Good Afternoon!

1. NVC

2. Complete Opium War activity

3. China’s “Century of Humiliation”

Essential Question: Why did Great Britain fight the first Opium War?Homework: Study for Test on FRIDAY!

Why did Britain fight the Opium War?

Opium War Debrief

• Knowing that Great Britain did fight the first Opium War against China, why do you think Parliament found Macaulay’s speech more convincing than Gladstone’s?

• Do you think there were any other factors or motives at play that led Britain to go to war with China? What might those be?

• In his speech, William Gladstone called the Opium War one of the most unjust wars ever fought? Do you agree?

The Century of Humiliation• Treaty of Nanking: result of the

Opium War– extraterritorial rights: Europeans

do not have to follow Chinese laws

• Taiping Rebellion: massive uprising led by a Christian seeking to overthrow Qing Dynasty– 20+ million dead

• Open Door Policy: Imperialist nations have free access to China’s resources– Result of several imperialist wars– China now completely

dominated by foreign powers

Rise of Chinese Nationalism• 1898 Chinese frustrated and

Qing Dynasty doing nothing to reform

• 1900 Boxer Rebellion– “Boxers”: Poor peasants and

workers angry at Europeans and foreign influence

– Rebellion crushed, but viewed as heroes

• Sun Yat-sen: “The Father of the Nation”– “Three Principles of the People”:

Nationalism, Democracy, and the people’s livelihood

– 1911 revolution overthrows Qing Dynasty Republic of China created