GIT FINAL EXAM – HOPE

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GIT FINAL EXAM – HOPE

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Q1.Which of the following statements is incorrect ?

The large intestine absorbs only half of the water ingested

Q2. A 30 year old women who was on OCPs for a good while has

developed a subcapsular mass. She is now pregnant. Which of the

following complications is most likely?

Hemorrhage and rupture The typical presentation for a mass in the liver in a young woman on NOTE>>

OCPs is hepatic adenoma. The pregnancy will result in increasing the chances of .minal cavitythe mass hemorrhaging into the abdo

Q3. A 60 year old male has undergone colonoscopy and a 5mm rectal polyp was

found. What is the most likely diagnosis?**

Adenamatous polyp (Check)

Q4. A liver biopsy from a patient with elevated AST and ALT shows portal-portal

fibrosis, lymphocytic infiltrate around the portal tract and steatosis. What is the

most likely diagnosis?

Hepatitis C infection

The elevated liver enzymes with the combined histological picture are NOTE>>

indicative of hepatitis. The features of portal tract lymphocytic inflammation and

steatosis particularly is seen in patients with hepatitis C infection

Q5. Which of the following isn’t true about direct hernia?

Answer: It is lateral to the inferior epigastric arteries.

l most often through A direct hernia protrudes through the wal NOTE>>

Hesselbalch’s area, which is a triangular area with 3 borders:

Medial: Linea Alba Lateral :Inferior Epigastric arteries Inferior: Inguinal

Ligament

Q6. Intestinal peristalsis is decreased in which of the following?

GIT FINAL EXAM – HOPE

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Decreases in ileum when cecum is distended

As food enters the cecum and distends it, the ileocecal reflex is NOTE>>

initiated decreasing the peristalsis in the ileum itself

Q7. Pancreatic steatorrhea is due to :

Secretin deficiency

amount of HCO3 will be decreased A lack of secretin means that theNOTE>>

in the pancreatic secretions rendering the pancreatic enzymes inactive. This will

result in a lack of digestion of fats leading to steatorrhea

Q8. In the triad of symptoms of microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, renal

failure, and thrombocytopenia what is the species of organisms involved?

Enterohemorrhagic E.Coli

Q9. Which of the following can be used to differentiate EHEC from other strains?

Sorbitol

Q10. Which of the following isn’t transmitted through oral-genital sex?

Ancylostoma Duodenale

Q11. Which of the following is true about Enterobius Vermicularis ?

The male goes to the anus to lay its eggs

The male is 5-10mm long

The female is 2-3 mm long

It survives in the cecum

It adheres strongly to the small intestine

Q12. Most common location for salivary gland tumors ?

Parotid gland

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Q13. All of the following are false about hepatic failure :

it's alawys associated with overt necrosis

Q14. Which of the following isn’t seen in a HIV patient :

Cleft Lip

Q15. Esophageal varices are caused by :

Portal Hypertension

Q16. Most common disorder of the esophagus :

Hiatal Hernia

Q17. A patient with unretractable ulcers in the proximal and distal duodenum is

likely to have :

A gastrin secreting tumor

Q18. Which of the following is a function of somatostatin ?

Inhibition of Gastrin secretion

19. Somatostatin is secreted by which type of cells of the pancreas :

Delta Cells

Q20. Paneth cells secrete :

lyzosyme

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Q21. Which of the following isn’t true about salivary secretion?

The HCO3 concentration stays the same regardless of the rate of secretion

Q22. Which of the following innervations is incorrect?

Innervation of tongue muscles are through the hypoglossal (XII) nerve

Q23. Which of the following is the origin of muscularis externa and submucosa?

Splanchic mesoderm

Q24. Glands are found in the submucosa of ?

Duodenum and Esophagus

Q25. Which of the following statements is correct?

the medium chain triglycerides of 10 carbons is absorbed into the enterocytes

and then passes to the liver through the portal vein

Q26. Conjugated bilirubin is :

Water soluble

Q27. In which of the following disorders does ALT increase significantly?

Hepatitis

Q28. Which of the following isn’t true about Hepatocellular Carcinoma?**

it is discovered in patients <60 years old

Q29. Which of the following micro-organisms has its virulence genes affected by

calcium and temperature?

Yersinia Pseudo-tuberculosis

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Q30. In a patient with schistosomiasis which of the following is the reason behind

the severe itching in the acute phase?

Schistosomulae

Q31. Which of the following is associated with ingestion of shellfish and oysters?

Vibrio Parahemolyticus

Q32. Guillian Barre syndrome is a complication of which of the following

infections?

Campylobacter jejuni

Q33. Which of the following is the cause of diarrhea in rota virus patients?

Non structural protein 4

Q34. Which of the following regulates the level of cAMP in an enterocyte with V.

Cholera?

Gs

Q35. Which of the following is true about the umbilical plane?

It is at the level of L3/L4

Q36. Which of the following needs a clinical history to confirm the diagnosis?

Celiac disease

Tropical Sprue

Whipple’s disease

Giardiasis

Intestinal lymphangiectasia

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Q37. Which of the following describes McBurney’s incision?

