Gingivitis
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Transcript of Gingivitis
GINGIVITISMEDICAL DEPARTMENT DENTAID
• Definition • Signs• Aetiology• Classification • Epidemiology • Diagnosis• Prevention strategies• Treatment• Conclusions
Definition
• Gingivitis is a form of gum disease characterised by reversible gingival inflammation without destruction of tooth-supporting tissues, periodontal ligament or bone
Signs • Redness
• Increased volume
• Change in texture
• Bleeding
Aetiology
• Bacterial: Formation of oral biofilm• Immuno-inflammatory response:
innate (nonspecific) and adaptive (specific)
• Genetic: family history• Habits: tobacco smoking, stress• Systemic diseases or conditions:
diabetes, pregnancy
Classification
•Plaque-induced gingival diseases
•Non-plaque-induced gingival diseases
Armitage G. Development of a classification system for periodontal diseases and condictions. Annals of Perio 1999
Epidemiology
• Around 50-60% population > 35 years
• Up to 80% of children and adolescents
Llodra JC. Oral Health Survey in Spain 2010. RCOE 2012. 17 (1): 13-41.
DiagnosisGINGIVITIS
Acute / Chronic Localised / generalised
Prevention Strategies• Mechanical biofilm removal:
• Manual or powered toothbrush: 2-3 times per day for at least 2 minutes
• Interdental hygiene: dental tape or floss and interproximal brushes
• Oral irrigators
• Professional cleaning: removal of calculus
Prevention Strategies• Chemical removal and/or alteration of biofilm:
• Toothpastes:• Cetylpyridinium chloride• Fluoride
• Mouthwashes:• Chlorhexidine• Cetylpyridinium chloride
Treatment• OH instruction and motivation:
plaque control• Eliminating poor habits: stop
smoking• Professional removal of biofilm:
using ultrasound, curettes, polishing
• Improving local and systemic conditions
Conclusions• Reversible inflammation
• Very common
• Mechanical and chemical prevention and treatment
• Role of oral healthcare professional is key