Gilles Villeneuve 1

Gilles Villeneuve

Gilles Villeneuve

Born 18 January 1950

Died 8 May 1982 (aged 32)

Formula One World Championship career

Nationality Canadian

Active years 1977–1982

Teams McLaren, Ferrari

Races 68 (67 starts)[1]

Championships 0 (2nd in 1979)

Wins 6

Podiums 13

Career points 101 (107)[2]

Pole positions 2

Fastest laps 8

First race 1977 British Grand Prix

First win 1978 Canadian Grand Prix

Last win 1981 Spanish Grand Prix

Last race 1982 Belgian Grand Prix

Joseph Gilles Henri Villeneuve, better known as Gilles Villeneuve (French pronunciation: [ʒil vilnœv]; January 18,1950 – May 8, 1982), was a Canadian racing driver. An enthusiast of cars and fast driving from an early age, hestarted his professional career in snowmobile racing in his native province of Quebec. He moved into single seaters,winning the US and Canadian Formula Atlantic championships in 1976, before being offered a drive in Formula Onewith the McLaren team at the 1977 British Grand Prix. He was taken on by reigning world champions Ferrari for theend of the season and from 1978 to his death in 1982 drove for the Italian team. He won six Grand Prix races in ashort career at the highest level. In 1979, he finished second by four points in the championship to team-mate JodyScheckter.Villeneuve died in a 140 mph (225 km/h) crash with the March of Jochen Mass during qualifying for the 1982 Belgian Grand Prix at Zolder. The accident came less than two weeks after an intense argument with his team-mate, Didier Pironi, over Pironi's move to pass Villeneuve at the preceding San Marino Grand Prix. At the time of his

Gilles Villeneuve 2

death, Villeneuve was extremely popular with fans and has since become an iconic figure in the history of the sport.His son, Jacques Villeneuve, became Formula One world champion in 1997 and, to date, the only Canadian to winthe Formula One World Championship.

Personal and early lifeVilleneuve was born in Richelieu, a small town in the largely French-speaking province of Quebec in Canada andgrew up in Berthierville.[3] He married Joann Barthe in 1970, with whom he had two children, Jacques andMelanie.[4] During his early career Villeneuve took his family on the road with him in a motorhome during theracing season, a habit which he continued to some extent during his Formula One career.[5] He often claimed to havebeen born in 1952. By the time he got his break in Formula One, he was already 27 years old and took two years offhis age to avoid being considered too old to make it at the highest level of motorsports.[6]

Niki Lauda said of him, "He was the craziest devil I ever came across in Formula 1... The fact that, for all this, hewas a sensitive and lovable character rather than an out-and-out hell-raiser made him such a unique human being".[7]

His younger brother Jacques also had a successful racing career in Formula Atlantic, Can Am and CART.[8] Gilles'son, also named Jacques, won the Indianapolis 500 and CART championships in 1995 and became Formula OneWorld Champion in 1997.[9]

Early career

Villeneuve's 1973 Magnum MkIII Formula Fordcar, with which he won the Quebec Formula Ford

championship.

Villeneuve started competitive driving in local drag-racing events,entering his road car, a modified 1967 Ford Mustang. He was soonbored by this[10] and entered the Jim Russell Racing School at LeCircuit Mont Tremblant to gain a racing licence. He then had a verysuccessful season in Quebec regional Formula Ford, running his owntwo-year-old car and winning seven of the ten races he entered.[11] Thenext year he progressed to Formula Atlantic, competing there for fouryears, running his own car again for one of those seasons. He won hisfirst Atlantic race in 1975 at Gimli Motosport Park in heavy rain. In1976, teamed with Chris Harrison's Ecurie Canada and factory Marchrace engineer Ray Wardell, he dominated the season by winning all butone of the races and taking the US and Canadian titles. He won the Canadian championship again in 1977.

