GIS 1 GIS Lecture 3 GIS Outputs. GIS 2 Outline Map Design Principles Map Audiences Map Layouts...
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Transcript of GIS 1 GIS Lecture 3 GIS Outputs. GIS 2 Outline Map Design Principles Map Audiences Map Layouts...
GIS 1
GIS Lecture 3
GIS Outputs
GIS 2
Outline
• Map Design Principles• Map Audiences• Map Layouts• Scales• Multiple Maps• Reports and Graphs on a Layout• Exporting Maps• Other Map Outputs
GIS 3
Map Design Principles
•Design maps for appropriate medium-Print vs. electronic
•Link layouts to map purpose•Planning a layout•Choose appropriate export options
GIS 4
Map Audiences Map Use: Exploration Presentation Audience: Trained Analyst General Public
GIS 5
Map Audiences Map Use: Exploration Presentation Audience: Trained Analyst General Public
Purpose: Visual Thinking Communication
GIS 6
Map Audiences Map Use: Exploration Presentation Audience: Trained Analyst General Public
Purpose: Visual Thinking Communication
Advantages: Graphical Believable
GIS 7
Map Audiences Map Use: Exploration Presentation Audience: Trained Analyst General Public
Purpose: Visual Thinking Communication
Advantages: Graphical Believable
Granularity: Fine Coarse
GIS 8
Map Audiences Map Use: Exploration Presentation Audience: Trained Analyst General Public
Purpose: Visual Thinking Communication
Advantages: Graphical Believable
Granularity: Fine Coarse
Symbols: Abstract Mimeticcapital
railroad
GIS 9
GIS 10
Number of Pedestrian Injuries by NeighborhoodCity of Pittsburgh
Data obtained from Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, 2000-2005
GIS 11
Population under 14 by NeighborhoodCity of Pittsburgh
Data obtained from U.S Census, 2000
GIS 12
Injury Rate by NeighborhoodCity of Pittsburgh
Data obtained from Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, 2000-2005
0.08 - 1.00
1.01 - 2.00
2.01 - 5.80
Injury Rate By Neighborhood(injuries/1,000)
Map Layouts
GIS 14
Map Layouts
Includes all of the elements of a stand alone map•Make the map the largest and most prominent element of the layout
•Put a rectangular boundary around the map (called a neat line by cartographers) to help draw attention to it as the central element
•Include a map title-The title needs to include information minimally answering the three questions what, where, and when.
GIS 15
Map Layouts (Continued)
•Include a legend for symbols placed in the lower-right or left of the layout-No need to label it Legend. Everyone will know what it is (this eliminates “chart junk”)
•Include data sources•Ensure legibility•Include a graphic map scale if your audience is not familiar with the area shown
•Do not include a north arrow unless the top of your map is not north
GIS 16
Map Layouts (Continued)
•Occasionally include other components as needed such as a data table listing, a frequency bar chart for the attribute of a choropleth map, or a photograph
GIS 17
ArcView Layouts
GIS 18
GIS 19
Other Map ElementsNeatline, Scale, Additional Text, Photos
Example of a bad map...
A better map…
Map Scales
GIS 23
Dimensionless Map Scales
•ratio that relates a unit of measure on a map to some number of the same units of measure on the earth's surface
•1:25,000
•tells us that 1 unit of measure = 25,000 of the same units on the earth's surface
•1” on the map = 25,000 inches on the earth's surface
•one meter or one yard or one kilometer or one mile would represent 25,000 meters or yards or kilometers or miles, respectively, on the earth's surface.
GIS 24
Large and Small Scale Maps
1:5,000 is large scale
Large Scale Map Small Scale Map
1:50,000,000 is small scale
GIS 25
Commonly Used Map Scales
http://id.water.usgs.gov/reference/map_scales.html
GIS 26
USGS Scales
http://www.carolinamapdistributors.com/products/topo/mapscales.htm
GIS 27
Map Units
Feet or meter is the map unit for many local government GIS applications
GIS 28
Map Units Inch is the map unit for CAD
applications
GIS 29
Scale 1:100,000
Scale
GIS 30
Scale 1:24,000
GIS 31
Scale 1:10,000
GIS 32
Scale 1:2,000
Multiple Maps, Reports, and Graphs
GIS 34
Multiple Maps – Comparing Data
Reports and Graphs
GIS 36
Reports on a LayoutSelect records to include
GIS 37
Reports on a LayoutGenerate a report
GIS 38
Reports on a LayoutAdd report to the layout
GIS 39
Graphs on a LayoutSelect records to includeCreate a graph and include on layout
GIS 40
Importing ChartsCreate graph in excelCopy and Paste object to layout
Population
050000
100000150000200000250000300000350000400000
Califo
rnia
Oklaho
ma
Arizon
a
New M
exico
Texa
s
North
Car
olina
Wash
ingt
on
New Y
ork
South
Dak
ota
Mich
igan
Mon
tana
Minn
esot
a
Population
Exporting Maps
GIS 42
Exporting MapsExport Images
GIS 43
Exporting MapsExport Images
GIS 44
Exporting MapsExport PDFs
GIS 45
Exporting MapsCopying to PowerPoint-copy individual objects
GIS 46
Exporting MapsPaste into PowerPoint or another application-paste objects individually
Other Outputs
GIS 48
Other Outputs
•ARCIMS (Internet Mapping Server)•ArcExplorer (Free Viewer)•ArcReader (Free Viewer)
GIS 49
Other OutputsWEB Based Interactive GIS-ArcIMS-http://www.esri.com/software/internetmaps
GIS 50
Other OutputsMunicipality of Anchorage, Anchorage Alaska -http://home.muni.org/contents1/maps.cfm
GIS 51
Other OutputsArcExplorer-Free GIS Viewing Application-http://www.esri.com/software/arcexplorer
GIS 52
ArcReader-Free GIS Viewing Application-http://www.esri.com/software/arcgis/arcreader/index.html-
Other Outputs
GIS 53
Summary
• Map Design Principles• Map Audiences• Map Layouts• Scales• Multiple Maps• Reports and Graphs on a Layout• Exporting Maps• Other Map Outputs