GNwafor Group 1 Project
-
Upload
godwin-nwafor-mba-peng-mpm-msoe-sfiirsm-pcqi-miom-cmilt -
Category
Documents
-
view
60 -
download
2
Transcript of GNwafor Group 1 Project
VINITA 1B – 23 WELLSURFACE CASING & LINER CEMENTINGDESIGN PROPOSAL
Christopher Phillips, Godwin Nwafor, Adam Vondal, Bilal Khelfaoui
Schlumberger Private
2
GENERAL OVERVIEW
2. Job Execution
3. Job Evaluation
1 Job Design
Schlumberger Private
3
OUTLINE
I. 10 ¾‘” SURFACE CASING DESIGN: Job objectives Well / Job Data Risk analysis Job procedure CemCADE* & WELLCLEAN II simulations General recommendations
II. 7” LINER DESIGN: Job objectives Well / Job Data Risk analysis Job procedure CemCADE* & WELLCLEAN II simulations Logistics
Schlumberger Private
4
10 ¾‘” SURFACE CASING DESIGN
Job ObjectivesTo bring top of cement up to surfaceTo provide a competent shoe-track to be able drilling the next sectionWait until surface samples harden to resume drilling
Schlumberger Private
5
Well Data & Schematics
20.000 in Csg 106.50 lbm/ft 42 ft
Top of Tail 4450 ft
10.750 in Csg 45.50 lbm/ft 4950 ft
Float Collar 4870 ft
Tail 62.18 bbl
Lead 490.43 bbl
Disp. Fluid1 468.34 bbl
i- Handbook* - *a mark of Schlumberger
Created on 9/2/2013 10:23:49 PM
Schlumberger Private
6
RISK ANALYSISKey risks Contingencies
- Cement setting inside the casing due to poor slurry design and/or testing.
- Correct selection of temperature is critical. Computer temperature simulations must be run to assess the temperatures during placement and while the cement develops compressive strength.
- Incorrect displacement volume, resulting in un-desired cement left in pipe.
- Accurate displacement volumes are critical; cement pumps are preferred, however, accuracy can be achieved using rig pumps with known efficiencies.
- Cement does not achieve sufficient strength at the shoe-track
- Allow a sufficient WOC, tagging the TOC prior final C.S. is achieved is not recommended.
- Losses prior to the cementing job during mud circulation
- CemNET* is recommended at concentration of 2 lb/bbl in order to minimize losses while cementing.
- Severely washed out holes compromise mud removal and therefore cement-to-formation bonding / channeling
- The low annular velocities occurred in such cases will impact drastically the isolation results and logging evaluation, viscous gelled mud’s can cause substantial channeling; pipe rotation and effective mud circulation prior to pumping cement will help to mobilize mud.
- Gas presence while drilling
- In the event of gas-cut, it is strongly advised to remove completely any gas presence in the well prior to the cementing job; not doing this will allow gas to percolate through the slurry up to surface (gas-leak).
- It is strongly advised to use gas control additives in the slurry design in order to avoid gas channeling; not doing this will compromise isolation results.
Schlumberger Private
7
JOB PROCEDURE/RECOMMENDATIONS: (KSQR)After finishing RIH casing, start mud circulation to cool the temperature down to the
BHCT. Check mud returns, abnormal circulating pressure, losses, etc.- At the same time prepare spacer:
46 bbls of spacer @ 10.80 ppg Prepare the Mix fluid for the slurry Stop mud circulation Pumping sequence: Pumping time 03:01 hr:min If plug doesn’t bump, pump ½ volume of the shoe-track Bleed off pressure, check returns End of job
Pumping Schedule
Name Flow Rate (bpm)
Volume (bbl) Stage Time (Min)
Spacer 6.0 40.0 6.7
Drop Bottom Plug 0.0 0.0 10.0
LiteCRETE Slurry 6.0 490.5 81.7
UniFLAC Slurry 6.0 62.2 10.4