Money was very tight in Villeneuve's early career. He was a professional racing driver from his late teens, with noother income. In the first few years the bulk of his income actually came from snowmobile racing, where he wasextremely successful. He could demand appearance money as well as race money, especially after winning the 1974World Championship Snowmobile Derby. His second season in Formula Atlantic was part-sponsored by hissnowmobile manufacturer, Skiroule.[12] He credited some of his success to his snowmobiling days: "Every winter,you would reckon on three or four big spills — and I'm talking about being thrown on to the ice at 100 miles perhour. Those things used to slide a lot, which taught me a great deal about control. And the visibility was terrible!Unless you were leading, you could see nothing, with all the snow blowing about. Good for the reactions — and itstopped me having any worries about racing in the rain."[13]

Gilles Villeneuve 3

Formula One careerAfter Villeneuve impressed James Hunt by beating him and several other Grand Prix stars in a non-championshipFormula Atlantic race at Trois-Rivières in 1976, Hunt's McLaren team offered Villeneuve a Formula One deal for upto five races in a third car during the 1977 season.[14] Villeneuve made his debut at the 1977 British Grand Prix,where he qualified 9th in McLaren's old M23, splitting the regular drivers Hunt and Jochen Mass who were drivingnewer M26s. In the race he set fifth fastest lap and finished 11th after being delayed for two laps by a faultytemperature gauge. The British press coverage of Villeneuve's performance was generally complimentary, includingJohn Blunsden's comment in The Times that "Anyone seeking a future World Champion need look no further thanthis quietly assured young man."[15]

Despite this, shortly after the British race McLaren's experienced team manager Teddy Mayer decided not tocontinue with Villeneuve for the following year. His explanation was that Villeneuve "was looking as though hemight be a bit expensive" and that Patrick Tambay, the team's eventual choice for 1978, was showing similarpromise.[16] Villeneuve was left with no solid options for 1978, although Canadian Walter Wolf, for whomVilleneuve had driven in Can-Am racing, considered giving him a drive at Wolf Racing and also recommended himto the Ferrari team's founder, Enzo Ferrari. Rumours circulated that Villeneuve was one of several drivers in whomthe Italian team was interested, and in August 1977 he flew to Italy to meet Ferrari, who was immediately remindedof the pre-war European champion Tazio Nuvolari: "When they presented me with this 'piccolo canadese', thisminuscule bundle of nerves, I immediately recognised in him the physique of Nuvolari and said to myself, let's givehim a try."[17] Ferrari was satisfied with Villeneuve's promise after a session at Ferrari's Fiorano test track, despitethe Canadian making many mistakes and setting relatively slow times, and Villeneuve signed to drive for Ferrari inthe last two races of the 1977 season and the 1978 season.[18] Villeneuve later remarked that: "If someone said to methat you can have three wishes, my first would have been to get into racing, my second to be in Formula 1, my thirdto drive for Ferrari..."[13]

Villeneuve's arrival was one factor that prompted Ferrari driver Niki Lauda to quit the team at the 1977 CanadianGrand Prix at Mosport having already clinched his second championship with the Italian team.[19] Villeneuve retiredfrom the race after sliding off the track on another competitor's oil. He also raced in the Japanese Grand Prix, butretired on lap five when he tried to outbrake the Tyrrell P34 of Ronnie Peterson. The pair banged wheels causingVilleneuve's Ferrari to became airborne. It landed on a group of spectators watching the race from a prohibited area,killing one spectator and a race marshal and injuring ten people. After an investigation into the incident no blamewas apportioned and, although he was "terribly sad" at the deaths, Villeneuve did not feel responsible for them.[20]

Villeneuve sitting on his car at Imola in 1979.

The 1978 season saw a succession of retirements for Villeneuve, oftenafter problems with the new Michelin radial tyres. Early in the season,he started on the front row at the United States Grand Prix West, butcrashed out of the lead on lap 39. Despite calls in the Italian press forhim to be replaced, Ferrari persisted with him. Towards the end of theseason, Villeneuve's results improved. He finished second on the roadat the Italian Grand Prix, although he was penalised a minute forjumping the start, and ran second at the United States Grand Prixbefore his engine failed. Finally at the season-ending Canadian GrandPrix at Circuit Île Notre-Dame (a circuit that was eventually namedafter him) Villeneuve scored his first Grand Prix win after Jean-Pierre

Jarier's Lotus stopped with engine trouble.[21] As of 2010, he is the only Canadian to win his home race.

