Glencoe Making Life Choices Section 3 Addiction Chapter 12 Drugs of Abuse 1 > HOME Content...

Glencoe Making Life Choices Section 3 Addiction

Chapter 12 Drugs of Abuse

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Content Vocabulary

drug addiction

endorphins

dysphoria

physical addiction

withdrawal

psychological addiction




• No one who starts out using a substance for the first time intends to develop a drug addiction.

drug addictionA physical or psychological need for higher and higher doses of a drug




Drugs create a “high” by releasing pleasure-producing chemicals in the brain.

Drugs and the Brain




• Drugs provide a sense of euphoria by imitating the brain’s natural way of producing pleasure.

• The acts of eating, being physically active, and relaxing release endorphins.

Drugs and the Brain

endorphinsChemicals in the brain that produce feelings of pleasure in response to a variety of activities.




• The lack of these chemicals produces an unpleasant feeling, known as dysphoria.

Drugs and the Brain

dysphoriaThe unpleasant feelings that occur when endorphins are lacking




How Does Addiction Set In?• Those who use drugs produce fewer and fewer

natural endorphins.• As the effects of the drug wears off each time, the

user experiences dysphoria.• To avoid the unpleasant sensations of dysphoria,

the person may use more drugs.

Drugs and the Brain




How Does Addiction Set In?

• When people take drugs to ease dysphoria, they may become addicted to the drug.

• Most drugs that cause addiction are euphoria-producing drugs.

Drugs and the Brain




Physical addiction occurs when the body’s chemistry adjusts its functioning to the presence of a drug.

Physical Addiction




• Physical addiction, or dependence, makes the body develop a tolerance to a certain drug.

Physical Addiction

physical addiction

A change in the body’s chemistry so that without the presence of a substance (drug), normal functioning begins to fail.




• Withdrawal occurs as the body begins to clear the drug from the system.

Physical Addiction

withdrawal

The physical symptoms that occur when an addictive drug is cleared from the body tissues




Withdrawal symptoms may include:• Problems with vision, muscle activity, digestion,

brain function, temperature regulation, or many other processes.

• Withdrawal changes brain patterns, affects mood, and makes the person crave the drug.

Physical Addiction




The only sure way to escape drug addiction is never to experiment with the drugs that produce it.

Psychological Addiction




• Physical addiction always triggers psychological addiction, or dependence.

psychological addiction

Mental dependence on a drug, habit, or behavior




• People who never learn to cope with emotional pain may develop a psychological addiction to drugs.

• Psychological addiction can be as powerful as physical addiction.




• The physical symptoms that occur when a drug to which a person is addicted is cleared from the body tissues are called _________.

withdrawalThe physical symptoms that occur when an addictive drug is cleared from the body tissues

Section Review: Reviewing the Vocabulary




• What is mental dependence on a drug, habit, or behavior called?

psychological addictionMental dependence on a drug, habit, or behavior

Section Review: Reviewing the Vocabulary

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