GHCL BASIC KNOWLEDGE OF TESTING IN TEXTILES. Ever wondered what differentiates two seemingly same...
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Transcript of GHCL BASIC KNOWLEDGE OF TESTING IN TEXTILES. Ever wondered what differentiates two seemingly same...
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GHCL
BASIC KNOWLEDGE OF TESTING IN TEXTILES
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Ever wondered what differentiates two seemingly same products from
each other??
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Fabric testing is an important segment of the textile
industry. We can easily detect the faults of machinery
and materials during test of textiles.
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WHY DO WE NEED TESTING??
1. Checking Raw Materials – Variable Qualities
2. Monitoring Production - to control increase of waste.
3. Assessing the Final Product – Enhance and efficient output.
4. Investigation of Faulty Material – To get the root cause of
problems during process.
5. Product Development and Research
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Following are some of the source of standard test method for textiles:
•American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM)
•American Association of Textile Chemists and Colourists (AATCC)
•International Standard Organization (ISO)
•Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS)
TESTING IS NORMALLY CARRIED OUT ACCORDING TO A“STANDARD”
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There are 3 forms of Textiles on which the test can be conducted -
• Fibre- length, strength, fineness, maturity.
• Yarn- strength, count, twist
• Fabric- Greige / Dyed
EPI, PPI, GSM , Physical and chemical properties.
WHAT IS TO BE TESTED???
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FIBER TESTS
1. Identification of fiber - By their cross section Or Chemical
test
2. Fiber length* - to identify quality of cotton.
3. Strength and elongation - tensile properties
4. Fineness & Maturity test -
5. Uniformity & Evenness -
6. Trash, neps test etc. - Impurities
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YARN TEST
1. Yarn count – e.g. 30s single or 2-ply yarn
2. Twist per unit length
3. Strength and elongation i.e. tensile properties
4. Appearance
5. Evenness and regularity
6. Hairiness * - Due to Short Fibers
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FABRIC TESTPhysical Properties of Textiles -
1. Strength and elongation - Tensile, Tear & Bursting
2. Thread Count
3. The count of yarn used
4. Fabric Weight - GSM
5. Design and construction of the Fabric
6. Air permeability
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7. Flammability Test
8. Stiffness, handle, drape
9. Crease resistance and recovery
10. Abrasion
11. Pilling *
12. Shrinkage *- Dimensional stability
13. Water absorbency or resistance etc.
14. Seam Strength & Slippage*
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FABRIC TESTTest in chemical properties of textile
1. Color Fastness to Washing 2. Color Fastness to Crocking ( Rubbing)
– Dry Crocking – Wet Crocking
3. Color Fastness to Water 4. Color Fastness to Light 5. Fiber Composition 6. Color Fastness to Perspiration7. Color Fastness to Dry Cleaning8 PH Value 9 Durability Test ( DP Rating)
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Acetate
Cotton
Nylon
Polyester
Acrylic
Wool
Multifiber Fabric - Specially Used for testing of textile performance on different fibers.
Observation - Color Change - Color Staining
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GRAYSCALE
Grayscale for color change is used to visually evaluate change in color due to color Fastness Test.
Gray Scale for staining is used to visually evaluate the staining on multifiber samples due to colorfastness test. Rating 1 to 5 can be measure on the scale where rating 1 is poor and rating 5 is excellent performance. Generally rating 4 is acceptable.
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TIPS TO REMEMBER
• Read the label properly: Size, Where it is made, Style number, Type of
fabric, RN Number
• Read the Hang Tag: fabric characteristics, and describes the
quality.
• Warnings Are Sometimes Included: Possible shrinkage, stretching,
or fading
• Care Instructions
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THANK YOU