Gilles Villeneuve 4

In the 1979 French Grand Prix Villeneuve andRené Arnoux had a memorable duel for second

place.

Villeneuve was joined by Jody Scheckter in 1979 after CarlosReutemann moved to Lotus. Villeneuve won three races during theyear. The 1979 French Grand Prix is remembered for Villeneuve'swheel-banging duel with René Arnoux in the last laps of the race.[22]

Arnoux passed Villeneuve for second place with three laps to go, butVilleneuve re-passed him on the next lap. On the final lap Arnouxattempted to pass Villeneuve again, and the pair ran side-by-sidethrough the first few corners of the lap, making contact several times.Arnoux took the position but Villeneuve attempted an outside pass onecorner later. The cars bumped hard, Villeneuve slid wide but thenpassed Arnoux on the inside at a hairpin turn and held him off for thelast half of the lap to secure second place. Villeneuve commentedafterwards, "I tell you, that was really fun! I thought for sure we were going to get on our heads, you know, becausewhen you start interlocking wheels it's very easy for one car to climb over another."[23] At the Dutch Grand Prix aslow puncture collapsed Villeneuve's left rear tyre and put him off the track. He returned to the circuit and limpedback to the pits on three wheels, losing the damaged wheel on the way. On his return to the pits Villeneuve insistedthat the team replace the missing wheel, and had to be persuaded that the car was beyond repair.[24] Villeneuve couldhave won the World Championship by beating Scheckter at the Italian Grand Prix, but chose to follow team ordersand finish behind him, ending his own championship challenge. The pair finished first and second in thechampionship, with Scheckter beating Villeneuve by just four points. During the extremely wet Friday practicesession for the season-ending United States Grand Prix, Villeneuve set a time variously reported to be either 9 or 11seconds faster than any other driver. His team-mate Jody Scheckter, who was second fastest, recalled that "I scaredmyself rigid that day. I thought I had to be quickest. Then I saw Gilles's time and — I still don't really understandhow it was possible. Eleven seconds!"[25]

The 1980 season was a complete disaster for Ferrari. Villeneuve had been considered favourite for the driverschampionship by UK bookmakers,[26] but only scored six points in the whole campaign in the 312T5 which had onlypartial ground effects. Scheckter scored only two points and retired at the end of the season.For the 1981 season, Ferrari introduced their first turbo engined F1 car, the 126C, which produced tremendouspower but was let down by its poor handling. Villeneuve was partnered with Didier Pironi who noted that Villeneuve"had a little family [at Ferrari] but he made me welcome and made me feel at home overnight ... [He] treated me asan equal in every way."[27] Villeneuve won two races during the season. At the Spanish Grand Prix Villeneuve keptfive quicker cars behind him for most of the race using the superior straight-line speed of his car. After an hour and46 minutes of racing Villeneuve led second-placed Jacques Laffite by only 0.22 seconds. Fifth-placed Elio deAngelis was only just over a second further back.[28] Harvey Postlethwaite, designer of the 126C, later commented"That car...had literally one quarter of the downforce that, say Williams or Brabham had. It had a power advantageover the Cosworths for sure, but it also had massive throttle lag at that time. In terms of sheer ability I think Gilleswas on a different plane to the other drivers. To win those races, the 1981 GPs at Monaco and Jarama — on tightcircuits — was quite out of this world. I know how bad that car was."[29] At the 1981 Canadian Grand PrixVilleneuve damaged the front wing of his Ferrari and drove for most of the race in heavy rain with the wingobscuring his view ahead. There was a risk of being black flagged but eventually the wing became detached andVilleneuve drove on to finish third with the nose section of his car missing.The first few races of the 1982 season were promising. Villeneuve led in Brazil in the new 126/C2, before spinning into retirement, and finished third at the United States Grand Prix West although he was later disqualified for a technical infringement. The Ferraris were handed an unexpected advantage at the San Marino Grand Prix as an escalation of the FISA-FOCA war saw the FOCA teams boycott the race, effectively leaving Renault as Ferrari's only serious opposition. With Renault driver Prost retiring from fourth place on lap 7 followed by his team-mate

