• Get a Final Exam Review Sheet.

• I’ll let you know on Tuesday if you are exempt for the final or not (that will allow me to enter these final test grades).

• In the mean-time, plan on taking the final.

• By way of review, go through your old tests, and come up with 5 questions that can be posted on the krakereview blog.

Review Assignment

• Send questions to gkrake.krakereview@blogger.com

• Then go to http://krakereview.blogspot.com and post a comment answering your question.

• Each person should post 5 & answer them.– Check with your table group so you don’t

duplicate answers/questions/information.– First name last initial only.

Test Review

• Make sure you have your text books.– Hold on to it, and I will collect them in due time.

• Get out your review sheets, and put a star by any questions you have.

• Those who think they might be exempt, get on RenWeb, then go to http://krakereview.blogspot.com and post some comments to help out those taking the final.

CHAPTER 7

Rome

Located in Center of

Mediterranean; Good central

location for trade

Alps in North;

good for protection?

Tiber River; helped trade within

country

Apennine Mnts.; not rugged -

didn’t hinder unity or trade

Punic WarsPunic WarsCauses Results

First Punic War

Carthage was afraid Rome would take Sicily; Rome was afraid Carthage would close the Adriatic & the Strait of Messina

Carthage paid indemnity; gave up Sicily

Second Punic War

Hannibal invaded Italy

Carthage paid indemnity; gave up Spanish colonies

Third Punic War

Some Romans hated Carthage; declared war

Carthage was destroyed

Complete the

following chart.

(refer to pg. 148-9)

Punic WarsPunic WarsCauses Results

First Punic War

Carthage was afraid Rome would take Sicily; Rome was afraid Carthage would close the Adriatic & the Strait of Messina

Carthage paid indemnity; gave up Sicily

Second Punic War

Hannibal invaded Italy

Carthage paid indemnity; gave up Spanish colonies

Third Punic War

Some Romans hated Carthage; declared war

Carthage was destroyed

Complete the

following chart.

(refer to pg. 148-9)

The Punic War-

Rome vs Carthage

Borders before the First Punic

War

Punic WarsPunic WarsCauses Results

First Punic War

Carthage was afraid Rome would take Sicily; Rome was afraid Carthage would close the Adriatic & the Strait of Messina

Carthage paid indemnity; gave up Sicily

Second Punic War

Hannibal invaded Italy

Carthage paid indemnity; gave up Spanish colonies

Third Punic War

Some Romans hated Carthage; declared war

Carthage was destroyed

Complete the

following chart.

(refer to pg. 148-9)

Borders after the

First Punic War

Punic WarsPunic WarsCauses Results

First Punic War

Carthage was afraid Rome would take Sicily; Rome was afraid Carthage would close the Adriatic & the Strait of Messina

Carthage paid indemnity; gave up Sicily

Second Punic War

Hannibal invaded Italy

Carthage paid indemnity; gave up Spanish colonies

Third Punic War

Some Romans hated Carthage; declared war

Carthage was destroyed

Complete the

following chart.

(refer to pg. 148-9)

Borders after the

First Punic War

Punic WarsPunic WarsCauses Results

First Punic War

Carthage was afraid Rome would take Sicily; Rome was afraid Carthage would close the Adriatic & the Strait of Messina

Carthage paid indemnity; gave up Sicily

Second Punic War

Hannibal invaded Italy

Carthage paid indemnity; gave up Spanish colonies

Third Punic War

Some Romans hated Carthage; declared war

Carthage was destroyed

Complete the

following chart.

(refer to pg. 148-9)

Borders after the Second Punic War

Punic WarsPunic WarsCauses Results

First Punic War

Carthage was afraid Rome would take Sicily; Rome was afraid Carthage would close the Adriatic & the Strait of Messina

Carthage paid indemnity; gave up Sicily

Second Punic War

Hannibal invaded Italy

Carthage paid indemnity; gave up Spanish colonies

Third Punic War

Some Romans hated Carthage; declared war

Carthage was destroyed

Complete the

following chart.

(refer to pg. 148-9)

Borders after the Second Punic War

Punic WarsPunic WarsCauses Results

First Punic War

Carthage was afraid Rome would take Sicily; Rome was afraid Carthage would close the Adriatic & the Strait of Messina

Carthage paid indemnity; gave up Sicily

Second Punic War

Hannibal invaded Italy

Carthage paid indemnity; gave up Spanish colonies

Third Punic War

Some Romans hated Carthage; declared war

Carthage was destroyed

Complete the

following chart.

(refer to pg. 148-9)

Borders after the

Third Punic War

Senate killed

Caesar

Good politician; expanded

Senate

Named ‘dictator’

by Senate (were afraid)

Caesar wins; gains

Cleopatra as ally Caesar

marched on Rome against Pompey

Great military leader;

organizer

Joined forces: Triumvi

rate

Disliked by

Senate

Popular among people;

poor

$ good

speaking skills

Nephew of Marius (opposed

Sulla)

Julius Caesar

CHAPTER 8

Byzantine Empire/Kievan Russia

What great contributions were made by Justinian?

