Emnet Alemu

Emnet Alemu

Emnet Alemu

Emnet Alemu

Living without a SI??? What would be sx??

Emnet Alemu

Emnet Alemu---Only 1-2L/day H2O lost fecesMost H2O absorbed SI

---Drinking excess H2O=>Hyponatermia=>coma (risk inc ,1yrs old bc low weight)

Emnet AlemuH2O

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Emnet Alemu

Emnet Alemu

Emnet Alemu

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Emnet Alemu

Emnet AlemuTRYPSIN** LIPASE AMYLASE BICARBONATE

Emnet Alemu

Emnet AlemuBILE "soap"

Emnet Alemu

Emnet Alemu

Acid=>Secretin --neutralize AA/Fat=>CCK-bile & enzyme Food=>GIP- Insulin

Emnet Alemu

Emnet Alemu

Emnet Alemu

Emnet Alemu*others besides Trypsin but it is the most important one.

Emnet Alemu

Emnet Alemu

Emnet Alemu

Emnet Alemu

Emnet AlemuRemember other fxn of these hormones in stomach

Emnet Alemu

Emnet Alemu

Emnet AlemuBUT 1st lets BREAK it DOWN w/ the help of

Emnet Alemu

Emnet Alemu

Emnet Alemu

Emnet Alemu

Emnet Alemu

Emnet AlemuQ:Does the gallbladder make bile???

Emnet Alemu

Emnet Alemu

Emnet Alemu

Emnet Alemu

Emnet Alemu

Emnet Alemu

Emnet Alemu

Emnet Alemu

Emnet AlemuTRYPSIN, LIPASE, AMYLASE

Emnet Alemu

Emnet AlemuBILE

Emnet Alemu

Emnet Alemu

Emnet Alemu

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Emnet Alemu

Emnet Alemu

Emnet Alemu

Emnet AlemuDISEASE??

Emnet Alemu

Emnet Alemu

Emnet Alemu

Emnet Alemu

WHAT is Bile made of?????

Emnet Alemu

Emnet Alemu

Emnet Alemu

Emnet AlemuChronic pancreatitis

Emnet Alemu

Emnet Alemu

Emnet Alemu stone

Emnet Alemu

Emnet AlemuCirrhosis

Emnet Alemu

Emnet Alemu

Emnet Alemu

Emnet Alemu

Emnet AlemuBILE

Emnet Alemu

Emnet Alemu

Emnet Alemu

Emnet Alemu

Emnet Alemu

Emnet Alemu

Emnet Alemu

Emnet Alemu

Emnet Alemu

Emnet AlemuIron, Calcium all Monosaccharides (normally)

Emnet Alemu

Emnet AlemuFolateMost of AA

Emnet AlemuBILE (recycle) B12 (vitamin)NO MACROnutrients

Emnet Alemu

Emnet Alemu

Emnet AlemuSMALL INTESTINE

Emnet Alemu

Emnet Alemu

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Emnet Alemu

Emnet Alemumnemonic- I Face Book

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Emnet Alemu

Emnet AlemuWHERE?

Emnet AlemuWHERE?

Emnet Alemu

Emnet Alemu

Emnet AlemuVilli/Microvilli- absCrypts- secrete

Emnet AlemuBRUNNER'S GLANDS

Emnet Alemu

Emnet Alemu

Emnet AlemuPEYER'S PATCH "M CELLS"

Emnet Alemu

Emnet Alemu

Emnet Alemu

Emnet Alemu

Emnet AlemuDuodenum

Emnet AlemuIleum

Emnet Alemu

Emnet Alemuceliac disease- Diet instigated, antibodies blunt villi, too many (antibodies)IgA circulating

Emnet Alemu

Emnet AlemuCrohn's disease- Chronic Inflammation, Complicates-fissures, scarring(narrowing)

Emnet Alemu

Emnet Alemu

Emnet AlemuSI DAMAGE?

Emnet Alemu

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Emnet Alemu

Emnet AlemuCeliac Disease

Emnet AlemuAFTER- blunted villi

Emnet AlemuBEFORE- normal villi

Emnet AlemuRisk- HLA-DQ8,& HLA-DQ2HLA=MHC

dx- serum IgA levels high for anti-TG2, anti-endomysial

IgA deposits skin=> "dermatitis herpetiformis"

Emnet Alemu

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Emnet AlemuHLA-DQ8 & HLA-DQ2

