Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) update
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Transcript of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) update
Impact of New SPS GNSS Receivers and Constellations on
Precise Marine Positioning
Martin de Kievit
More Satellites are neededCongested marine spaces
Congested vessels
Demand for greater accuracy
GPS/GLONASS GPS
– 31 satellites active (Sept ‘13)
– L1 C/A & P(Y)
– L2 P(Y) & L2C (IIR-M)
– L5 (IIF) – First satellite launched May 2010 GLONASS
– 24 satellites healthy (Sept ‘13) as well as satellites in residual status
– L1 C/A & P
– L2 C/A (-M) & P
Multi-frequency/Multi-System Antenna- L1/L5/E6 Galileo Ready – shipping since 2005
Inside the GNSS receiver
Trimble 360°technology is used in SPS985 and SPS855 and BX 982 receivers
Dual Maxwell VI - 6th Generation Chip ASIC 2x 220 = 440 Channels GPS/GLONASS/Galileo/QZSS/Compass
compliant– For all current civilian open signals
GPS Modernization: L2C
First satellite launched September 2005– 8 Block IIR-M satellites so far– 1 Block IIF (adds L5)
L2C Signal Strength = Productivity
GPS Modernization: L5 New 3rd frequency band GPS Block IIF satellites
– Block III will complete L5/L2C constellation
First launch occurred May 2010 Block IIF - also broadcast L2C signals SPS GNSS
– Capable of tracking L5 – Tested with the simulator and GPS IIF modulator– Successfully tracking L5
PRN 1 (IIR-M with L5) PRN 25 (IIF)
Trimble Simulation capability L1/L2/L5 GPS & E1/E5A/E5B Galileo
JPO L2-C / L5 Modulator
Tests
New GNSS Signals
Global ConstellationsGPS (31)
GLONASS (24) Galileo (22+)
Compass (~30)
Regional Constellations– QZSS (3)– IRNSS (7)
Satellite-Based Augmentations
WAAS (3) MSAS (2)
EGNOS (3) GAGAN (3)
SDCM
In the not too distant future…
SBAS systems
IRNSS and GAGAN Indian Regional Nav Satellite System
– Orbits similar to QZSS – inclined Geostationary orbit
– L5 & S-Band– 7 Satellites planned– First launched to be decided– No public ICD
GAGAN– Is a SBAS satellite over India– First satellite was launched in 2011, a second one
was launched in 2012– Full constellation of three satellites should be
ready end of 2014
GPS L1C / GPS III
L1C– Third GPS Civilian Signal
GPS III (2014 first launch)
– Also on QZSS ICD is public Modulation
– Very similar to Galileo– More multipath immunity c.f. C/A
QZSS
Quasi-Zenith Satellite System Eccentric Geo-synchronous Orbit L1 C/A, L1C, L2C, E6 & L5 First satellite launched September 2010 Augments GNSS in deep urban canyon Satellite appears at a high elevation for an extended
time period over Japan and Asia Pacific QZSS included in Trimble 360TM Technology
– SPS985 and SPS855 support this by default– Trimble Tracking L1 C/A, SAIF, L2C, L5– Also tracked L1C (first satellite to have L1C)
QZSS Orbit
QZSS Tracking Melbourne – November 2010 (CNo)
Beidou/Compass Beidou
– Geostationary active ranging system over China
Beidou-2 / Compass– MEO(Medium Earth Orbit / 16.000 km) ,
GEO (Geostationary Earth Orbit /36.000 km) and Inclined GEO
MEO satellite component system similar to GPS– First test satellite (MEO) launched early 2007
1 GEO failed in 2009 4 launches in 2010 (3 GEOs, 3 inclined GEO, 1 MEO)
– No public ICD – PRN Codes reverse engineered by Stanford University
Ephemeris/Clock etc format unknown– Codes will have similar performance to GPS
Although quality of the clocks, orbital modeling etc. are still unknown
Compass 10 active satellites in space
– 4x GEO – transmitting– 1x GEO – failed– 1x MEO – transmitting (oldest satellite from March
2007)– 5x Inclined GEO
3 Bands (B1, B2 & B3) Trimble 360TM Technology
