Goal #5 Classification. I. Species = group of organisms that share similar characteristics that can...
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![Page 1: Goal #5 Classification. I. Species = group of organisms that share similar characteristics that can breed to produce fertile offspring ~ 1.5 million different.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062409/56649d0a5503460f949dc2d1/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Goal #5
Classification
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I. I. SpeciesSpecies = group = group of organisms of organisms that share that share similar similar characteristics characteristics that can breed to that can breed to produce produce fertilefertile offspringoffspring
• ~ 1.5 million different spp
• ~ 2 -100 million not discovered
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II. Classification of Organisms
• Common names of org. are usually used outside of science– bird– Sea horse– Cougar, mountain lion, panther,
pumaA. Taxonomy = classification of
organsims by assigning each organism a name– Use Latin and Greek language
(18th century)1. Taxon: level of
organization in taxonomy (group)
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B. Binomial Nomenclature= Two-word naming system of org.
(each species has a two-part scientific name)– Always write name in italics– 1st word is genus (capitalized),– 2nd word is species and is lowercase– Example: Homo sapiens
• Developed by Carolus Linnaeus– 18th century
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Section 18-1
Flowchart
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Common Name: Albino Brown Rat
Kingdom: AnimaliaPhylum: ChordataClass: MammaliaOrder: RodentiaFamily: MuridaeGenus: Rattus
Species: norvegicus
Common Name: Green Tree Frog
Kingdom: AnimaliaPhylum: ChordataClass: Amphibia
Order: AnuraFamily: Hylidae
Genus: HylaSpecies: cinerea
Common Name: Human Species
Kingdom: AnimaliaPhylum: ChordataClass: MammaliaOrder: Primates
Family: HominidaeGenus: Homo
Species: sapiens
Common Name: Red Crayfish
Kingdom: AnimaliaPhylum: ArthropodaClass: Malacostraca
Order: DecapodaFamily: CambaridaeGenus: Procambarus
Species: clarkii
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Human SpeciesKingdom: Animalia…. animalsPhylum: Chordata…. spinal chordClass: Mammalia… warm blood, fur, milk, lungs, live birthOrder: Primates… 5 fingers, thumbs, color vision, omnivoresFamily: Hominidae… humans, chimps, gorillas, orangutansGenus: Homo… erect posture, large cranium, bipedal, tool-usingSpecies: sapiens… ground-dwelling, tail-less, hands-free, speech & language
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Whose name is it?Homo sapiensMus musculusUrsus horribilisCanis familianisFelis domesticus
Panthera leoHelianthus annuusAcinonyx jubatus
Rana pipiensPinus strobus
Taraxacum oficinale
Human
House Mouse
Grizzly Bear
Dog
Cat
Lion
Sunflower
Cheetah
Frog
Pine Tree
Dandelion
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Grizzly bear Black bear Giant panda
Red fox Abert squirrel
Coral snake
Sea star
KINGDOM Animalia
PHYLUM Chordata
CLASS Mammalia
ORDER Carnivora
FAMILY Ursidae
GENUS Ursus
SPECIES Ursus arctos
Section 18-1
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Common Name: Albino Brown Rat
Kingdom: AnimaliaPhylum: ChordataClass: MammaliaOrder: RodentiaFamily: Muridae
Genus: RattusSpecies: norvegicus
Common Name: Green Tree Frog
Kingdom: AnimaliaPhylum: ChordataClass: Amphibia
Order: AnuraFamily: Hylidae
Genus: HylaSpecies: cinerea
Common Name: Human Species
Kingdom: AnimaliaPhylum: ChordataClass: MammaliaOrder: Primates
Family: HominidaeGenus: Homo
Species: sapiens
Common Name: Red Crayfish
Kingdom: AnimaliaPhylum: ArthropodaClass: Malacostraca
Order: DecapodaFamily: CambaridaeGenus: Procambarus
Species: clarkii
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Human SpeciesKingdom: Animalia…. animalsPhylum: Chordata…. spinal chordClass: Mammalia… warm blood, fur, milk, lungs, live birthOrder: Primates… 5 fingers, thumbs, color vision, omnivoresFamily: Hominidae… humans, chimps, gorillas, orangutansGenus: Homo… erect posture, large cranium, bipedal, tool-usingSpecies: sapiens… ground-dwelling, tail-less, hands-free, speech & language
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Whose name is it?Homo sapiensMus musculusUrsus horribilisCanis familianisFelis domesticus
Panthera leoHelianthus annuusAcinonyx jubatus
Rana pipiensPinus strobus
Taraxacum oficinale
HumanHouse MouseGrizzly Bear
DogCatLion
SunflowerCheetah
FrogPine TreeDandelion
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III. Evolutionary Classification1. Species are placed into taxa based on
evolutionary history, not just physical traits– uses molecular similarities (DNA/RNA) of
organsim
2. Also called phylogenetic classification
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3. Cladogram• A diagram that shows
the evolutionary relationship among a group organisms– Uses derived
characteristics = new characteristics that arise as organisms evolve
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Theropods
Allosaurus
Sinornis
Velociraptor
Archaeopteryx
Robin
Light bones 3-toed foot; wishbone
Down feathers
Feathers withshaft, veins,and barbs
Flight feathers;arms as long
as legs
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C#7: ClassificationWrite a minimum 5 - 7 sentence paragraph explaining why it is important to classify the diversity of living things.
5
Write 10 sentence paragraph about two different species of bears, that illustrates binomial nomenclature. Cite all references used.
10
Draw a cladogram of a manufactured item, such as a car, house-hold item, that has changed over the years. Label derived characters that appeared as new models arose.
10
Research different organisms found in each kingdom. Sketch or use photos to create a poster (full-size) illustrating all the diversity found in each kingdom. Include names of organisms and must be in color
15
Chapter 18 Assessment (1st page of assessment only) 10