Drop Top Plug 0.0 10 10.0
Spacer 6.0 6.0 1.0
WBM 8.0 442.2 55.3
WBM 2.0 20 6.7
Schlumberger Private
8
JOB PROCEDURE/RECOMMENDATIONS: (KSQR)Time Check
Fluids placement time(hr:min)
KSQR policy(min)
Minimum T.T.Hr:Min
LiteCRETE UniFLAC
03:01 120 05:01 03:25
SQ contingency measures (KSQR 1.2): When mixing any slurry every effort should be made to mix 80% to 95% of the total slurry volume between the density fraction tolerances (+/- 0.15 ppg):
Maximum shutdown time: 20 min
Lead (ppg) Tail (ppg)Lower Limit 11.53 15.71
Upper Limit 11.83 16.01
Schlumberger Private
9
CemCADE & WELLCLEAN II SimulationsFluid Sequence
LiteCRETE Additives
Concenetration
Class G Cement 31.7% BVOB
D124 58.3% BVOB
D178 10% BVOB
D206 0.024 gal/sk
D168 0.3 gal/sk
D080A 0.14 gal/sk
UNIFLAC Concentration
D206 0.023gal/sk
D153 0.1% BWOC
D168 0.338 gal/sk
D080A 0.056 gal/sk
D081 0.011 gal/sk
Fluid Sequence
Name Volume(bbl)
Ann. Len(ft)
Top(ft)
Density(lb/gal)
MUDPUSH II 40 10.80
LiteCRETE Lead Slurry 490.50 4450 0.0 11.68
UNIFLAC Slurry 62.2 500 4450 15.86
MUDPUSH II 6.0 4807.6 10.80
Mud 462.4.0 0.0 9.80
Schlumberger Private
10
CemCADE & WELLCLEAN II Simulations1. Fluid Sequence & Static Well Security
020
0040
0060
00
ft
Well
8 10 12 14lb/gal
Static Well Security
HydrostaticFracPore
Schlumberger Private
11
Pumping ScheduleName
Flow Rate (bbl/min)
Volume (bbl)
Stage Time (min)
Cum.Vol(bbl).
Inj. Temp.(degF)
Comments
Spacer 6.0 40.0 6.7 40.0 80
Pause 0.0 0.0 10.0 0.0 80 Drop Bottom
LiteCRETE 6.0 490.5 81.7 490.5 80
UniFLAC Slurry 6.0 62.2 10.4 62.2 80
Pause 0.0 0.0 10.0 0.0 80 Drop Top Plug
Spacer 6.0 6.0 1.0 6.0 80
WBM 8.0 442.4 55.3 442.4 80
WBM 3.0 20.0 6.7 462.4 80 Total 03:01 hr:mn 1061.0 bbl
CemCADE & WELLCLEAN II Simulations2. Pumping Schedule
Schlumberger Private
12
CemCADE & WELLCLEAN II Simulations
HHP Requirement :
Dynamic Well Security0 1 2 3 4
(x 1000) psi
Dynamic Well Security
HydrostaticMin. HydrostaticMax. DynamicMin. DynamicFracPore
The HHP required for the job is 227.4 hhp
2. Pumping Schedule
Schlumberger Private
13
Flowrate Comparison (U-Tubing Effect)
CemCADE & WELLCLEAN II Simulations
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200Time (min)
98
76
54
32
10
Flow
Rat
e (b
bl/m
in)
Acquired Q OutAcquired Q InQ OutQ In
Fluids at 4950 ft
2. Pumping Schedule
Schlumberger Private
14
CemCADE & WELLCLEAN II SimulationsWell Head Pressure
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2Pumped Volume (bbl) (x 1000)
1.2
1.1
1.0
0.9
0.8
0.7
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0S
urf.
Pre
ss. (
psi)
(x 1
000)
Back PressureAcquired PressureCalc. CemHPCalc. Pump Press.
2. Pumping Schedule
Schlumberger Private
15
CemCADE & WELLCLEAN II SimulationsEffective Circulating Density (ECD)
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200Time (min)
3.5
3.4
3.3
3.2
3.1
3.0
2.9
2.8
2.7
2.6
2.5
2.4
2.3
Ann
. Pre
ssur
e (p
si)
(x 1
000)
FracPoreHydrostaticDynamic
Depth = 4948 ft
2. Pumping Schedule
Schlumberger Private
16
CemCADE & WELLCLEAN II Simulations3. Centralizer Placement
Centralizer PlacementBottom MD
(ft)Nbr. Cent. /
Joint Cent. Name Code Min. STO
(%)@ Depth
(ft)2390.0 11 1/5 CT_31011001438S604C 100.0 2370.0
3030.0 8 1/2 CT_31011001438S604C 76.0 2810.0
4950.0 32 2/3 CT_31011001438S604C 76.0 4910.0
Number of Centralizers = 51
Schlumberger Private
17
CemCADE & WELLCLEAN II Simulations
0 50 100 150 200 (x 1000) lb
Running Forces
Hookload UpHookload Dow nWeightDrag Force
3. Centralizer Placement0
2000
4000
6000
ft 75.0 100.0%
Pipe Standoff
Betw een Cent.At Cent.