– Inside SPS985 and SPS855– Tracking all 3 bands
Compass
No public ICD (Interface Control Document)– Tracking based on Stanford University work– No ephemeris/clock/almanac information (no ICD)– Able to produce code/carrier measurements but not position
Compass Inclined Orbit Geo-Sync
Compass Data
Galileo European System
– 2 Test Satellites (don’t conform to the Galileo ICD) Giove-A Launched Dec 2005 Giove-B Launched April 2008
– 4 IOV satellites – started in October 2011 (2)– 22 further funded satellites to come
Original plan 27 – 30 satellites (only a subset funded)
Open Services– Require a license
Trimble IP supports Galileo and Trimble has a license to commercialize
Other Signals/Bands– E6 – commercial service (CS)– PRS – public regulated service– No public ICD for CS or PRS signals
Five Galileo Services Open access navigation
No charge, positioning down to 1 metre
Commercial navigation (encrypted) To the centimetre; service providers will charge
fees
Safety Of life navigation Open service for applications where guaranteed
precision is essential
Public regulated navigation (encrypted) Continuous availability even if other services are
disabled in time of crisis; Government agencies will be main users.
Search and rescue System will pick up distress beacon locations;
feasible to send feedback
GIOVE-A Pseudorange noise
Pseudorange measurement No code/carrier filtering E1 includes Everest Multipath mitigation
Summary – current constellation GPS
– 31 active GLONASS
– 24 active Compass
– 10 active Galileo
– 2 GIOVE test satellites, 2 IOV satellites QZSS
– 1 active SBAS
– WAAS (3) / EGNOS (3) / MSAS (2) / GAGAN (2) Current Total = 75+ GNSS satellites
– Plus additional in orbit non-transmitting spares (eg. GPS & GLONASS)
Too many satellites?
CMRx Data format The Problem:
– Existing data formats too long when more satellites and more constellations are launched
– Need to reduce data volumes when using cell phone technology
– Licenses for wider band radios harder to obtain The Solution:
– Trimble’s CMRx proprietary format transmitted from Base Station
Marine GNSS receivers
SPS985
SPS855 Base
SPS855 Rover
SPS855 & 555H Rover & Heading
sensor
SPS985 Smart Antenna Tracks GPS, GLONASS, QZSS, Compass, Galileo,
Marinestar, SBAS
Internal wideband 410-470 MHz or
licence free 900MHz
Battery door – ultra rugged. Removable
2.4 Ah battery
Bluetooth to Tablet or Computer
Scalable accuracy modes
‘Portable’ base or Rover
Wi-Fi for licence free radio and
access to Web UI
Quick Release adapter for one click on/off
pole
NEW BX 982 GNSS Modular Heading Receiver
Tracks GPS, GLONASS, QZSS, Compass, Galileo,
SBAS
Support for FDE and RAIM =
Positioning Integrity Monitoring
3x RS232, 1 x USB, 1x CAN , and 1 x
LAN Ethernet Port
Support for Marinestar
VBS,XP,G2 and HP
Rugged Housing
Configuration through our
standard web browser
2 x 220channel Trimble Maxwell
chip sets
Dual Antenna input
Fugro Marinestar now available on Trimble receivers
Receivers capable of receiving Marinestar VBS,XP,G2 and HP: – SPS461, SPS855, SPS985 and BX982 with
upgrade option Location RTK enabled Applications Marinestar:
– Navy & Defense applications (incl. Mine hunting)– Hydrographic surveys– Research Vessels– Bathymetry– Dredging– Positioning buoys & Jack-up rigs– And many others
Marine
Wi-Fi on Smart Antenna (SPS985) Tracking structures – wirelessly License free Heading via Wi-Fi between SPS985’s
Updated Geoid Model EGM-96 More precise vertical – orthometric heights
related to sea level CMRx every 3 seconds – for slow radio links
for long range offshore
Questions?