Gilles Villeneuve 5

Arnoux on the 44th lap Ferrari seemed to have the win guaranteed. In order to conserve fuel and ensure the carsfinished the Ferrari team ordered both drivers to slow down. Villeneuve believed that the order also meant that thedrivers were to maintain position but Pironi passed Villeneuve. A few laps later Villeneuve re-passed Pironi andslowed down again, believing that Pironi was simply trying to entertain the Italian crowd. On the last lap Pironipassed and aggressively chopped across the front of Villeneuve and took the win. Villeneuve was irate as he believedthat Pironi had disobeyed the order to hold position. Meanwhile Pironi claimed that he had done nothing wrong asthe team had only ordered the cars to slow down, not maintain position. Villeneuve stated after the race "I think it iswell known that if I want someone to stay behind me and I am faster, then he stays behind me."[30] Feeling betrayedand angry Villeneuve vowed never to speak to Pironi again.[31]

In 2007, former Marlboro marketer John Hogan disputed the claim that Pironi had gone back on a prior arrangementwith Villeneuve. He said: "Neither of them would ever have agreed to what effectively was throwing a race. I thinkGilles was stunned somebody had out-driven him and that it just caught him so much by surprise." Hogan's companysponsored Pironi while he was at Ferrari. A comparison of the lap times of the two drivers showed that Villeneuvelapped far slower when he was in the lead, suggesting that he had indeed been trying to save fuel.[32]

DeathOn May 8, 1982, Villeneuve died after an accident during the final qualifying session for the Belgian Grand Prix atZolder. At the time of the crash, Pironi had set a time 0.1s faster than Villeneuve for sixth place. Villeneuve wasusing his final set of qualifying tyres, which were probably already past their best, and many writers say that he wasattempting to improve his time on his final lap. Some suggest that he was specifically aiming to beat Pironi.[33]

However, Villeneuve's biographer Gerald Donaldson quotes Ferrari race engineer Mauro Forghieri as saying that theCanadian, although pressing on in his usual fashion, was returning to the pits when the accident occurred.[34] If so,he would not have set a time on that lap.With eight minutes of the session left, Villeneuve came over the rise after the first chicane and caught Jochen Masstravelling much more slowly through the left-handed bend before the Terlamenbocht corner. Mass saw Villeneuveapproaching at high speed and moved to the right to let him through on the racing line. At the same instantVilleneuve also moved right to pass the slower car. The Ferrari hit the back of Mass' car and was launched into theair at a speed estimated at 200–225 km/h (120–140 mph). It was airborne for more than 100 m before nosedivinginto the ground and disintegrating as it somersaulted along the edge of the track. Villeneuve, still strapped to his seat,but without his helmet, was thrown a further 50 m from the wreckage into the catch fencing on the outside edge ofthe Terlamenbocht corner.[34] [35]

Several drivers stopped and rushed to the scene. John Watson and Derek Warwick pulled Villeneuve, his face blue,from the catch fence.[36] The first doctor arrived within 35 seconds to find that Villeneuve was not breathing,although his pulse continued; he was intubated and ventilated before being transferred to the circuit medical centreand then by helicopter to University St Raphael Hospital where a fatal fracture of the neck was diagnosed.[37]

Villeneuve was kept alive on life support while his wife travelled to the hospital and the doctors consulted withspecialists worldwide. He died at 9:12 that evening.[34]

Gilles Villeneuve 6

LegacyAt the funeral in Berthierville former team-mate Jody Scheckter delivered a simple eulogy: "I will miss Gilles fortwo reasons. First, he was the fastest driver in the history of motor racing. Second, he was the most genuine man Ihave ever known. But he has not gone. The memory of what he has done, what he achieved, will always bethere."[38]