• Theodora– Men couldn’t beat wives.– Wives could sue for divorce.– Women can own property.– Widows could keep children.

• Belisarius– Justinian appointed him Military Commander– Expanded Territory of Byzantine Empire.

• Hagia Sophia• Justinian Code

– Preservation of Roman Law

Political Strengths

Military Strengths

Economic Strengths

Strengths of the Byzantine Empire

•Loyal, Skilled officials

•Marriage alliances

•Intelligence

•Shrewd Diplomacy

(Intrigues)

•Strategy manuals

•Improved weapons & armor

•Effective Navy

•Battering rams

•“Greek Fire”

•Trade center of the world – Constantinople

•Large tax revenues

•Paid Soldiers & Officials

1. Mongol rule grew weaker

Russian princes became more independent.

2. Prince Ivan I cooperated with the Mongols

Mongols made Ivan the Grand Prince.

3. The chief metropolitan moved to Moscow

Ivan’s power increased.

4. By the late 1400s, Moscow had become very powerful

Ivan III of Moscow overthrew Mongol rule

5. Ivan III united many Russian principalities

Ivan became the first ruler of the independent state of Russia.

6. Ivan IV became czar of Russia

Ivan reformed law, re-established trade with Western Europe, and opened Siberia for settlement

7. Ivan IV suspected some of his boyars of disloyalty

Ivan organized a personal army to arrest the boyars and attack their supporters

Ivan the who?

Ivan the TerribleAKAIvan IV

Ivan the GreatAKAIvan III

Ivan the Grand PrinceAKAIvan I

CHAPTER 9

Islamic Empire & India

The 5 Pillars of Islam

1.1. ReciteRecite the Profession of Faith

2.2. PrayPray 5 Times a day

3.3. GiveGive Alms to the Poor

4.4. FastFast in the month of Ramadan

5.5. PilgrimagePilgrimage to Mecca.

Islam and Christianity

MonotheismAllah God

Praying5 Times a day “continuously”Give to the

PoorFast

Do good deedsworks-based salvation

Faith-based salvation

Muhammad Jesus ChristCentral teacher

The S p r e a d of Islam

• Look at the map on pg. 209

• How far did Islam spread under Muhammad?

• How much farther did it spread under the caliphs?– Caliph – “successor to the prophet”– Abu Bakr & Umar

Islam and Hinduism

Allah Many gods

Eat beef Cows are sacred

No alcohol Drank wine

No music music

Caste systemAll equal before God

CHAPTER 10

Middle Ages

• “Charles the Great”• Renewed the Roman

Empire• “Emperor of the

Romans”• United much of

Europe

Name that Name that Frankish RulerFrankish Ruler

CharlemagneCharlemagne

Defining the termsFeudalism

• Political system• Kings grant land to

nobles in return for:– Loyalty– Military assistance– Services

• Nobles grant land to knights for:

(see above)

Manorial system• Economic system• Self-sufficient manors• Nobles own manor,

peasants work.

King

Nobles

Knights

Serfs

Feudal Hierarchy

The Benedictine Rule• A monk can own

absolutely nothing.• Everything a monk uses

or wears belongs to the monastery.

• The abbot controls and distributes property.

• The monks totally obey the abbot.

CHAPTER 11

High Middle Ages & Crusades

Call for the Crusades• “They carry weapons of

war, they wear the cross of Christ on their right shoulder or back, and with one voice they cry out: ‘God wills it, God wills it, God wills it.’”

• Pope Urban II, 1095

Map the CrusadesDates Participants Successes and/or

Failures

First Crusade

1096-1099 France & Normandy

Captured Antioch, Jerusalem, Set up new states in Holy Land

Second Crusade

1147-1149 France, H.R.E

Failed in Damascus

Third Crusade

1189-1192 England, France,HRE

Failed in Jerusalem, Salah-al Din made a deal

Fourth Crusade

1202-1204 France, Venice

Captured Zadar/Constpl.

Children’s Crusade

?-1212 Children sold into slavery

• a manufacturing system– Domestic system. Kind of like a factory in a house.

One person raises the sheep and shear the wool, one spins it, one dyes it, one knits the clothing.

– They can buy new types of dyes, etc.

• a banking system– Usury – charging interest on loans.– Banks offered these additional services – credit,

loans, “checking accounts”

• the practice of investing capital– Capital – wealth used to produce profits.– Investors pooled their capital to start businesses.

Market Economy……Individuals owning land, labor, and capital

The Hundred Years War• Players:

– France v. England

• Time Period: – 1337 to 1453

War

War

The last member of the Capetian dynasty in France died

English king Edward III– who held lands in France – claimed the throne of France

The French assembly chose Philip VI as the new king.