It is 2/3 the distance from the umbilicus and 1/3 the distance from the anterior

superior iliac spine

Q38. Which of the following isn’t correct about bismuth subsalicylate?

It can’t be combined with PPIs

Q39. Which of the following regimens is the first choice treatment of peptic ulcer

disease?

Amoxicillin, clarithromycin and lansoprazole

Q40. Which of the following is the best regimen for GERD?

Lansoprazole

Q41. Which of the following isn’t true about metacolpramide?

It is combined with atropine

Q42. Loperamide:

Has a longer duration of action than diphenoxylate hydrochloride

Q43. In acetaminophen poisoning :

Activated charcoal should always be administered

Q44. Which of the following about the laxatives is false?

Magnesium compound---- Osmotic

Lubiprostone---- Chloride channel

All are correct

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Q45. Which of the following isn’t true about antiemetics?

Ipechac contains two alkaloids: emetine and ….

Metaclopramide has 5HT4 activity

Benzodiazepines have a strong antiemetic effect in patients on chemotherapy

Q46. Which of the following isn’t true about prevention of Hepatitis C ?

Quarantine of close contacts

Q47. Which of the following congenital anomalies are due to failure of the

midgut to return by the 10th week?

Omphalocele

Q48. Which of the following ligaments has 4 layers?

Gastrocolic ligament

Q49. Which of the following muscles of the pharynx aren’t innervated by the

vagus nerve supplying the pharyngeal plexus?

Stylopharangeus muscle

Q50. If the amount of Vitamin D is increased from 50ng to 80ng in patients the

risk of colorectal cancer will decrease by?

70%

Q51. In pancreatic secretions HCO3 does :

Protects the lining and makes the conditions optimal for pancreatic enzymes

Q52. Which of the following is true about proteolytic digestion of pancreatic

enzymes?

They yield dipeptides, tripeptides and aminoacids

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Q53. Pepsin cleaves ……….. bonds, at ………… aminoacids especially at ……… ones

like tryptophan and..

Peptides- Hydrophobic- Aromatic

Q54. Which of the following supplies the distal part of the transverse colon?

Left Colic

Q55. Which of the following is not a product/feature of H. Pylori?

Adhesins

Lipopolysaccharide

Flagella

Urease

……

Answer: **

Q56. Which of the following isn’t associated with Enteropathogenic E.Coli

pathogenesis ?

Bundle forming pili

Intimin receptor

Secretion Pedestal

….

Answer: **

Q57. Which of the following isn’t true about acute pancreatitis?

It is irreversible

Q58. A patient with internal omental hernia. Which of the following incisions has

to be made to access the hernia?

Greater Omentum

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Q59. Which of the following is least accurate about colorectal carcinoma ?

In black people it is more common than white people

It is more common in people with lower socioeconomic status than higher

socioeconomic status.

Q60.Which of the following mutations isn’t important is the pathogenesis of

colorectal carcinoma?

KRAS

Chromosomal instability (aneuploid)

DNA mismatch repair genes (MMR) abnormalities

Promoter region CpG island methylation (epigenetic changes)

E-Cadherin

Q61.Which of the following describes the risk of colorectal carcinoma in a patient

with Ulcerative Colitis?

Increase in duration

Q62.During an endoscopy a patient has a bulky mass discovered that is non-

pedicled and is bleeding(hemorrhaging). Its width is the same as its length. What

is the most probable diagnosis?

Mucinous Adenocarcinoma

Villous Adenoma

Q63.Which of the following is treated by treated with medium chain triglycerides

and vitamin supplements ?

Abetalipoproteinemia

Q64. A deficiency in enterokinase will result in :

Protein Malabsorption

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Q65.Which of the following is associated with HCl secretion by the parietal cell?

Increase in the pH of the blood leaving the stomach

Q66.Which of the following is true about migration motility complexes?

They are stopped immediately after ingestion of food

Q67. Gastric lipase and lingual lipase :

They are acidic lipases

They don’t need bile salts

They don’t need colipase

All are correct

Q68.Which of the following is true about the stomach?

It contains an inner oblique muscle layer

Q69.The fate of NADH produced due to alcohol intake is all of the following

except:

Increases glycerol synthesis

Increases fatty acid synthesis

Increases gluconeogenesis

Conversion of pyruvic acid into lactic acid

Q70. Which of the following is required in the metabolism of alcohol into

acetaldehyde?

NAD+

Q71.Which of the following describes the process related to hyperuricemia in

glycogen storage disease type 1?

Increased production of Uric acid

Decreased Excretion of Uric acid

Purine degradation

All are correct

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Q72. All of the following are complications of cirrhosis except :

Answer: **

Q73. Which of the following isn’t correct about the common bile duct?

It is anterior to the 1st part of the duodenum

Q74. Which of the following drains the tips of the lateral 2/3 of the tongue?

Submandibular lymph Node

Q75. All of the following are correct about Cirrhosis except?

Fibrosis is cirrhosis

Q76.Which of the following doesn’t have humans as a definitive host?

Echinococcus granolosus

Q77. All of the following need one or two intermediate hosts except?

Hymenolepsis Nana

Q78.FAP is associated with:

Colon cancer

The End