Villeneuve is still remembered at Grand Prix races, especially those in Italy. At the Autodromo Enzo e Dino Ferrari,the venue of the San Marino Grand Prix, a corner was named after him and a Canadian flag is painted on the thirdslot on the starting grid, from which he started his last race. There is also a bronze bust of him at the entrance to theFerrari test track at Fiorano.[39] At Zolder the corner where Villeneuve died has been turned into a chicane andnamed after him.[40]

"Salut Gilles" sign at the Circuit GillesVilleneuve start-finish line

The racetrack on Île Notre-Dame, Montreal, host to the Formula OneCanadian Grand Prix and NASCAR Nationwide Series, was namedCircuit Gilles Villeneuve in his honour at the Canadian Grand Prix of1982. His homeland has continued to honour him: In Berthierville amuseum was opened in 1992 and a lifelike statue stands in a nearbypark which was also named in his honour.[39] Villeneuve was inductedinto the Canadian Motorsport Hall of Fame at their inaugural inductionceremony at the Four Seasons Hotel, Toronto, Ontario on August 19,1993. In June 1997 Canada also issued a postage stamp in his honour.

There is still a huge demand for Villeneuve memorabilia at therace-track shops and several books have been written about him. Thenumber 27, the number of his Ferrari in 1981 and 1982, is still closely associated with him by fans. Jean Alesi whoseaggression and speed in the wet were compared to Villeneuve's[41] also used the number at Ferrari. Villeneuve's son,Jacques, drove the #27 during his 1995 Champ Car and Indianapolis 500 winning season with Barry Green and hasalso used the number for occasional drives in NASCAR and the Speedcar Series. A film based on the biography byGerald Donaldson was announced in 2005, intended for release in 2007, but as of 2010 has not emerged.[42]

A museum dedicated to him was constructed in Berthierville (hometown of the legendary driver), Québec, Canada,in 1988. Still today, visitors from over 30 countries visit the museum each year. The Gilles-Villeneuve museum'scollection contains over 15 racing cars, from Gilles to his son Jacques (F1 World Champion in 1997). The museum'smission is to perpetuate the memory of Gilles Villeneuve, through the years... the generations. Adress : 960, avenueGilles-Villeneuve, Berthierville, Québec, Canada, J0K 1A0 [43]

In popular cultureThe popular Belgian comics series Michel Vaillant by Jean Graton is set in the world of motor racing and, althoughlargely fictional, often includes real-life figures including drivers, officials and journalists. Villeneuve appears in anumber of stories, and in Steve Warson contre Michel Vaillant (fr: "Steve Warson versus Michel Vaillant") becomesthe 1980 World Champion (though in the 1981 season, covered in Rififi en F1 ("F1 in Chaos"), Graton acknowledgesAlan Jones as the real Champion).[44]

Gilles Villeneuve 7

HelmetVilleneuve's helmet carried a stylised 'V' in red on either side — an effect he devised with his wife Joann. The basecolour was black.[45] His son, Jacques, uses the same basic design, but like his contemporary, Christian Fittipaldi, hehas changed the colours. British driver Perry McCarthy also used this design and color scheme on his helmet, butwith the design in reverse.

Complete Formula One World Championship results(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position; races in italics indicate fastest lap)

Year

Entrant Chassis Engine 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17

WDCPts.

[2]

1977 Marlboro

Team

McLaren

McLaren

M23

Cosworth

V8

ARG BRA RSA USW ESP MON BEL SWE FRA GBR11

GER AUT NED ITA USA NC 0

Scuderia

Ferrari

Ferrari

312T2

Ferrari

Flat-12

CAN12

JPNRet

1978 Scuderia

Ferrari

Ferrari

312T2

Ferrari

Flat-12

ARG8

BRARet

9th 17

Ferrari

312T3

Ferrari

Flat-12

RSARet

USWRet

MONRet

BEL4

ESP10

SWE9

FRA12

GBRRet

GER8

AUT3

NED6

ITA7

USARet

CAN1

1979 Scuderia

Ferrari

Ferrari

312T3

Ferrari

Flat-12

ARGRet

BRA5

2nd 47

(53)