Schlumberger Private
18
CemCADE & WELLCLEAN II Simulations4. WELLCLEAN II Simulator
75.0 100.0%
Cement Coverage
Std Betw . Cent.Cement Coverage
0 25 50 75 100%
Uncontaminated Slurry
Mud ContaminationUncontaminated SlurryUncontaminated Cement Slurry
and Cement Coverage
WELLCLEAN II SIMULATOR
Schlumberger Private
19
CemCADE & WELLCLEAN II Simulations5. Temperature Simulator
0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 200Time (min)
140
130
120
110
100
9080
70P
artic
le H
isto
ry (d
egF)
00.
51.
01.
52.
02.
53.
03.
54.
04.
55.
0D
epth
(ft)
(x 1
000)
Last Sack Temp.First Sack Temp.API BHCTPart. Temp. Hist.
Particle Injection Time = 0 min
Schlumberger Private
20
Job ObjectivesTo bring the top of cement up to 4800.10 ftMinimum WOC before tag TOC (Liner) as per UCA ChartTo provide a competent isolation around the liner overlapTo isolate the pay zone from 8074 to 9214 ft
7” PRODUCTION LINER DESIGN
Schlumberger Private
21
Well Data & Schematics
10.750 in Csg 45.50 lbm/ft 4950 ft
9.875 in 10% Excess 9214 ft
5.000 in DP 19.50 lbm/ft 4700 ft
7.000 in Csg 26.00 lbm/ft 9214 ft Landing Collar
9134 ft
Spacer 1 29.99 bbl
Spacer 2 60.99 bbl
Disp. Fluid1 232.12 bbl
Tail 231.38 bbl
Created on 7/15/2010 8:09:22 AM
Schlumberger Private
22
RISK ANALYSISKey risks Contingencies
- Cement setting inside the casing due to poor slurry design and/or testing.
- Correct selection of temperature is critical. For deep-wells, computer temperature simulations must be run to assess the temperatures during placement and while the cement develops compressive strength.
- Incorrect displacement volume, resulting in un-desired cement left in pipe.
- Accurate displacement volumes are critical; cement pumps are preferred, however, accuracy can be achieved using rig pumps with known efficiencies.
- Cement does not achieve sufficient strength at the shoe-track
- Allow a sufficient WOC, tagging the TOC prior final C.S. is achieved is not recommended.
- Losses prior to the cementing job during mud circulation
- CemNET* is recommended at concentration of 1.4 lb/bbl in order to minimize losses while cementing.
- Severely washed out holes compromise mud removal and therefore cement-to-formation bonding / channeling
- The low annular velocities occurred in such cases will impact drastically the isolation results and logging evaluation, viscous gelled mud’s can cause substantial channeling; pipe rotation and effective mud circulation prior to pumping cement will help to mobilize mud.
- Gas presence while drilling
- In the event of gas-cut, it is strongly advised to remove completely any gas presence in the well prior to the cementing job; not doing this will allow gas to percolate through the slurry up to surface (gas-leak).
- It is strongly advised to use gas control additives in the slurry design in order to avoid gas channeling; not doing this will compromise isolation results.
Schlumberger Private
23
JOB PROCEDURE/RECOMMENDATIONS: (KSQR)After finishing RIH liner, Flush lines & Pressure test to 5000 psi for 10 minutesStart mud circulation @ 8.0 bbl/min for about 180.0 min to cool the temperature down to the BHCT.
Check mud returns, abnormal circulating pressure, losses, cavings, etc.At the same time prepare pre-flush (as per lab report): 30 bbl of CW8 @ 8.34 lb/gal 61 bbl of MUDPUSH II @ 10.85 lb/gal (Check rheology of spacer)Start batch mixing 231.4 bbl (pumpable) of LiteCRETE HP Slurry @ 12.5 lb/gal.Stop mud circulationPumping sequence:
Pumping ScheduleName
Flow Rate (bbl/min)
Volume (bbl)
Stage Time (min)
CW 5.0 30.0 6.0Spacer 5.0 40.0 8.0
LiteCRETE 5.0 231.4 46.3Pause 0.0 0.0 10.0
Spacer 6.0 6.0 1.0Mud 6.0 159.6 26.6
Spacer 6.0 15.0 2.5Mud 6.0 62.5 10.4Mud 2.0 10 5.0
Schlumberger Private
24
Pumping time 01:55 minIf liner wiper plug doesn’t bump, pump ½ volume of the shoe-track (agree this with Co. Man prior to the job)Bleed off pressure, check returnsPOOH up to 4600 ft (150 ft above Top of Liner), start mud circulation - Job supervisor to witness mud circulation, cement returns, physical check of the running tool, etc.End of jobWOC as per UCA chart before attempting to tag TOC
JOB PROCEDURE/RECOMMENDATIONS: (KSQR)
Schlumberger Private
25
JOB PROCEDURE/RECOMMENDATIONS: (KSQR)Time Check
Fluids placement time
(hr:min)
Minimum POOH time (min)
KSQR policy(min)
Mud Circulation time (min)
Minimum T.T.
