Glass – a solid or a liquid? Kyle Foo (9). Introduction Can we pour glass? Can we draw a pint of...
Transcript of Glass – a solid or a liquid? Kyle Foo (9). Introduction Can we pour glass? Can we draw a pint of...
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Glass – a solid or a liquid?Kyle Foo (9)
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Introduction
•Can we pour glass?•Can we draw a pint of glass?
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What is glass made of
•Most common type of glass - soda-lime glass
•70-74% silica•Sodium carbonate to lower the melting
point to 1500°C to simplify processing•Lime, magnesium oxide and aluminum
oxide added to provide for a greater chemical durability
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Who and how was glass discovered•the first true glass was made in coastal
north Syria, Mesopotamia or Old Kingdom Egypt
•The earliest known glass objects were beads
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How glass is used
•Optical waveguides•Modern glass art•Windows•Etc.
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Glass – a solid or a liquid?
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Glass – an amorphous solid or a supercooled liquid?
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The molecular structure of glassCrystal Glass
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Conversion from liquid to solid for…Crystal Glass*
1. The liquid is cooled2. At the freezing point, the
molecules arrange themselves in a lattice
3. Intermolecular forces hold them together
4. It is now a solid
1. The liquid is cooled2. It remains liquid even
below its melting point and becomes supercooled
3. Its viscosity rises rapidly and continuously
4. It forms a thick syrup5. It eventually forms an
amorphous solid* The transition into glass only happens if the cooling rate is faster than the rate at which molecules can organize into a crystalline state
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Characteristics of supercooled liquids•A liquid lowered below its freezing point
WITHOUT becoming a solid•exists in stratiform and cumulus clouds•there are freezers that supercools drinks
so that when it is opened it ‘slushes’ over
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Characteristics of amorphous solids•No long-range atomic order•Has the properties of a solid•In principle, given a sufficiently high
cooling rate, any liquid can be made into an amorphous solid
•Examples are cotton candy, polystyrene, custard
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Conclusion
I conclude that glass is an amorphous solid, as:
•It fits the criteria for being an amorphous solid, and
•It does not flow
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Bibliography• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glass• http://www.beadfx.com/images/27800407-00.jpg• http://math.ucr.edu/home/baez/physics/General/Glass/glass.html• http://ocdeals.freedomblogging.com/files/2009/06/slurpee-web.jpg