Governance in Canada Canadian citizens are governed by three levels of government in Canada. These...
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Transcript of Governance in Canada Canadian citizens are governed by three levels of government in Canada. These...
![Page 1: Governance in Canada Canadian citizens are governed by three levels of government in Canada. These are: Municipal Provincial Federal Each level of government.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022072017/56649f045503460f94c179b0/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Governance in Canada
• Canadian citizens are governed by three levels of government in Canada. These are:
• Municipal • Provincial • Federal
• Each level of government has different responsibilities, yet cooperation between levels of government is common when dealing with significant issues such as health care, and immigration.
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Political terms
• Democracy – means government by the people.• Representative Democracy – form of
government in which individuals are chosen to represent a riding, constituency or group.
• Ridings/Constituencies – an area that is represented in parliament.
• Representatives – individuals elected by voters to represent a geographic area in government.
• Constituents – people who live in a riding or a constituency.
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Political terms Continued..
• Federal Government – national government dealing with concerns of the nation as a whole.
• Provincial Government – government dealing with the concerns of the province.
• Municipal Government – a form of local council, concerned with looking after local matters under the direction of the provincial government.
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• Elections – the process of voting for representatives, open in Canada to all citizens 18 years of age or older.
• Candidates – individuals who run in an election, hoping to become the elected representative for the riding.
• Political Party – an organized group formed by individuals who have similar views on public issues.
Political terms Continued..
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• Ministers – members of parliament/assembly selected to be part of the cabinet.
• Prime Minister – leader of the largest party in the House of Commons, which forms the
federal government.• Premier – leader of the largest party in the
assembly, which forms the provincial government.
Political terms Continued..
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• Opposition – members of parliament who do not belong to the governing party.
• Caucus – the members of parliament or assembly in the same party.
• Cabinet – selected members of parliament from the governing party responsible for the most major decisions; members of the cabinet, called “ministers,” must have the support of the majority of the elected representatives in order to govern.
Political terms Continued..
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Three branches of government in Canada
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Responsibilities of the Federal Government
• Trade and Commerce • Taxation • Postal Service • National Defense • Penitentiaries • Sea Coasts • Inland Fisheries • Criminal Law • Banking • Weights and Measures • Patents and Copyright • First Nations/Aboriginal Affairs • Currency • International Affairs
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Provincial Responsibilities • Property and Civil Rights • All Provincial Agencies • Direct Taxation • Sales of Public Land • Natural Resources • Municipal Affairs • Administration of Justice • Prison System • Hospitals • Licenses • Local Works • All matters of Local and Private Nature • •
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Municipal Government
• - Snow removal• - Garbage removal• - Fire protection• - Local police• - Water supply• - Sewage• - Public transit• - Recreational facilities• - Streets• - Streetlights
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What is Politics?
• Politics is the way in which we organize ourselves so that the members of our society can live together in peace and security;
• Our society is made up of many groups with different values and concerns.
• Politics is the system we have for working out a balance among the interests of different groups in our society. Our political system gives each of these groups a variety of ways to make their concerns felt.
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Government in Our Lives
• Canada is governed as a democracy. Democracy means government by the people.
• In our culture, one of the strongest values that we share is the right of people to participate in the way they are governed. Because people, do differ -governments must respond in many different ways.
• We have a federal government based in Ottawa to deal with the concerns of the nation as a whole.
• We have a provincial government that addresses more regional concerns.
• We also have municipal governments that look after local matters under the direction and authority of the provincial government.
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Government in Our Lives• The politicians who work at all of these levels of government
represent the people that elected them to their positions. • Our system of government is based on the principle of
representative democracy. • Canada is divided up into areas called ridings or constituencies. The
voters in each riding elect one person to represent them at each of the various levels of government.
• Representatives elected to the federal level of government are called Members of Parliament (MPs).
• In the Maritimes, representatives to the provincial legislature are called Members of the Legislative Assembly (MLAs).
• Representatives to municipal governments are usually called councilors.
• All of these representatives make decisions in government based on the wished and needs of their constituents– the people who live in their riding.
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The House of Commons
• There are 308 elected members in the House of Commons.
• • 11 members are from Nova
Scotia • • The House of Commons is
in Ottawa, Ontario • • The Conservative Party has
a minority Government.
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PARTY STANDINGS40th Parliament
Province / Territory C.P.C.
Lib. B.Q.N.D.P
.Ind.
Vacant
Total
Alberta 27 1 28
British Columbia 22 5 9 36
Manitoba 9 1 4 14
New Brunswick 6 3 1 10
Newfoundland and Labrador 6 1 7
Nova Scotia 4 5 2 11
Nunavut 1 1
Ontario 51 38 17 106
Prince Edward Island 1 3 4
Quebec 11 14 48 1 1 75
Saskatchewan 13 1 14
Northwest Territories 1 1
Yukon 1 1
TOTAL 145 77 48 37 1 308
For further information, contact the Journals Branch - 613-992-2038
Last Update: November 23, 2009
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The Senate
• The Senate is one of the two houses of the legislature of Canada.
•
• Senators are appointed by the Governor-General.