Good Morning
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Transcript of Good Morning
![Page 1: Good Morning](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022032605/56812b84550346895d8fa261/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Good Morning
Please take out your notes from last night.
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1. What form of government did you form to maintain order in the Island experiment?
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2. Why would Greece’s geography lead to the creation of city-state controlled government?
• Greece is made up of islands and mountains. It is difficult to travel around the country of Greece.
• The Individual city-state made their own government to establish laws for their citizens.
• Not all city states had the same laws.
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3. What is a monarchy?
• A monarchy is rule by one individual, usually a king or queen.
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4. What is an aristocracy?
• An aristocracy is a government ruled by a small group of noble, land owning families.
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5. Why did oligarchy governments form?
• Trade expanded and wealthy merchants wanted to share or take power from the nobility.
• A few powerful people, non-nobles control the government.
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6. Of these three forms of government, which would you prefer to live under and why?
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7. What does democracy mean?
• Democracy means rule of the people. It comes from the Greek words demos meaning “people” and kratos meaning “power”
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8. Who were the citizens of Athens and how did they participate in government?
• Citizens were adult male residents who enjoyed certain rights and responsibilities.
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9. Who ruled in the city of Athens?
• An assembly of citizens elected three nobles to rule the city state.
• After a year of service the nobles became part of a larger council of advisors.
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10. Why is it a privilege to be able to take part in the political process?
• Can make the rules. • Influence where tax
revenues are spent. • Can push a specific
agenda to be addressed by the legislature.
• Have your opinion heard.
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11. What are the three stages that the poor farmers went through to try to pay their debts?
• The farmers pledged part of the crops to wealthy landowners.
• They later pledged their lands.
• Finally they sold themselves into slavery and were unable to leave the land.
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12. How did Solon’s reforms enable Athens to avoid a revolution and civil war?
• Solon passed a law outlawing slavery based on debt and cancelled farmers’ debts.
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13. What did Solon base his class system on?
• Solon based his four class system on wealth rather than heredity.
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14. How did Solon’s reforms allow for more participation in government? Give at least 3 examples:
• The citizens of the three upper classes could hold public office.
• Even the lowest class had the right to vote.
• All free adult males were citizens.
• Council of 400 was established.
• Any citizen could bring charges against wrong doers.
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15. Why is the system of government under Solon known as a limited democracy?
• Only citizens could participate in government and only one-tenth of the population were citizens at the time.
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16. Who were denied citizen rights in Athens? Why might this be a problem in the future?
• Women, slaves and foreign residents were denied citizenship.
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17. Why is Cleisthenes considered the founder of democracy in Athens?
• Cleisthenes made more reforms to allow for more participation in government.
• He reorganized the assembly to balance the power between the power of the rich and poor.
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18. How did he increase the power of the assembly?
• He allowed all citizens to submit laws for debate and passage
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19. What did the Council of 500 do?
• The Council proposed laws and counseled the assembly.
• Members were chosen at random
• It allowed Athenian citizens to participate in a limited democracy.
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20. How did the Greek wars against the Persians strengthen democracy?
• The Greek city states had to work together to defeat the Persian forces.
• In Athens public debates were held to discuss how to defend the city.
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21. How did Pericles strengthen Greek democracy?
• Pericles strengthened Greek democracy by increasing the number of paid public officials and by paying jurors.
• This enabled poorer citizens to participate in the government.
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22. What is a direct democracy?
• A direct democracy is a form of government in which citizens rule and make laws directly rather than through representatives.
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23. How did democracy in Greece come to an end?
• Democracy came to and end when Athens and Sparta went to war.
• The weakened city-states were conquered by neighboring Macedonia.
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24. What are the two main assumptions made by the Greek philosophers of the fourth century B.C.?
• The universe is put together in an orderly way and is subject to absolute and unchanging laws.
• People can understand these laws through logic and reason.
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25. Why are these assumptions also know as natural laws?
• They occur in nature and apply to everyone.
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26. What did Socrates encourage his students to do?
• Socrates encouraged his students to challenge their most closely held beliefs.
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27. What is Plato’s vision of the perfect society?
• Plato’s vision of a perfect society is lead by Philosopher Kings.
• Not the richest or most powerful, but the wisest.
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28. What is Aristotle’s view on man’s natural desire?
• Aristotle’s view is that man is by nature a political animal, and it is in mans nature to live in a state.
• To live with rules and know that the laws will be enforced to maintain safety and order in society.
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29. List five ways in which the Ancient Greek and modern U.S. democracy are the same:
• Political Power exercised by citizens.
• Three branches of government.
• Legislative branch passes laws.
• Executive branch carries out the laws.
• Judicial Branch conducts trials with paid jurors.
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Quiz questions
• Write 5 multiple choice quiz questions based on these notes.