Ferrari

312T4

Ferrari

Flat-12

RSA1

USW

1ESP

7BEL

7MONRet

FRA2

GBR14

GER8

AUT2

NEDRet

ITA2

CAN2

USA1

1980 Scuderia

Ferrari

Ferrari

312T5

Ferrari

Flat-12

ARGRet

BRA16

RSARet

USWRet

BEL6

MON5

FRA8

GBRRet

GER6

AUT8

NED7

ITARet

CAN5

USARet

12th 6

1981 Scuderia

Ferrari

Ferrari

126CK

Ferrari

V6

USWRet

BRARet

ARGRet

SMR

7BEL

4MON

1ESP

1FRARet

GBRRet

GER10

AUTRet

NEDRet

ITARet

CAN3

CPLDSQ

7th 25

1982 Scuderia

Ferrari

Ferrari

126C2

Ferrari

V6

RSARet

BRARet

USWDSQ

SMR2

BELDNS

MON DET CAN NED GBR FRA GER AUT SUI ITA CPL 15th 6

References[1] "Gilles entered 68 races but only started 67" (http:/ / web. archive. org/ web/ 20070702170436/ http:/ / www. gpracing. net192. com/ drivers/

careers/ 600. cfm). (http:/ / www. gpracing. net192. com). 2006-06-09. Archived from the original (http:/ / www. gpracing. net192. com/drivers/ careers/ 600. cfm) on 2 July 2007. . Retrieved 9 July 2006.

[2] Up until 1990, not all points scored by a driver contributed to their final World Championship tally (see list of points scoring systems formore information). Numbers without parentheses are Championship points; numbers in parentheses are total points scored.

[3] Donaldson (2003) pp.11–13[4] Donaldson (2003) p.27–29[5] Donaldson (2003) pp.50–51, 114[6] Donaldson (2003) p.11[7] "Legends claimed by the track" (http:/ / news. bbc. co. uk/ sport1/ hi/ other_sports/ 1178492. stm). BBC. 2001-02-19. .[8] "Jacques Villeneuve (Senior) injured" (http:/ / www. grandprix. com/ ns/ ns19993. html). Inside F1, Inc. . Retrieved 2009-02-20.[9] Donaldson, Gerald. "Hall of Fame: Jacques Villeneuve" (http:/ / www. formula1. com/ teams_and_drivers/ hall_of_fame/ 5/ ). Formula One

Administration Ltd.. . Retrieved 2009-02-20.[10] Donaldson (2003) p.21[11] Donaldson (2003) p.30–31[12] Donaldson (2003) p.41[13] Roebuck (1986) p.211

Gilles Villeneuve 8

[14] Donaldson (2003) pp.63–67[15] Donaldson (2003) p.88. Denis Jenkinson noted "the smooth, confident way that he had driven" and Nigel Roebuck said the he had

"demonstrated enormous natural talent."[16] Donaldson (2003) pp.90–91[17] Donaldson (2003) pp.107–108[18] Donaldson (2003) pp.95–104[19] Donaldson (2003) p.111[20] Donaldson (2003) pp.120–122[21] Fearnley (August 2006)[22] Donaldson (2003) p.184–187[23] Donaldson (2003) p.187[24] Donaldson (2003) pp.194–196[25] Roebuck (1986) p.208 gives the gap as 11 seconds. Walker (January 1980) reports the gap to be 9 seconds. Autosport (11th October 1979 p.

17) reports Villeneuve's lap to be 2:01.437 and second placed Scheckter's 2:11.089, a gap being 9.652 sec)[26] Donaldson (2003) p.223[27] Donaldson (2003) p.240[28] Donaldson (2003) pp.253–256[29] Roebuck (1986) p.214[30] Roebuck (1999) p.182[31] Donaldson (2003) p.289[32] "Doubt over facts of Villeneuve-Pironi row" (http:/ / www. f1fanatic. co. uk/ 2007/ 07/ 24/ doubt-over-facts-of-villeneuve-pironi-row/ ).

