Glaciers_cci Frank Paul University of Zurich, Switzerland.
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Transcript of Glaciers_cci Frank Paul University of Zurich, Switzerland.
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Glaciers_cci
Frank PaulUniversity of Zurich, Switzerland
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The Target: Glaciers
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Adequacy of the User requirements
• Is your URD adequate with GCOS/CMUG requirements?
-> Yes of course! (it is based on these documents)
• We analysed the following sources to determine the UR:• GCOS: 82, 92, 107; CEOS response, IGOS Cryosphere report
• feedback and advice from KSB (WGMS, GLIMS, CMUG)
• questionnaire among CRG and wider glaciological community
• scientific literature
• What did we learn from this analysis?• there is a strong demand to complete the global inventory (GCOS T2.1)
• strong support to also investigate elevation changes and velocity fields
• feedback from the community about ongoing work (to avoid overlap)
• created a new overview of key regions with completeness level
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GCOS requirements (satellite specs.)
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CMUG requirements (satellite specs.)
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Some differences of Glaciers_cci
• Glaciers_cci (the area product) is based on a sensor that is in orbit since 27 years (Landsat TM)
• follow-up sensors have (ETM+) or will have the same spectral characteristics (LDCM, Sentinel 2)
• the main product depends on manual digitization by experts rather than an automated (button press) application
• key to product quality is thus communication and agreement on methodological standards and advice through tutorials
• we do produce in cooperation with the wider GLIMS community a one time snapshot of the global ice cover
• sometimes politically delicate (by location or person)
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The Problem: Debris Cover
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The Problem: Debris Cover
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Selected key regions
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Completeness Level (CL)
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Did the PSD meet the needs of CRG?
• We are currently working on the PSD ...• it will provide an overview of the technical specifications, the error
characteristics and an error budget for all three products
• The short answer is: Yes, they will!• the specifications of the input data sets are largely given, whereas
the requirements for the output products (area / elev. ch. / velocity) differ
• individual CRG members or CMUG require different formats (shape files, GeoTiff, grid, netCDF, resolution, level of detail, completeness, etc.)
• depending on the needs (e.g. spatial resolution) the errors will differ
• CRG member Sven Kotlarski (IAC) will give a short overview on how the glacier area product can be used in RCMs
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The integrated perspective
• How is the the integrated perspective on consistency between the ECVs addressed?
• we will follow the SoW and other CCIs as close as possible (e.g. website)
• our deliverables will have a similar structure than for all other CCIs
• we have a strong commitment to provide products that are relevant for IPCC AR5 and GTN-G
• KSB and climate/hydrological model experts are in our CRG
• we have a direct link to the Landcover_cci (validation data)
• However, the direct interaction with the other CCIs is weak
• We will be cooperative as best as possible!
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Product uncertainties
• at first we will try to assess them (which is not easy)
• a number of round-robin experiments should help to provide improved guidelines for methodological data consistency
• multiple digitizings of the same glacier will give an internal accuracy measure
• comparison with independently created products (area)
• validation with higher accuracy products (LIDAR DEMs)
• application of different methods and ground truth data
• get feedback from the community, open for refinements
• we do not need ECMWF data
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Using Glacier Inventory Datain Regional Climate Modelling
Sven KotlarskiInstitute for Atmospheric and Climate Science
ETH Zurich, Switzerland
A Case Study
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BACKGROUND (1)
• Interactive role of glaciers in the climate system
• Direct and indirect feedback mechanisms
- Static glacier masks
- No changes in ice extent, no feedback to atmosphere
- No consideration of water volume stored
- No / simplified runoff generation
- Exception: Ice sheet models in ESM
• Poor representation in today's climate models:
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BACKGROUND (2)
More sophisticated approach desirable for assessing regional climate change in
glacierized areas and for hydrological analyses in glacierized river basins
• Interactive glacierscheme for regionalclimate modelling(Kotlarski et al., Clim Dyn, 2010)
• Glacier mass balanceand area changes ona subgrid scale
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TILE APPROACH
• two-layer ice body
• V-A-relation
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MODEL SETUP
• 18 km x 18 km
• Forcing: ERA40 (model development and evaluation), ECHAM5-MPI-OM (scenario)
• Glacier inventory data needed for initialization of glacier areas(total area per grid cell, area-altitude distribution) and for model validation
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CHANGE OF GLACIER AREA
Initialisation January 1958Initialisation January 1958
WGIWGI(collection of national (collection of national inventories, scaled to 1958)inventories, scaled to 1958)
End of simulation(December 2003)
- 23.6 %
So far: no Alpine-wide validation possible!
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USING THE 2003 ALPINE GLACIER INVENTORY (1)
1.) Model validation
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USING THE 2003 ALPINE GLACIER INVENTORY (2)
2.) Initializing glacier cover (here: regional climate change scenario)
- 47.4 %
- 74.2 %these scenarios are still initialized withthe simulated glacier cover in 2003!
Amplificationof warming
Te
mp
era
ture
ch
an
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an
om
aly
[K
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ONGOING ...
Application of REMOGLACIER
in Himalayas / Karakorum(MPI-M Hamburg)
Implementation of glacier parameterization scheme into new Canadian RCM CRCM5(Environment Canada / UQAM Montréal)
glacier fraction derived fromGlobCover Land Cover product (on 0.05°)
To be updated bynew inventories
GLIMS inventoryto be completed
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SUMMARY
• Interactive description of mountain glaciers in a state-of-the-artregional climate model
• Glacier inventory data important for both model development and model application (initialization and evaluation)
• Less important: - spatial accuracy and detail
- high temporal resolution
LOOKING FORWARD TO DATA FROM Glaciers_cci …
- completeness
- temporal consistency (snapshots)
- area-altitude distribution
• Main requirements:(URD)
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GRID BOX CROSS SECTION