Hr:Min
01:55 0:30 120 120 06:25
SQ contingency measures (KSQR 1.2): When mixing any slurry every effort should be made to mix 80% to 95% of the total slurry volume between the density fraction tolerances (+/- 0.15 ppg):
Lower Limit: 12.35 ppg Upper Limit: 12.65 ppg
Maximum shutdown time: 20 min
Schlumberger Private
26
CemCADE & WELLCLEAN II SimulationsFluid Sequence
Pumping ScheduleName
Flow Rate (bbl/min)
Volume (bbl)
Stage Time (min)
Cum.Vol(bbl).
Inj. Temp.(degF)
Comments
CW 5.0 30.0 6.0 30.0 80 Spacer Slurry 5.0 40.0 8.0 40.0 80
7'' LC 5.0 231.4 46.3 231.4 80 Pause 0.0 0.0 10.0 0.0 80 36-Drop Dart
Spacer Slurry 6.0 6.0 1.0 6.0 80 Mud 6.0 159.6 26.6 159.6 80
Spacer Slurry 6.0 15.0 2.5 15.0 80 Mud 6.0 62.5 10.4 62.5 80 Mud 2.0 10.0 5.0 72.5 80
Code BVOB
G 30.7%
D181 50%
D209 6.3%
D178 13%
AdditivesCode Conc. FunctionD206 0.024 gal/sk AntifoamD153 0.200 %BWOB AntisettlingD168 0.168 gal/sk Fluid lossD600G 0.671 gal/sk GASBLOKD080A 0.048 gal/sk SALTBOND IID197 0.060 gal/sk Retarder
Schlumberger Private
27
1. Fluid Sequence & Static Well SecurityCemCADE & WELLCLEAN II Simulations
Well
7.5 10.0 12.5 15.0lb/gal
Static Well Security
HydrostaticFracPore
Schlumberger Private
28
CemCADE & WELLCLEAN II Simulations
HHP Requirement :The HHP required for the job is 184 hhp
2. Pumping Schedule0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5
(x 1000) psi
Dynamic Well Security
HydrostaticMin. HydrostaticMax. DynamicMin. DynamicFracPore
Schlumberger Private
29
Flowrate Comparison (U-Tubing Effect)
CemCADE & WELLCLEAN II Simulations2. Pumping Schedule
0 25 50 75 100 125Time (min)
76
54
32
10
Flow
Rat
e (b
bl/m
in)
Acquired Q OutAcquired Q InQ OutQ In
Fluids at 9214 ft
Schlumberger Private
30
CemCADE & WELLCLEAN II SimulationsWell Head Pressure2. Pumping Schedule
0 25 50 75 100 125Time (min)
1.4
1.2
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0S
urf.
Pre
ss. (
psi)
(x 1
000)
Back PressureAcquired PressureCalc. CemHPCalc. Pump Press.