F1Fanatic.co.uk. 2007. . Retrieved 2007-07-24.[33] Bamsey (1983) p.50, Lang (1992) pp.96–97, Watkins (1997) p.98 and Fearnley (May, 2007) all write that Villeneuve was attempting to beat

Pironi. Jenkinson (June 1982) writes only that he "was in the middle of a last desperate bid to improve his grid position."[34] Donaldson (2003) pp.296–298[35] Lang (1992) p.97[36] Fearnley (May, 2007)[37] Watkins (1997) pp.96–98[38] Donaldson (2003) p.304[39] Donaldson (2003) pp.305–306[40] "Zolder" (http:/ / www. grandprix. com/ gpe/ cir-076. html). Inside F1, inc. . Retrieved 2009-02-08.[41] Andrews, Mark (1999). "Jean Alesi: The Wrong Time and the Wrong Place" (http:/ / atlasf1. autosport. com/ 99/ fra/ andrews. html).

atlasf1.autosport.com. . Retrieved 2007-08-25.[42] "Villeneuve (archived version)" (http:/ / web. archive. org/ web/ 20060419154348/ http:/ / www. imdb. com/ title/ tt0449114/ ). IMDB.com,

inc. Archived from the original (http:/ / www. imdb. com/ title/ tt0449114/ ) on 2006-04-19. . Retrieved 2009-02-08.[43] http:/ / www. museegillesvilleneuve. com/ Website of the museum Gilles Villeneuve[44] Dossiers Michel Vaillant 'Gilles Villeneuve' (http:/ / pal-degome. bleublog. lematin. ch/ archive/ 2008/ 06/ 03/

dossiers-michel-vaillant-gilles-villeneuve. html) - review of a book on Villeneuve, published under the Michel Vaillant banner[45] Donaldson, Gerald (1989, 2003) Gilles Villeneuve p.95 Virgin Books ISBN 0-7535-0747-1

Books• Donaldson, Gerald (2003). Gilles Villeneuve: The Life of the Legendary Racing Driver. London: Virgin.

ISBN 0753507471.• Bamsey, Ian (1983). Automobile Sport 82-83. City: Haynes Manuals. ISBN 0946321019.• Lang, Mike (1992). Grand Prix! vol.4. Sparkford: Foulis. ISBN 0854297332.• Roebuck, Nigel (1986). Grand Prix Greats. Cambridge: P. Stephens. ISBN 0850597927.• Roebuck, Nigel (1999). Chasing the Title. City: Haynes Publications. ISBN 1859606040.• Watkins, Sid (1997). Life at the Limit: Triumph and Tragedy in Formula One. City: Pan Books.

ISBN 0330351397.

Gilles Villeneuve 9

Magazines• Fearnley, Paul (August 2006). "Profile: Ferrari 312T3". Motor Sport (Haymarket): pp. 52–61.• Fearnley, Paul (May 2007). "It's war. Absolutely war.". Motor Sport (Haymarket): pp. 52–61.• Jenkinson, Denis (June 1982). "Grote Prijs van Belgie". Motor Sport (Motor Sport Magazine Ltd.): pp. 708–712.• Walker, Rob (January 1980). "US GP Report". Road & Track: pp. 104–107.All Formula One race and championship results are taken from:• Official Formula 1 website. Archive: Results for 1977 — 1982 seasons www.formula1.com (http:/ / www.

formula1. com/ results/ driver/ 1977/ 241. html) Retrieved 6 February 2009All Pre-Formula One race and championship results are taken from:• Donaldson (2003) pp. 310–315

Further reading• de la Plante, Allan; Lecours, Pierre (1982). Villeneuve. Macmillan. ISBN 0-7715-9851-3.• Henry, Alan. Villeneuve (Kimberley's Racing Driver Profile No. 3). London: Kimberley's. ISBN 0-946132-224.• Roebuck, Nigel (1990). Gilles Villeneuve. Richmond: Hazleton. ISBN 0-905138-70-8.

