G.O.1 Biological diversity is reflected in the variety of life on Earth.

Biodiversity

What does diversity mean? How can we represent “diversity” in a group of students?

“Biodiversity”, or “biological diversity”, refers to all living organisms on the earth. Definition for organism = an organism is any contiguous living

system (such as animal, fungus, micro-organism, or plant). In at least some form, all types of organisms are capable of response to stimuli, reproduction, growth and development, and maintenance of homeostasis as a stable whole.

Scientists study biodiversity in small groupings in order to track changes. Why would they want to track changes? What type of change would they track? What could be done to minimize these changes?

“Why do we have to learn this”

We’re all connected http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9laQwaKOW

8s

Think about every action you have taken today…how many organisms were influenced or required for those actions to take place? Make a list…

WHAT CHARACTERISTICS DO ALL LIVING THINGS HAVE IN

COMMON

All living things have the following in common. They are:

Made up of cellsNeed energygrow and developReproduceHave adaptations

to help them survive

What is a Species?•A species is a particular group of organisms that have the same structure and can reproduce with each other.

• Of the 30 - 100 million possible different species of living things, there are over 1.5 million species of animals and 350.000 species of plants that have been identified by biologists.

• The most successful life form seems to be the insect.

What is an ecosystem?

An ecosystem refers to all the animals and plants found in one place, and the way they all live together.

Different plants and animals live in different ecosystems.

Different ecosystems can be close together.

Some animals belong to several ecosystems.

What are the Components Earth’s biodiversity?

Components of biodiversity:

• Genetic diversity – genetic variation within Geniusor species

• Species diversity – numbers of species within an ecosystem• Diversity among higher taxa – variation between genera, families, orders, etc.• Ecosystem diversity – variation among ecosystems, communities, landscapes

Are different groups of organisms equally diverse?Are different parts of the world equally diverse?

How does diversity change as you move from the north and south poles towards the Equator?

There is _________________________________ biodiversity in the northern Arctic region because

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________.

There is _____________________ biodiversity in the equatorial regions because

______________________

_____________________

_____________________

_____________________

_____________________

There is _____________________________ biodiversity in the southern Antarctic region because

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________.

Geography & Biodiveristy, booklet pg 12

Biological Diversity Classification

The science of classifying organisms is called taxonomy

The “father of modern taxonomy” was Carolus Linnaeus (Carl von Linné)

Organisms are grouped into “taxa” based on their similarities to each other

1707-1778

5 Kingdom Classification System:

Monera: all prokaryotes (bacteria)

Protista: single-celled eukaryotes (protists)

Fungi: multi-cellular heterotrophic sessile eukaryotes

Plantae: multi-cellular autotrophic sessile eukaryotes

Animalia: multi-cellular heterotrophic motile eukaryotes

Classifying Organisms

Kingdom

Phylum (& Subphyla)

Class

Order

Family

Genus

Species

Come up with your own mnuemonic

Human Classification

Kingdom – Animalia

Phylum – Chordata

Class – Mammalia

Order – Primates

Family – Hominidae

Genus – Homo

Species - sapien

Classifying cousins…booklet pg 15

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Mammalia

Order: Carnivora

Family:Canidae

Genus:Canis

Species: C. lupus

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Mammalia

Order: Carnivora

Family:Canidae

Genus:Canis

Species:Canis lycaon

Which species are most related?

Members of the Rosaceae family:

Rosa arvensis

Rubus arcticis

Members of the Iridaceae family.

Iris germanica

Iris persica