!;#-$ '!/ 1

"1$#!/i#( !' #67"1$!/( 1-6"1/#iv#/(:

T# /!# !' !v#/-#-$(, NGO(,

"!7-i$i#( 1-6 ;1/#-$( i- >-1-"i-1-6 1-1i- #67"1$i!-:

T# "7$7/1 1-6 #"!-!i" /##v1-"#

!' $# "7//i"77:

T# '!7-61$i!- (7;;!/$( $# #67"1$i!- ;/!#"$( 1( =# 1( i$($i71$#( $# 6#v#!;#-$ !' $# #67"1$i!- !' %!7-"i6/#-: T# '!7-61$i!- i( =!/?i- i- (7" #-vi/!-#-$=#/# 1-% $#1"#/( 1v# -! !/# $1- ;/i1/%.#v##67"1$i!- $#: T# '!7-61$i!- i( ;/!vi6i- $# $/1i-i-$/!7 /#(!7/"# "#-$#/(:

;.*.$ R)%! De#eop(ent@T# A1 @1- F!7-61$i!- i( "!i$$#6 $! /#67"i- /7/1;!v#/$%, ;1/$i"71/% i- /#(!7/"# ;!!/, 6#/16#6 !/ /#!$#

#-vi/!-#-$: I$ "!-"#-$/1$#( !- 1 (1 -79#/ !' ;/!/1#( !' (i-i>"1-$ ("1#: T#(# ;/!/1#($%;i"1% i-? ###-$( (7" 1( /7/1 (1vi- 1-6 "/#6i$,-1$7/1 /#(!7/"# 1-1##-$, ;/!67"$iv# i-'/1($/7"$7/#6#v#!;#-$, i-"/#1(#6 ;/!67"$ivi$% 1-6 71- (?i6#v#!;#-$: T# '!7-61$i!- 1( 1 ($/1$#% $! "/#1$# !/($/#-$#- 1- i-($i$7$i!-1 ($/7"$7/#: I$( $/1i-i-;/!/1#( #-1-"# $# ##"$iv#-#(( 1-6 (7($1i-19ii$% !' $# i-($i$7$i!-( 9% ;/!vi6i- $# 1-1##-$ 1-6 $#"-i"1(?i( $! ;1-, i;##-$ 1-6 1i-$1i- !"1 6#v#!;#-$1"$ivi$i#(: T# '!7-61$i!- i( 1(! $1?i- ($#;( '!/ $# =#'1/#!' /7/1 1/#1( (7" 1(

• I-"!# /!=$ i( ;/!!$#6 9% i-"/#1(i- 1/i"7$7/1;/!67"$ivi$% $/!7 i;/!v#6 '!/i- #$!6(,i-;7$ (7;;%, 1/?#$i-, 1-6 6#v#!;#-$ 1-61-1##-$ /#'!/( !/ 9% i-"/#1(i- !.'1/i-"!#(:

• L!"1 "1;i$1 i( !9ii#6 9% ;/!!$i- (1vi-( 1-66#v#!;i- >-1-"i1 (#/vi"#( $! #-19# 9/!16 1""#(($! "!-6i$i!- (7($1i-19# 91(i(:


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=.0 CONCLUSION

T# 6i("7((i!- (! '1/ i$ 1;;#1/ $! i;% $1$ 1 NGO( 1/#;!i$i"1% 1"$iv#: Ti( i( !9vi!7(% -!$ $# "1(#, i//#(;#"$iv# !'

$# ;!i$i"1 (i$71$i!- !/ $# i((7# 7-6#/ "!-(i6#/1$i!-: A$ 1-%(;#"i>" ;!i-$ i- $i#, 1- NGO 1% 1v# i$$# "!-$1"$ =i$ $!(#=! 1/# -!$ #9#/(: O- $# !$#/ 1-6, 1 "1-# i- (!"i#$%$1$ i( (1i#-$ $! $# /!7; "1- !$iv1$# 1- i-$/!(;#"$iv# NGO$! #-1# i- (7($1i-#6 ;!i$i"1 1"$i!-: I$ i( "#/$1i-% -!$ $/7#$1$ 1 NGO( 1/# 1"$iv# i- !91 ;!i$i"(: I$ i( -!$ #v#- $/7#$1$ 1 NGO( 1$$#;$ $! i-7#-"# ;!i$i"( 1$ $# "!7-$/% #v#,i- $# -1//!= (#-(# !' 6i/#"$ #-1##-$ i- $# 6#91$# !v#/;79i" ;!i"%: H!=#v#/, ;!i$i"( 1% 1(! 9# (##-, !/# 9/!16%,1( $# ;/!"#(( 9% =i" 1-% (#$ !' ;#!;# /#1"#( 1 "!#"$iv#6#"i(i!-: Ti( #1-( $1$ 1$$#;$( 9% 1- NGO $! !9ii#