External links• Canadian Motorsport Hall of Fame (http:/ / www. cmhf. ca/ )• http:/ / www. museegillesvilleneuve. com• CBC Digital Archives — Gilles Villeneuve: Racing at the speed of light (http:/ / archives. cbc. ca/ IDD-1-74-339/

people/ gilles_villeneuve/ )

Article Sources and Contributors 10

Article Sources and ContributorsGilles Villeneuve  Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=458080115  Contributors: 4u1e, Ahoerstemeier, AlexJ, Amchow78, Amedeofelix, Attilios, BD2412, Bearcat, Bjmullan,Blackjays1, Bobo192, Brad78, Bretonbanquet, Chaosdruid, Cheesey, Cherkash, Chr.K., Cirt, Cletonevio, ColinClark, Colonies Chris, Cs-wolves, Cybervoron, D.M.N., D6, DH85868993, DW,David Kernow, Dispenser, Drdisque, Echris1, Eddie6705, EeepEeep, Ericd, Erich Schmidt, Evillan, FBali, Footloos, Fordcapri, FreeSledder, FvdP, GMan552, GeorgeTheCar, Gerrardeight,GoldDragon, Good Olfactory, GregorB, HADRIANVS, HUB, Hailey C. Shannon, Hektor, HoldenV8, Hu, Ian6650, Imokru, Innv, Iricigor, J.smith, Jezpuh, JillandJack, Jnc, Joe Canuck, John,John Anderson, Jpfagerback, Julesd, Julianhall, Karpouzi, Kevyn, Kozuch, Kwamikagami, LOL, Lameform, Landev, Lec CRP1, Lightmouse, Lipis, Lucasgw8, Lyinginbedmon, M7, MarcoThomas, Mariokempes, Markaci, Marktreut, Matthead, Maxcheung, Mayumashu, Mazca, Meegs, Midgrid, MikeyMoose, Mitrius, Mixi, Morio, Moxy, MrZooLoo, Mxcatania, Neldav, Nick C,PaddyM, Pascal.Tesson, Paulhage, Pbirney, Phoe, Piniricc65, Poccil, Pyrope, RFBailey, Rbrwr, Rdikeman, Rdsmith4, Readro, Rich Farmbrough, Rivazza, Rjwilmsi, Roslagen, Royalbroil,Rwintle, SCEhardt, SandyGeorgia, SimonP, Sina Tootoonian, Sinistar946, Skeezix1000, Skully Collins, Snowdog, Spiderlounge, Sporti, Spute, Stefanomione, Stian1979, Suruena, Technan J,Ted Wilkes, Tedd, The Tramp, Thunderous503, Trusilver, TvKimi, UnclearWinter, United Accusations, Varlaam, Vvvracer, WOSlinker, Waelder, Warut, WilliamF1two, Williambodie,Willirennen, Xeon06, Y control, Yngwie308, 214 anonymous edits

Image Sources, Licenses and ContributorsFile:Villeneuve Monza 1981.jpg  Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Villeneuve_Monza_1981.jpg  License: Public Domain  Contributors: 4u1e, Attilios, Liftarn, WinhunterFile:Flag of Canada.svg  Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Flag_of_Canada.svg  License: Public Domain  Contributors: AnomieFile:Magnum MkIII Villeneuve Mont-Tremblant.JPG  Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Magnum_MkIII_Villeneuve_Mont-Tremblant.JPG  License: Creative CommonsAttribution-Sharealike 3.0  Contributors: John Chapman (Pyrope)File:Gilles Villeneuve 1979 Imola.jpg  Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Gilles_Villeneuve_1979_Imola.jpg  License: Creative Commons Attribution-Sharealike 2.0 Contributors: ideogibsFile:GillesVilleneuve ReneArnoux Dijion1979.jpg  Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:GillesVilleneuve_ReneArnoux_Dijion1979.jpg  License: unknown  Contributors:user:Skully CollinsFile:Circuit Gilles Villeneuve MAM2.JPG  Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Circuit_Gilles_Villeneuve_MAM2.JPG  License: GNU Free Documentation License Contributors: Maria Azzurra Mugnai

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