Nenad MladineoUniversity of Split, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Architecture and Geodesy, Croatia

mladineo@gradst.hr

Marko MladineoUniversity of Split, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mechanical, Engineering and Naval Architecture, Croatia

marko.mladineo@fesb.hr

Milan BajicCroatian Mine Action Center - Center for Testing, Development and Training Ltd. (HCR-CTRO d.o.o.), Croatia

milan.bajic@zg.t-com.hr

Introduction

• The financial shortage usually triggers a need for priority setting in Project Management in Mine actions

• In this research managing of mine action projects using Multi-Criteria Analysis (MCA) was introduced

• MCA is used in order to select priorities for demining actions

• As a part of FP7 Project TIRAMISU, specialized Web-based Decision Support System (Web DSS) has been developed

• Web DSS was developed to achieve transparent priority setting process

• Developed Web DSS is Microsoft Silverlight application based on ESRI ArcGIS Silverlight API and ArcGIS Server 10.1

State-of-the-Art

• In Croatia, over the past ten years, a priority setting using Multi-Criteria Analysis (MCA) coupled with Geographic Information System (GIS) has been deployed in mine-action management

• A multi-criteria approach gives an opportunity for stakeholders to express their needs and requirements through a set of criteria

• While using MCA two problems have been noticed:

First problem is problem of comparability of suspected minefields due to their size and other characteristics

Second problem relates to the fact that each decision level demands different criteria set

Project Management based on DSS

• For successful management of Mine action projects one of the most important thing is setting of demining priorities

• It requires development of specific decision-making process, i.e. development of specific Decision Support System (DSS)

• There is a need for different approaches at different decision levels, thus modelling the decision process in the most appropriate way

• Three basic levels should be recognized in mapping the DSS structure: Strategic level, Tactical level and Operative level

Layout of the hierarchic approach in decision-making

Operative level• Municipality level• Particular demining projects

Tactical level• County level

Strategic level• State level

PROMETHEE method

• In this research PROMETHEE method was chosen for Multi-Criteria Analysis (MCA)

• PROMETHEE method is well accepted by decision-makers because it is comprehensive and has the ability to present results using simple ranking

• Method PROMETHEE I ranks actions by a partial pre-order

• Method PROMETHEE II ranks actions by total pre-ordercalculating net flow

• It was developed by J.P. Brans and B. Mareschal in 1982

• It starts with definition of problem, i.e. multi-criteria table:

Actions (rows)

• Possible decisions or alternatives

• Items to evaluate

Criteria (columns)

• Quantitative or qualitative

• Values in any scale or unit (m2, €, kg, 5-scale grade, Yes/No, etc.)

* http://homepages.ulb.ac.be/~bmaresc/PROMETHEE.htm

http://www.promethee-gaia.net/

PROMETHEE method (J.P. Brans and B. Mareschal, 1982)*

Action 1

Action 2

Action 3

Action 4

Action 5

…

Actions can be Mine Action projects (for countries, counties, municipalities, infrastructural objects, etc.), minefields, SHA, demining technologies and equipment, etc.

Multi-criteria table

Actions can be Mine Action projects (for countries, counties, municipalities, infrastructural objects, etc.), SHA, demining technologies and equipment, etc.

Crit. 1(unit)

Crit. 2(unit)

Crit. 3(unit)

Crit. 4(unit)

…

Action 1

Action 2

Action 3

Action 4

Action 5

…

Criteria are defined by stakeholders or decision-makers.

Usually, four general criteria are used: economical,technical, social, and safety (human and environmental).

Multi-criteria table

Crit. 1(k€)

Crit. 2(rating)

Crit. 3(scale)

Crit. 4(Y/N) …

Action 1 18 135 Good Yes …

Action 2 9 147 Bad Yes …

Action 3 15 129 Very Good No …

Action 4 12 146 Very Bad No …

Action 5 7 121 Good Yes …

… … … … … …

Weight 3 (15%) 4 (20%) 9 (45%) 4 (20%)

Additional information: Perception of scales (i.e. Types of Preference function)

Multi-criteria table

Input Black box Output

Axxa

na ),(

1

1)(

Axax

na ),(

1

1)(

)()()( aaa

Method PROMETHEE I ranks actions by a

partial pre-order, with the following

dominance flows:

Method PROMETHEE II ranks the actions by

total pre-order:

An input is a matrix consisting of set of potential

alternatives (actions) A, where each a element of A

has its f(a) which represents evaluation of one criteria:

An output is set of ranked alternatives (i.e. demining

priorities):

PROMETHEE method

Criteria set for setting of demining priorities

• Criteria set for setting of demining priorities should concern:

Terrain characteristics (slope, accessibility, etc.) and suspected minefield characteristics (mine density, risk degree, information reliability, mine types, etc.)

Social parameters, such as demographic data (population structure, nationality, family structure, etc.)

Economic parameters (basic economic mainstay of population, employment, average income, potential of the area, expected positive effect after humanitarian demining, etc.)

Political parameters, such as direct intervention from the state level or donors (return of refuges, areas under special state auspices, boundary areas, etc.)

Legislative parameters (property structure, general purpose of the area, etc.)

Result: Web-based Decision Support System

• Since several stakeholders, usually dislocated, are included in the priority setting process a new Web-based Decision Support System (Web DSS) has been developed as Web application

• It couples GIS thematic layers and MCA making it accessible via friendly user interface to different stakeholders

• Using developed Web DSS priority setting has become fully transparent since stakeholders and donors are able to actively join decision making process using on-line Web application

• Additionally, predefined Scenarios (criteria weights sets) have been made

Web DSS: Geographic-Information-System-based

Web DSS: Mine Action Community Case Studies

Web DSS: Sisacko-moslavacka County Case Study

Web DSS: MCA for County level (Tactical level)

Web DSS: Results of MCA for County level

Web DSS: MCA Scenario selection

Web DSS: MCA Tool for MAC

Web DSS: MCA Tool for MAC

Web DSS: Other tools

Web DSS: Live demonstration

http://tiramisu.maps.arcgis.com

Acknowledgments

• Research and development of Web DSS “GIS-based Multi-Criteria Analysis of priority selection in humanitarian demining” have been done by University of Split in collaboration with the Croatian Mine Action Center - Center for Testing, Development and Training Ltd. (HCR-CTRO d.o.o.)

• Developed Web DSS (http://tiramisu.maps.arcgis.com) is supported by FP7 Project TIRAMISU

Contact:

Prof. Nenad Mladineo, Ph.D.University of Split, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Architecture and Geodesymladineo@gradst.hr