i-6ivi671( 1-6 "1-# $#i/ ;#/(!-1 9#1vi!/, $! =i- (7;;!/$'/! 1 /#ii!7( /!7; !/ 1 $/16# 7-i!-, !/ $! 1/$i"71$# $#i/ v17#( i- $# -#=( #6i1 1/# 1 '!/( !' ;!i$i"1 1"$i!-: L#1(%($#( 1% "1((i'% /1i(i- !-#% '!/ ;7/;!(#( (7" 1(;!v#/$% 1#vi1$i!-, 6i(1($#/ /#i#' !/ #-vi/!-#-$1"!-(#/v1$i!- 1( -!-.;!i$i"1, 97$ $# #1 6i($i-"$i!- 9#$=##-"1/i$19# 1-6 ;!i$i"1 1"$ivi$% i( 1=1%( 91(#6 !- 1- 1/9i$/1/%,i!i"1 1-6 "!-$/!v#/(i1 6#>-i$i!- !' ;!i$i"(: M1-% NGO( =i-!$ (## $#(#v#( 1( #-1i- 6i/#"$% i- ;79i" ;!i"%, 97$$#i/ 1"$ivi$i#( 1/# 1=1%( 1 (!"i1 #"1-"#: T#i;1"$ !' 1 ;1/$i"71/ NGO 1% v1/% 1"/!(( $i# 1-6 ;1"#, 1-6'/! !-# i((7# $! 1-!$#/, 97$ "!#"$iv#% NGO( #-#/1$# $#6%-1i"( !' ;!i$i"1 "1-#: # 1v# (##- $1$ $#/# i( !'$#-

1- 1((7;$i!- $1$ NGO( 1/# !;#/1$i- '!/ $# #-#/1 ;79i"!!6 !/ #v#- $1$ $#% 1/# ;/!/#((iv#: H!=#v#/, $#/# i( (7"6iv#/(i$% $! $# v17#( 16v!"1$#6 9% 6i#/#-$ NGO( $1$ $#%!;;!(# #1" !$#/, 1( =# 1( ;7$$i- ;/#((7/# !- !v#/-#-$(1-6 "!;1-i#(: M1-% =!#-( NGO( !;;!(# /#ii!7( NGO( !-7#($i!-( !' (#


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;#/(;#"$iv#( !- (7($1i-19# 6#v#!;#-$ '/! #1" !$#/: M1-%/16i"1 NGO( 1/# !($i# $! /#'!/i($ NGO( =! 1""#;$i-"/##-$1 "1-#: I$ i( -!$ !i"1% ;!((i9# '!/ 1-%9!6% $!(7;;!/$ 1 NGO( -!/ i-6##6 $! 9# !($i# $! 1 NGO(: M1-%!v#/-#-$ #16#/( #


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$# ;!i$i"1 ;1/$i#(, $# #6i1 1-6 (!"i#$% 1( 1 =!# ;7$7#($i!-( !- $# ;!i$i"1 1#-61, '!/71$# 1$#/-1$iv# ;!i"%;/!;!(1( 1-6 "/i$i"i# $# ;!i"% !' $# !v#/-#-$: O- $i(91(i(, 1-% NGO 1( 1 /i$ $! ;1/$i"i;1$#, !=#v#/ 1/# !/(1 1-6 !=#v#/ /#;/#(#-$1$iv# !/ 7-/#;/#(#-$1$iv# !' 1

;1/$i"71/ (#"$!/ !' (!"i#$% i$ 1% 9#: I-6##6, i- 9!$ 6!#($i"1-6 !91 ;!i$i"(, ;!i"%.1?i- "!76 -!$ 9# 6#!"/1$i"=i$!7$ $# 1"$iv# ;1/$i"i;1$i!- !' NGO(: N#v#/$##((, $#i/#i$i1$# /!# i- (7($1i-i- 1- i-6#;#-6#-$ "ivi (!"i#$% 6!#(-!$ iv# $# 1-% /i$ $! (7;;1-$ $# /!# !' !v#/-#-$(:

Govt. Business and Civil Society

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