Gokul C Das, Ph. D Department of Medicine Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
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Gokul C Das, Ph. DDepartment of Medicine
Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
4th World Virology CongressSan Antonio
October 6-8, 2014
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HCV is considered as a metabolic disease
Over 170 million people world wide is infected with HCV, are at high risk for hepC, liver cirrhosis, liver cancer or type II diabetes.
Induces insulin resistance (IR); IR accelerates the progression of liver disease and makes treatment difficult
Needs a successful vaccine and/or an well- tolerated and cost-effective treatment strategy.
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Questions?
How does chronic HCV infection induce insulin resistance (IR)?
How does IR affect the outcome of IFN-based therapeutic response?
How to develop a well-tolerated and cost effective treatment strategy?
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DISRUPTION IN INSULIN SIGNALING
DISTURBANCE IN GLUCOSE
HOMEOSTASIS
IDENTIFY mi RNA TARGETSAND PATHWAYS INVOLVED
HUMANIZED MICE MODEL
DEVELOPMENT OF INSULIN RESISTANCE AND
MOLECULAR BASIS OF IRAND IFN RESPONSE
OUR GOALS AND STRATEGY
THERAPEUTIC DEVELOPMENT
CHRONIC INFECTION IN LIVER CELL LINE
(Huh. HCV2a)
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Plasma Membrane
PI-3K GSK-3 GlycogenSynthase(GS)
Insulin
Beclin 1 Bcl-2/Bcl-XL
Apoptosis
IRc
Insulin
IRS-1/2
GlutVesicle
Autophagy
Glut
Akt473
Glycogen Synthesis
Glucoseuptake
mTORC1/C2
IRc
Insulin signaling pathway
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Reduced glucose uptake in infected Cells
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Huh Huh+Ins Huh.HCV Huh.HCV+Ins
3H
-de
ox
y-2
-glu
co
se
(C
PM
X1
0-2
)
*
*
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*
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MOI: 0 2 10
.03 .05 .06 .16 .47 1.22
Fig. 5C
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Huh Huh.HCV 50 100 50 100
IRS-1 .06 .03 .99 1.01p-IRS-1 .07 .04 1.22 .90
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p- Akt .36 .54 1.38 1.92 p-GSK-3α .06 .03 .05 .04 p-GSK-3β 1.49 1.37 1.31 1.20
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MOI: 0 1 2
Atg12-Atg5 .65 .78 1.30 1.38 1.32 2.61Beclin1 .15 .27 1.16 1.05 1.49 2.44
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Inhibition of autophagy reduces IRS-1Ser312 and GS Ser641 phosphorylation
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AMPK-mTOR pathway: AMPK phosphorylation and inhibition by IFNα
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AMPK ---- 0.34 0.54 0.48 0.35 0.25 0.23 0.48 0.52P-AMPK ---- 0.23 0.19 1.40 0.53 0.80 0.80 0.01 0.01Ratio 0.60 0.40 2.90 1.60 3.20 3.50 0.02 0.02
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S- 0.31 .08 1.45 0.77 0.71
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IRc
PI-3K
mTORmTOR
TYK2JAK1
IRS-1/2
IRS-1/2
PI-3KAkt
Akt
GSK-3α/BGlycogen synthase
IFN R1/2
Autophagy
Glucoseuptake
IFN R1/2
TYK2 JAK1
STATs
ISG
Insulin IFN IFN
Protein Translation
Cross talk between Insulin and IFN signaling
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Fig.8. Strategy for inhibition of major target proteins (Akt, Gsk-3, mTOR, AMPK) and effect on the pathway
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Summary and Discussion HCV infected cells show disruption in glucose
homeostasis (reduced glucose uptake and inactivation of GS by Ser641) and it is activated within 2 weeks
Insulin signaling pathway ( IRS-1-PI-3K-Akt-GSK-3) is dysregulated
Autophagy is linked with IR and inhibition of autophagy inhibits IRS-1, GSK-3 beta and GS ser 641 phosphorylation
Key proteins from all three major pathways interact Phosphorylation of GSK-3 beta, AMPK or mTOR are all
inhibited by IFN-alpha suggesting as potential therapeutic targets.
Phosphorylation of GSK-3 beta, AMPK and mTOR
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AcknowledgementBlaine Hollinger, MD
David Gallardo Charles Rice, MDWei Chen Robert Purcell, MDCai Guangquo Stan Lemon, MDLiping Bai, MD T. Wakita, MDKarina Zheng, MD George Luo, MD Xianfan Huang, Ph.D
Funding:Eugene B Casey FundCarpenter fund Gulf Coast Regional Blood Center, Houston