Schlumberger Private
31
CemCADE & WELLCLEAN II SimulationsEffective Circulating Density (ECD)2. Pumping Schedule
0 25 50 75 100 125Time (min)
6.2
6.0
5.8
5.6
5.4
5.2
5.0
4.8
4.6
4.4
4.2
4.0
3.8
Ann
. Pre
ssur
e (p
si)
(x 1
000)
FracPoreHydrostaticDynamic
Depth = 9214 ft
Schlumberger Private
32
CemCADE & WELLCLEAN II Simulations3. Centralizer Placement
Centralizer PlacementBottom MD
(ft)Nbr. Cent. /
Joint Cent. Name Code Min. STO
(%)@ Depth
(ft)
4934.0 0 0/0 0.0 4966.6
6974.0 34 2/3 CT_3107130963S604C 65.8 6934.0
8974.0 40 4/5 CT_3107130963S604C 70.3 6991.5
9214.0 12 2/1 CT_3107130963S604C 83.2 9214.0
Number of Centralizers = 86
Schlumberger Private
33
CemCADE & WELLCLEAN II Simulations3. Centralizer Placement
Schlumberger Private
34
CemCADE & WELLCLEAN II Simulations4. WELLCLEAN II Simulator
Uncontaminated Cement Slurry and Cement Coverage
WELLCLEAN II SIMULATOR
0 25 50 75 100%
Cement Coverage
Std Betw . Cent.Cement Coverage
0 25 50 75 100%
Uncontaminated Slurry
Mud ContaminationUncontaminated Slurry
Schlumberger Private
35
CemCADE & WELLCLEAN II Simulations5. Temperature Simulator
0 25 50 75 100 125Time (min)
200
175
150
125
100
75P
artic
le H
isto
ry (d
egF)
00.
51.
01.
52.
02.
53.
03.
54.
04.
55.
0D
epth
(ft)
(x 1
000)
Last Sack Temp.First Sack Temp.API BHCTPart. Temp. Hist.
Particle Injection Time = 0 min
Schlumberger Private
36
GENERAL RECOMMENDATIONS Amount of Cement and additives to be calculated based on the final cementing program Double check calculations the with CM before the job Perform risk assessment and discuss the contingency plans with the CM Any deviation to the design program MUST be notified to the EIC for risk assessment Pressurized mud balance must be used to check slurry density besides the electronic densitometer Minimum 2 gallon of mix water sample for the tail slurry to be collected and stored properly Slurry samples to be taken in different stages while pumping
CemCAT recording system is a Must Do,All messages should be set at the start and at the end of each stage, no deviations are allowedReset volume prior to start pumping a new fluidCemCAT chart should be handed over to Co.Man as soon as it is possible
Schlumberger Private
37
QHSE recommendations:•Make sure that everybody knows the operating procedure.•Define the working area (barriers, limits).•All personal involved in operation should be wearing minimum PPE:safety boots, helmet, safety glasses, ear plugs, Nomex coveralls.•In case CemNET* is added to the slurry, extra PPE is required: dustmask and robber gloves.•Define contingency plans.•Identify muster points.•Mention to everybody the emergency response plan.•Designate a driver and vehicle in case of an emergency
GENERAL RECOMMENDATIONS
Schlumberger Private
38
EQUIPMENT
Air Compressor (2)10-3/4” Cement HeadWater Tank
Schlumberger Private
3939
Equipment Layout for 10 3/4’’ Casing
LC
LCG
LC
CPF
Lead MF240 bbl
RMX
Spacer(50BBL)
Tail MF40 bbl
Downhole
Schlumberger Private
4040
Equipment Layout for 7’’ Liner
LCLC
=
CPF
Frech water
RMX
LC HT 12.5 ppg (240BBL) MUDPUSH II
(65BBL)
Downhole
Schlumberger Private
41
To be provided by the Client:10-3/4” Top & Bottom Plugs51 Rigid Centralizer (Surface Casing Job)86 Rigid Centralizers (Liner Job)Dart
EQUIPMENT/PERSONNEL
Schlumberger Crew:Supervisor (1)Operator (2)Helper (2)
Schlumberger Private
42
SAFE OPERATION MANAGEMENT TOOLS Key Service Quality Requirement (KSQR ) i-District: A custom resource management system for use in district operations JRI: Service Quality Job Risk Index identifies individual Service Quality risk
and the overall risk of the job. It must be completed prior to job starts. Hazard Analysis & Risk Control (HARC): A process used in Schlumberger for
Quality and HSE risk management, designed to analyze risk(s) prior to performing activities and to define risk control measures in order to reduce the risk.
QUEST Management of Change (MOC)/Exemption: SLB QHSE Standard 10 Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) Permit – To – Work Emergency Spill Kit/Contigency Plans
Schlumberger Private
43
QHSE CONSIDERATION Quality, Health, Safety and Environment (QHSE), is the four (4)
business and operational attributes controlled by the Schlumberger Management System
Applicable WS QHSE Standards: WS Std 001 – Service Delivery WS Std 003 – Maintenance WS Std 005 – Wellsite Operation WS Std 018 – Chemical Product Management WS Std 023 – Testing & Inspection of Treating Equipment WS Std 30 – Mixing & Pumping of Combustible & Flammable Fluid
Schlumberger Private
44
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS!!!