Kingdoms of Southeast Asia and Korea

By: M.W., M.C., K.L.

Period 4

IntroductionIntroductionSoutheast Asia was filled with activity Southeast Asia was filled with activity around the first century A.D. Southeast around the first century A.D. Southeast Asia is the region that now encompasses Asia is the region that now encompasses countries such as Laos, Cambodia, countries such as Laos, Cambodia, Thailand, and Vietnam. The Korean Thailand, and Vietnam. The Korean Peninsula was also a busy place, and Peninsula was also a busy place, and even while competing with the successful even while competing with the successful China of time, individual kingdoms still China of time, individual kingdoms still manage to rise throughout Southeast Asia manage to rise throughout Southeast Asia and the Korean Peninsula.and the Korean Peninsula.

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Kingdoms of Southeast Kingdoms of Southeast AsiaAsia

Geography of Southeast Geography of Southeast AsiaAsia Located between the Indian and the Pacific Located between the Indian and the Pacific

OceansOceans Stretches fro Asia to AustraliaStretches fro Asia to Australia Divided into two sections; mainland peninsula Divided into two sections; mainland peninsula

(China to the North, India to the West), and (China to the North, India to the West), and the islands (Sumatra, Borneo, Java etc)the islands (Sumatra, Borneo, Java etc)

Tropical climate and monsoon rains leads to Tropical climate and monsoon rains leads to long periods of rainlong periods of rain

Never has been united either culturally or Never has been united either culturally or politicallypolitically

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Travel and communication made difficult by the mountainous and difficult terrainHome to a variety of culturesPower rests in those who control the trade routesLocates on most direct sea route between the South China Sea and the Indian Ocean

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Hindu and Buddhist missionaries spread their faiths and practices by the first century A.D.Future kingdoms followed these religions and were based on Indian political ideas.Chinese ideas spread through migration and trade.The Chinese also influenced Southeast Asia politically.

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main power on the Southeast Asian mainland

Early kingdom called Funan took over much of the sea trade between India and China

Funan reached highest point of power around 1200

Became prosperous from improved rice cultivation and building elaborate irrigation systems and waterways.

Angkor Wat – one of the extensive city-and-temple projects built by the Khmer rulers and it is one of the world’s greatest architectural

achievementsK. L.

Dynasty called ‘Sailendra’

ruled a kingdom on the island of Java while Khmer

Empire expandedFell under the powerful

empire of ‘Srivijaya’Srivvijaya ruled waters around the islands of:

SumatraBorneo

Java

and became prosperous by taxing trade that passed

through its waters

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People of Southeast Asia were least influenced by the Vietnamese

China ruled over northern Vietnam for 1,000 years during the Han Dynasty

Became an independent kingdom in 939Slowly expanded by taking over neighboring people

Used many Chinese cultures including Buddhism but kept their own form of identity.

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Adapted cultures from others to form

their ownLearned about centralized government, Confucianism, and Buddhism from the

ChineseTribes began to gather together into

federationsFederations eventually developed into 3

rival kingdoms that chased out the Chinese

‘Silla’ eventually gained control over the whole Korean peninsula

Koreans built Buddhist monasteries and made stone and bronze statues

Developed a writing system good enough for writing and reading in

Korean, while using Chinese characters

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Overtime Sillia rule declinedRebel officer, Wang Kon gained control over the country and became king, creating the Koryu DynastyThe Koryu Dynasty lasted from 935 to 1392Modeled their central government after China’sOrganized a Confucian civil service examination system along with a university to train male scholarsKoryu society was sharply segregated between rich and poorSons of nobles were given the best positions, stimulating a series of rebellions in the 1100s

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The Koryu dynasty was able to remain in power but soon had to face the Mongols

In 1231, the Mongols demanded from the Koryu rulers, an insane tribute of 20,000 horses, enough clothing for 1 million soldiers, and many children and artisans to be slaves

The Mongol empire collapsed around the 1350s

In 1392, a group of scholar officials and military leaders overthrew the Koryu Dynasty

They began a new dynasty, the Choson (or Yi) dynasty, that would rule for 518 years

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Korean artists created celadon pottery, known for its milky green glaze

Writers and scholars also create fine pottery and wrote the first national history of Korea

The entire canon of Buddhist scriptures were printed by the thousands of carved wooden blocks made by Korean printers of over 60 years

The Chinese and the Indian had the most influence on many other parts of Asia, especially the influence of religion. The Khmer empire was greatly influenced by India and built a monument dedicated to the Hindu god Vishnu. The Sailendra kingdom built a monument as well which is the Buddhist temple, influenced by India. The Vietnamese absorbed many Chinese cultural influences such as Buddhism. When Korea was under the China’s rule, they learned things from the Chinese. The Koreans built Buddhist monasteries and created a writing system for Korea and still using Chinese characters. The Koryu Dynasty based their central government on China’s government. All of these kingdoms have a part of their culture relating to China’s or India’s culture.

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•http://www.destination360.com/asia/china/images/s/china-great-wall-of-china.jpg

•http://bulgar.no-ip.info/downloads/snimki/wall/Taj%20Mahal,%20Agra,%20India.jpg

•http://www.theage.com.au/ffximage/2005/06/21/syracuse_wideweb__430x259.jpg

•http://www.edwebproject.org/anatolia/images/akdamar.boat.jpg

•http://www.cringel.com/files/images/adia_2007_03_25_DSC_6813_fishermen_strange_oval_round_boats_vietnam_

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•http://rokdrop.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/08/changdeokgung31.jpg

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