Go to Section:

Saving for a Rainy Day

Suppose you earned extra money by having a part-time job. At first, you might be tempted to spend all of the money, but then you decide to open a bank account.

1. What are the benefits of having a bank account?

2. What do you have to do if you need some of this money?

3. What might your body do when it has more energy than it needs to carry out its activities?

4. What does your body do when it needs energy?

Section 8-1

Interest Grabber

Go to Section:

8–1 Energy and LifeA. Autotrophs and Heterotrophs

B. Chemical Energy and ATP

1. Storing Energy

2. Releasing Energy

C. Using Biochemical Energy

Section 8-1

Section Outline

Go to Section:

Adenine Ribose 3 Phosphate groups

Section 8-1

ATP

Go to Section:

ADP ATP

Energy

EnergyAdenosine diphosphate (ADP) + Phosphate Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)

Partiallychargedbattery

Fullychargedbattery

Section 8-1

Figure 8-3 Comparison of ADP and ATP to a Battery

Go to Section:

ADP ATP

Energy

EnergyAdenosine diphosphate (ADP) + Phosphate Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)

Partiallychargedbattery

Fullychargedbattery

Section 8-1

Figure 8-3 Comparison of ADP and ATP to a Battery

Go to Section:

Trapping Energy

Have you ever used a solar-powered calculator? No matter where you go, as long as you have a light source, the calculator works. You never have to put batteries in it.

Section 8-2

Interest Grabber

Go to Section:

1. A solar-powered calculator uses solar cells that are found in rows along the top of the calculator. Into what kind of energy is the light energy converted so that the calculator works?

2. Recall that plants use light energy from the sun to make food. Into what kind of energy is the light energy converted by plants?

3. Most plants, no matter what size or shape they are, have some parts that are green. Which parts of a plant are usually green?

4. What does the green color have to do with the plant’s ability to convert light energy into the energy found in the food it makes?

Section 8-2

Interest Grabber continued

Go to Section:

8–2 Photosynthesis: An OverviewA. Investigating Photosynthesis

1. Van Helmont’s Experiment

2. Priestley’s Experiment

3. Jan Ingenhousz

B. The Photosynthesis Equation

C. Light and Pigments

Section 8-2

Section Outline

Go to Section:

Light Energy

Chloroplast

CO2 + H2O Sugars + O2

Section 8-2

Photosynthesis: Reactants and Products

Go to Section:

Absorption of Light byChlorophyll a and Chlorophyll b

V B G YO R

Chlorophyll b

Chlorophyll a

Section 8-2

Figure 8-5 Chlorophyll Light Absorption

Go to Section:

A Look Into the Future

It is 100 years in the future and you are a research scientist. An enormous volcanic eruption has recently sent huge quantities of dust and ash into the atmosphere.

Working with a partner, make a list of how this event will affect each of the following:

1. photosynthesis

2. plant life

3. animal life

4. human societies

Section 8-3

Interest Grabber

Go to Section:

8–3 The Reactions of PhotosynthesisA. Inside a Chloroplast

B. Electron Carriers

C. Light-Dependent Reactions

D. The Calvin Cycle

E. Factors Affecting Photosynthesis

Section 8-3

Section Outline

Go to Section:

Photosynthesis

includes

of

take place intakes place in uses

to produce to produce

use

Light-dependentreactions

Calvin cycle

Thylakoidmembranes Stroma NADPHATPEnergy from

sunlight

ATP NADPH O2 Chloroplasts High-energysugars

Section 8-3

Concept Map

Go to Section:

Chloroplast

Light

O2

Sugars

CO2

Light-Dependent Reactions

CalvinCycle

NADPH

ATP

ADP + PNADP+Chloroplast

Section 8-3

Figure 8-7 Photosynthesis: An Overview

Go to Section:

HydrogenIon Movement

Photosystem II

InnerThylakoidSpace

ThylakoidMembrane

Stroma

ATP synthase

Electron Transport Chain Photosystem I ATP Formation

Chloroplast

Section 8-3

Figure 8-10 Light-Dependent Reactions

Go to Section:

ChloropIast

CO2 Enters the Cycle

Energy Input

5-CarbonMoleculesRegenerated

Sugars and other compounds

6-Carbon SugarProduced

Section 8-3

Figure 8-11 Calvin Cycle

Videos

Click a hyperlink to choose a video.

ATP Formation

Photosynthesis

Light-Dependent Reactions, Part 1

Light-Dependent Reactions, Part 2

Calvin Cycle

Click the image to play the video segment.

Video 1

ATP Formation

QuickTime™ and a decompressor

are needed to see this picture.

Click the image to play the video segment.

Video 2

Photosynthesis

QuickTime™ and a decompressor

are needed to see this picture.

Click the image to play the video segment.

Video 3

Light-Dependent Reactions, Part 1

QuickTime™ and a decompressor

are needed to see this picture.

Click the image to play the video segment.

Video 4

Light-Dependent Reactions, Part 2

QuickTime™ and a decompressor

are needed to see this picture.

Click the image to play the video segment.

Video 5

Calvin Cycle

QuickTime™ and a decompressor

are needed to see this picture.

ATP activity

Interactive test

For links on Calvin cycle, go to www.SciLinks.org and enter the Web Code as follows: cbn-3082.

For links on photosynthesis, go to www.SciLinks.org and enter the Web Code as follows: cbn-3083.

Go Online

Interest Grabber Answers

1. What are the benefits of having a bank account?

To save money and earn interest.

2. What do you have to do if you need some of this money?

Go to the bank and take out the money you need.

3. What might your body do when it has more energy than it needs to carry out its activities?

Students will likely say that the body stores the energy.

4. What does your body do when it needs energy?

Student answers may include that energy is gotten from food.

Interest Grabber Answers

1. A solar-powered calculator uses solar cells that are found in rows along the top of the calculator. Into what kind of energy is the light energy converted so that the calculator works?

They convert light energy into electrical energy.

2. Recall that plants use light energy from the sun to make food. Into what kind of energy is the light energy converted by plants?

Plants convert light energy into chemical energy.

3. Most plants, no matter what size or shape they are, have some parts that are green. Which parts of a plant are usually green?

Leaves are green, as are some stems.

4. What does the green color have to do with the plant’s ability to convert light energy into the energy found in the food it makes?

The green color is the pigment chlorophyll, which absorbs light energy from the sun and converts it to chemical energy in the process of photosynthesis.

Interest Grabber Answers

Working with a partner, make a list of how this event will affect each of the following:

1. photosynthesis The rate of photosynthesis will decrease due to reduced sunlight.

2. plant life Plants will grow more slowly or die off due to decreased rate of photosynthesis.

3. animal life Animal populations will decrease after a while due to fewer plants for herbivores to eat. Fewer herbivores will eventually result in fewer carnivores. Also, less oxygen will be available.

4. human societies Human societies will have to adjust their eating habits as some food species die out.

This slide is intentionally blank.