Edward renewed his claim and brought his army to Flanders

England France Spain

Important Rulers

Ways Rulers Strengthened

Control

Alliances Formed &

Why

Henry VII

Seized throne of England

Married a daughter of the House of York to help end the civil war

Louis XI

Efficient administration, used diplomacy to form alliances, gained much French Territory

Allied with Switzerland to get the Swiss to fight against the territory of Burgandy, marriage to get the territory of Brittany

Isabella and Ferdinand

Went to war against the Moors to win Granada, united the kingdoms of Castile and Aragon, added the kingdom of Navarre, took power from the church and nobles

Marriage of Isabella and Ferdinand made allies of Aragon and Castile kingdoms.

The Great Schism – 1378-1417

• Schism – “a division of hostile groups”

France Rome

The Great Schism – 1378-1417

• Schism – “a division of hostile groups”

• The church was divided.

• Eventually, a council removed both popes and after reforms, agreed on a single pope… with weakened powers.

CHAPTER 12

Eastern Asia

Arts Society

TechnologyGovernment Economy

Changes in the Changes in the Tang & Song dynasties

•Growth of poetry

•Porcelain manufactured

•Landscape paintings

•Buddhists persecuted

•Daoism spread

•Confucianism revived

•Urban growth

•New status for women

•New taxes levied

•New tax system

•Confucianism revived

•Civil service expanded

•Food surpluses

•Foreign trade expanded

•Farmers lost land

•Tenant farming increased

•New uses for gunpowder

•Printing invented

•Quick-ripening rice introduced

•Irrigation increased

The MONGOL Empire Read Pg. 283

• Great Military– Cavalry – Stirrups– Siege Warfare

• “Rocket Launchers” • Catapults

• Great Leaders– Genghis Khan – “Universal Ruler”– Kublai Khan – Grandson of Genghis– Batu – Grandson of Genghis

• Great Organization– Divided Empire into sections

Feudal JapanEmperor ShogunDaimyoSamuraiPeasants• Conflict of Power:

• Central Government & Local Rule• Emperor

– Imperial family.– Yamamoto

Dynasty.

• Shogun– “General” –

military leader– Controlled

finance, courts

• Daimyo– “great name”– Wealthy landowner (like “Lords”)

• Samurai– Hired warrior (like Knights)– Bushido – “way of the warrior”

(like chivalry)– Seppuku – ceremonial suicide

• Peasants– Worked farmland; were heavily

taxed– Could join the daimyo’s army.

Japanese Religion

• Buddhism – Influenced by China

• Shinto– Main religion of Japan– Kami – gods, or nature spirits that live in

natural objects– Prayers and rituals appease the gods.– Ritual Cleanliness– Yamamoto Dynasty (family line of emperors to

this day) which began in 400s AD was believed to be high priests

CHAPTER 13

Africa & Americas

Society Dates LocationEconomic Activities

Cultural Achievements

Reasons for Decline

Kush

Aksum

Kilwa

Shona

Ghana

Mali

Songhay

1800BC-150AD

East Africa, along Nile

Controlled trade routes, iron working

Pyramids, temples; pottery

Unknown, (before Aksum)

300s to 700s

East Africa, Ethiopian Highlands (Nile)

Controlled Red Sea trade routes

Ezana converted to Christianity

Influence ended with rise of Islam

1100s to 1400s

Coast of East Africa

Port for shipment of goods

Trade center, large mosque

???

About 800-1400s

Central Africa, modern Zimbabwe

Controlled mining, shipment of gold to coast

Great Zimbabwe

Mysterious-maybe natural disaster

200s-1235

West Africa

Controlled desert trade routes

Use of camels

Invaded by Berber tribes

1200s-1468

West Africa

Controlled desert trade routes

Mansa Musa-art & Muslim education

Sunni Ali & his fleet capture Timbuktu

1468-1591

West Africa

Controlled desert trade routes

Standardized weights, measures, currency

Moroccans invaded

Read Ch. 13 Section 3 and draw four sketches of life in the

Americas: The West & Southwest

–Adobe

The Pacific Coast–Totem Poles

The Great Plains–Buffalo–Tepees

The Eastern Woodlands–Trade-tools, jewelry, weapons

We know about these people

groups because we have found

artifacts

Society Location Accomplishments Strengths

Olmec Central America

Longest Civilization in the Americas – 8 Centuries

Crafted Jade; advanced (used technology to move large stones)

Maya Yucatan Peninsula

Only Writing

System; 1st to build pyramid/temples

Advanced culture/art

Toltec Central Mexico

Developed pyramid building

Chichen Itza ruins show architectural advancement

Aztec Central Mexico

Chinampas Great Warriors – human sacrifice intimidated

Inca South America – (Andes Mtns)

QuipuRoad System, Irrigation

Great art – Gold.