GILDED AGE CULTURE Unit VIC AP United States History.
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Transcript of GILDED AGE CULTURE Unit VIC AP United States History.
GILDED AGE CULTUREGILDED AGE CULTURE
Unit VICUnit VIC
AP United States HistoryAP United States History
Gilded Age Religion► American Christians
focused values toward consequences of industrialization and urbanization Social Gospel
► Increases Catholics, Jews
► New Christian Sects Christian Science
► Spiritual life over material Pentecostals
► Baptism in spirit; speaking in tongues
Salvation Army Jehovah’s Witnesses
► Millenialist
Temperance and Reform► Alcohol and vices blamed for
urban problems► Regulating Morality
Comstock Law (1873)
► Temperance Organizations National Prohibition Party
(1869) Women’s Christian
Temperance Union (WCTU) (1874)
► Frances E. Willard Antisaloon League (1893) Carrie Nation
► “Hatchetations”
► Reform Groups Planned parenthood Humane societies Anti-prostitution
Gilded Age Academics► Educational Reforms
Compulsory Education► Most states required 8-14 year olds
to attend schools Kindergartens Public Education
► Dramatic increase in high schools and adult education
► Comprehensive education► Led to 90% literacy rate
Colleges and Universities► Increased through federal legislation
and philanthropy► Science
Darwin and Natural Selection (Evolution) Technological Innovation
► Social Sciences Scientific method applied to behavioral
sciences Development of psychology, sociology,
political science► William James’s Principles of Psychology
Gilded Age Entertainment and Leisure► Causes
Urbanization, less working hours, advertisements
► Vaudevilles Popularized with family-friendly
subjects and material
► Saloons► Amusement Parks
Coney Island
► Circus P.T. Barnum
► Sports Spectator
► Baseball, boxing, football, basketball
Amateur► Golf, tennis
Realism and Naturalism
► Realism Objective reality Depict accurate and
true characters and settings
Absent of emotional embellishment
► Naturalism Depiction of objects
in natural settings Time and place
accuracy Brooklyn Bridge at NightEdward Willis Redfield1909
Gilded Age Art
► Ashcan School Depiction of New York
City urban life George Bellows
► James M. Whistler► Winslow Homer► Mary Cassatt
Both Members of This ClubGeorge Bellows1909
Winslow Homer’s Breezing Up
George Bellow’s New York
James Whistler’s Arrangement in Grey and Black No. 1 (Whistler’s Mother) (1871)
Mary Cassat’s The Child’s Bath (1893)
Gilded Age Architecture► Victorian Influence
Henry Hobson Richardson
► Louis Sullivan “Father of
Skyscrapers” “form follows
function”► Frank Lloyd Wright
“organic architecture”
► Foursquare Homes
Richardson’s Trinity Church
Frank Lloyd Wright’s Fallingwater
Foursquare Home
Gilded Age Press and Literature► Press
Joseph Pulitzer’s New York World & William Randolph Hearst► Sensationalism and scandals
Magazines► Editorial style based on investigative journalism► Forum
► Non-Fiction Toward facts, investigations, American expansion Helen Hunt Jackson’s A Century of Dishonor (1881) Alfred Thayer Mahan’s The Influence of Sea Power on History
(1890) Josiah Strong’s Our Country
► Literature Authors focused on character development and realism over
plot Lewis Wallace
► Ben-Hur: A Tale of Christ Mark Twain
► The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn► The Gilded Age: A Tale of Today
Stephen Crane► The Red Badge of Courage
Jack London► The Call of the Wild; White Fang
Gilded Age Music► Mainstream Music
John Philip Sousa – The March King► The Washington Post► Stars and Stripes Forever► Semper Fidelis
Screamers – Circus Marches► Entry of the Gladiators► Circus Bee
► Popular Music Ragtime
► Originated from black communities combining African syncopation and classical music
► Scott Joplin Maple Leaf Rag The Entertainer
The Blues► Originated c. 1890 from Deep South
based on ballads among slaves► Lyrics mostly soulful and melancholy