Get out your HW and in your notes, Get out your HW and in your notes, DO NOW. If you don’t know write DO NOW. If you don’t know write

down the questions…down the questions… What is pollution?What is pollution?

What is nonpoint source pollution? Give an What is nonpoint source pollution? Give an example or two.example or two.

What is point source pollution? Examples?What is point source pollution? Examples?

Water Water PollutionPollution

Anything that Anything that enters a enters a waterway that is waterway that is harmful to the harmful to the quality of that quality of that water and water and harms harms organisms that organisms that live there.live there.

Point vs. NonpointPoint vs. Nonpoint

Point source pollutionPoint source pollution:: Comes from a specific, Comes from a specific, identifiable source, such as pipe, tank, pit, ditch identifiable source, such as pipe, tank, pit, ditch or channel to a body of water. The bulk of point or channel to a body of water. The bulk of point source pollution comes from wastewater discharge source pollution comes from wastewater discharge from power plants or large industrial plants.from power plants or large industrial plants.

Nonpoint source pollutionNonpoint source pollution: : Comes from a diffuse Comes from a diffuse source rather than one specific source. Usually source rather than one specific source. Usually nonpoint source pollution comes from storm water nonpoint source pollution comes from storm water run offs from large land areas which may contaminate run offs from large land areas which may contaminate the surface and ground water over a large area.   the surface and ground water over a large area.  

Major Pollutants in PAMajor Pollutants in PA Acid Mine Acid Mine

DrainageDrainage (AMD) (AMD) when water gets into when water gets into abandoned strip abandoned strip mines reacting with mines reacting with exposed minerals. exposed minerals. The mineral makes The mineral makes the water very acidic the water very acidic (low pH). Acidic (low pH). Acidic waters kill most waters kill most organismsorganisms

Acid RainAcid Rain Gases released from the burning of fossil fuels Gases released from the burning of fossil fuels

combine with rain making the rain acidic. The combine with rain making the rain acidic. The rain water gets into our waterways.rain water gets into our waterways.

Industrial DischargeIndustrial Discharge When industries dump waste water or hot water in When industries dump waste water or hot water in

water ways. Metals, diseases causing organisms, and water ways. Metals, diseases causing organisms, and other toxic substances kill off aquatic life.other toxic substances kill off aquatic life.

LitterLitter People throw trash, dump oil, and other pollutants People throw trash, dump oil, and other pollutants

into waterwaysinto waterways

Runoff from impervious surfacesRunoff from impervious surfaces Road salts, oils and other pollutants run off into Road salts, oils and other pollutants run off into

water wayswater ways

Agricultural RunoffAgricultural Runoff When rain water carries soil, fertilizers, or pesticides When rain water carries soil, fertilizers, or pesticides

into a waterway.into a waterway. Leading cause of pollution in PA.Leading cause of pollution in PA. Soil (silt) can clog the gills of fish and cloud the waterSoil (silt) can clog the gills of fish and cloud the water

EutrophicationEutrophication Fertilizers can causes algae to overpopulated which Fertilizers can causes algae to overpopulated which

then dies and takes out Dissolved Oxygen. then dies and takes out Dissolved Oxygen.

Dissolved Oxygen (DO)Dissolved Oxygen (DO) Dissolved Oxygen-Dissolved Oxygen- Oxygen Oxygen

mixed with water available mixed with water available for fish and other organisms for fish and other organisms to use in the aquatic to use in the aquatic environment. DO put into the environment. DO put into the water 2 ways: water 2 ways:

Photosynthesis- Photosynthesis- plants and plants and plankton create oxygen from plankton create oxygen from the suns energy the suns energy

Diffusion-Diffusion- Water mixes with Water mixes with air when it falls over rocks air when it falls over rocks and waterfalls increasing the and waterfalls increasing the level of D.O.level of D.O.

DO continuedDO continued Standing or slow moving bodies of water have Standing or slow moving bodies of water have

less D.O. than fast moving water bodies.less D.O. than fast moving water bodies. ExampleExample

Which likely has more D.O. and why?Which likely has more D.O. and why?

What about the fish tank?What about the fish tank?

What adds DO?What adds DO? What takes it away?What takes it away?

PesticidePesticide PesticidePesticide - any chemical used to kill pests - any chemical used to kill pests

insecticideinsecticide - kills insects - kills insects herbicideherbicide - kills plants - kills plants

PestsPests

PestPest - Any organism that - Any organism that is destructive or annoying is destructive or annoying (mostly weed and insects).(mostly weed and insects).

Examples: mosquitoes Examples: mosquitoes carry malaria, grasshopper carry malaria, grasshopper destroys crop, rats carry destroys crop, rats carry disease.disease.

Problems- BioaccumulationProblems- Bioaccumulation Pesticides Pesticides bioaccumulatebioaccumulate- pesticides are absorbed and - pesticides are absorbed and

accumulate in the fat of animals through the food chain.accumulate in the fat of animals through the food chain.

Problems: DDTProblems: DDT DDT was very persistent and DDT was very persistent and

affects bird reproduction affects bird reproduction through bioaccumulation.through bioaccumulation.

Some eggs didn’t develop or Some eggs didn’t develop or the eggs shells were very the eggs shells were very thin causing them to crack.thin causing them to crack.

Bald eagles and ospreys Bald eagles and ospreys became endangered.became endangered.

How do the following pictures make How do the following pictures make you feel about DDT?you feel about DDT?

MalariaMalaria

Malaria kills more Malaria kills more than a million than a million people worldwide people worldwide each year—90 each year—90 percent of them in percent of them in Africa; 70 percent Africa; 70 percent children under the children under the age of five. age of five.

You Decide…You Decide…

Do the risks out weigh the benefits?Do the risks out weigh the benefits?