Emnet Alemu

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Emnet Alemu

Emnet Alemuhelper

Emnet Alemu

Emnet AlemuB

Emnet Alemu

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Emnet AlemuT cytotoxic

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Emnet Alemu

Emnet AlemuIgA

Emnet AlemuIgA

Emnet AlemuIgA

Emnet Alemu

Emnet Alemu

Emnet AlemuCell

Emnet Alemu

Emnet AlemuCELIAC DISEASE

Emnet Alemu

Emnet AlemuGluten deaminated

Emnet AlemuGluten=> deaminated gluten TG2

Emnet Alemu

Emnet Alemu

Emnet AlemuTG2

Emnet AlemuTG2

Emnet Alemu

Emnet AlemuIgA

Emnet AlemuInflammation- deeper/ whole layerPatchy- hard to resect

Rx-Corticosteroids,Aminosalicylates(ASA)

Several complications- ex. fistulas

Emnet AlemuSx-Diarrhea, pain RLQ, weight loss**You don't get bleeding or melena (slide conflict)

Emnet Alemu

Emnet AlemuCROHN'S DISEASE

Emnet Alemu

Emnet AlemuBRUSH BORDER ENZYMES (VILLI)

Emnet AlemuPANCREAS AMYLASE

Emnet Alemu

Emnet Alemu

Emnet AlemuONLY ABSORB MONO!!!

Emnet Alemu

Emnet AlemuFA & MONOGLYCERIDE

Emnet Alemu

Emnet Alemu

Emnet Alemu

Emnet AlemuTRIGLYCERIDE=> FA + MONOGLYCERIDE Lipase

Emnet Alemu

Emnet Alemu

Emnet Alemu

Emnet Alemu

Emnet Alemu-packed micelle(bile) - re-esterified in enterocytes=> chylomicrons (B-48)=> lacetals=> lymphatics

Emnet Alemu

Emnet Alemu

Emnet Alemu

Emnet AlemuBILE

Emnet Alemu

Emnet Alemu

Emnet AlemuGALLBLADDER DISEASE

Emnet Alemu- takes few days before adjust to higher Fe need ( hemorrhage)

Emnet AlemuHeme ANIMAL (5-15%) vs Non-Heme PLANT (15-35%) Absorption

Emnet Alemuduodenum

Emnet Alemu

Absorption of Ca2+in the small intestine Absorption of Ca2+ occurs in the duodenum and is regulated by

vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol)(1,25-(DH)2D3), that stimulates the synthesis of a Ca2+ binding protein in the enterocytes

Two major forms of vitamin D Ergocalciferol (Vit D2) Cholecalciferol (Vit D3) Both are known collectively as calciferol

The active transport of Ca2+ across the basolateral membrane (by a Ca2+ pump) and the Na-Ca exchanger is also regulated by vitamin D3

Parathyroid hormone activates vitamin D to form calcitriol (the active form of Vitamin D3) in the kidney

Low calcium levels can lead to Osteomalacia in adults (Rickets in children)

Diffuse body pain Muscle weakness Bone fragility

Emnet Alemu

Emnet Alemu

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Emnet Alemu

Emnet Alemu

Emnet AlemuPacemaker =>SLOW WAVE => 2 types Contractions

Emnet Alemu

Emnet Alemu=Mixing food

Emnet Alemu

Emnet Alemu=Propulsion food

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Emnet AlemuMMC.

Emnet AlemuMotilin

Emnet Alemu

Emnet Alemu

Emnet Alemu

Emnet AlemuVagus Control

Emnet AlemuPurpose? bacteria, & bone to colon

Emnet Alemu

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Emnet Alemu

Emnet Alemu

Emnet Alemu

Emnet Alemu

Emnet AlemuMMC= Migrating motor complexes

Emnet AlemuWhat part of the SI has the fastest/ slowest contractions?

Emnet Alemu

Emnet Alemu

Emnet AlemuHow do you clean out your SI, (left over bone,coin, bacteria) ?

Emnet AlemuTransit time to SI?

Emnet Alemu

Emnet AlemuCOLON

Emnet AlemuSx-Diarrhea, pain RLQ, weight loss

Emnet Alemu

Emnet Alemu

Emnet Alemu

Emnet Alemu

Emnet Alemu

Emnet AlemuSx- Diarrhea, pain LLQ, bleeding from rectum

Emnet AlemuULCERATIVE COLITIS

Emnet AlemuCROHN'S DISEASE

Emnet AlemuVAGOTOMY

Emnet Alemu

Emnet AlemuH.pylori

Emnet Alemu

Emnet Alemu

Emnet Alemu1.) low ACID stomach-Vagotomy, B12 def,

2.)Slow - DM neuropathy, indigestion

3.) research- ppl injured Hypothalmus don't get "FULL"

Stimulate too much insulin, adiopocytes

No CNS release ghrelin