GE’s “Grid Friendly” Wind Plant Technology · GE Proprietary & Confidential GE’s “Grid...
Transcript of GE’s “Grid Friendly” Wind Plant Technology · GE Proprietary & Confidential GE’s “Grid...
![Page 1: GE’s “Grid Friendly” Wind Plant Technology · GE Proprietary & Confidential GE’s “Grid Friendly” Wind Plant Technology ... Turbine kW kVAR kW kVAR 230k V Substation. EWEC](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022022011/5b14d0737f8b9a467c8c26ea/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
GEEnergy
GE Proprietary & Confidential
GE’s “Grid Friendly” Wind Plant Technology
EXECUTIVE EXCHANGE ON THE USE & INTEGRATION OF
RENEWABLE ENERGY IN THE POWER SECTOR
Pedro ArsuagaGE EnergyMadrid, October 21, 2009
![Page 2: GE’s “Grid Friendly” Wind Plant Technology · GE Proprietary & Confidential GE’s “Grid Friendly” Wind Plant Technology ... Turbine kW kVAR kW kVAR 230k V Substation. EWEC](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022022011/5b14d0737f8b9a467c8c26ea/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
EWEC Grid Friendly Presentation 2April 3, 2008
Model: 1.5 Model: 1.5 slesleTechnical Data (General)
Rated Capacity: 1.5 MW
Cut in Wind Speed: 3.5 m/s (7.83 mph)
Cut out Wind Speed: 25 m/s (62.63 mph)
Rated Wind Speed: 14 m/s (31.32 mph)
Hub Diameter: 77 m (252.62 ft)
Hub Height: 80 m (262.47 ft)
Certification: IEC TC IIb Ve50 = 52 m/s
Climate Conditions: Standard Weather Operation: -15 C to +40 C (-5 F to 104 F)
Survival: -20 C to +50 C (-4 F to 122 F)
Noise Level: 104 db (A) average
![Page 3: GE’s “Grid Friendly” Wind Plant Technology · GE Proprietary & Confidential GE’s “Grid Friendly” Wind Plant Technology ... Turbine kW kVAR kW kVAR 230k V Substation. EWEC](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022022011/5b14d0737f8b9a467c8c26ea/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
EWEC Grid Friendly Presentation 3April 3, 2008
Product Characteristics
<= 105 dB(A)Noise level
-15C to +40COperating temperature
25m/sCut out wind speed
3.0m/sCut in wind speed
59.5m/sSurvival wind speed
8.5 m/sAverage wind speed
100mHub height
2.5MWRated Power
100mRotor Diameter
DIBt WZ II, IEC TC IIIa,IEC TC II-b
Wind Regime
Model: 2.5 XLModel: 2.5 XL
![Page 4: GE’s “Grid Friendly” Wind Plant Technology · GE Proprietary & Confidential GE’s “Grid Friendly” Wind Plant Technology ... Turbine kW kVAR kW kVAR 230k V Substation. EWEC](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022022011/5b14d0737f8b9a467c8c26ea/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
EWEC Grid Friendly Presentation 4April 3, 2008
Plant performance solutions
O&M tools
WindFREEReactive Power
Reactive Powereven with no wind
WindRIDE-THRU
Uninterrupted turbineoperation through griddisturbances
WindINERTIA
Inertial response forlarge, short durationfrequency deviations
WindCONTROL
Voltage and power regulation like a conventional plant
WindSCADA
Sophisticated tools to operate, maintain and manage the entire wind plant
WindLAYOUT
Maximizes energycapture throughadvanced turbine siting
AEP improvementGrid friendly capabilities
![Page 5: GE’s “Grid Friendly” Wind Plant Technology · GE Proprietary & Confidential GE’s “Grid Friendly” Wind Plant Technology ... Turbine kW kVAR kW kVAR 230k V Substation. EWEC](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022022011/5b14d0737f8b9a467c8c26ea/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
EWEC Grid Friendly Presentation 5April 3, 2008
Utility systems require that wind power plants:› Provide Controlled and Predictable Power Response From
Variations in Wind, Turbine and Grid Frequency
› Must remain connected to the grid following disturbances – in short, they must remain stable
Good locations for wind plants often entail connection to relatively weak transmission systems
As Wind Power Plants increase in size and contribution …
Wind plants must perform like a conventional power plant
![Page 6: GE’s “Grid Friendly” Wind Plant Technology · GE Proprietary & Confidential GE’s “Grid Friendly” Wind Plant Technology ... Turbine kW kVAR kW kVAR 230k V Substation. EWEC](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022022011/5b14d0737f8b9a467c8c26ea/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
EWEC Grid Friendly Presentation 6April 3, 2008
Ride-Thru Capabilities• Remains on-line and feeds
reactive power through system disturbances
• Meets present and emerging grid requirement with Low/Zero Voltage Ride Through (LVRT/ZVRT) capability
• Meets transmission reliability standards similar to thermal generators
Fault Recovery• Voltage recovery better than
conventional generator Active Power
Reactive Power
Voltage
Apparent Power
Zero Voltage Event
GE's Standard WindRIDE-THRU Offerings
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
-1.0 0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0
Time (seconds)
Volta
ge a
t Poi
nt o
f In
terc
onne
ctio
n (P
erce
nt)
200 ms
LVRT
ZVRT
HVRT
Synchronous generator swings dramatically
![Page 7: GE’s “Grid Friendly” Wind Plant Technology · GE Proprietary & Confidential GE’s “Grid Friendly” Wind Plant Technology ... Turbine kW kVAR kW kVAR 230k V Substation. EWEC](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022022011/5b14d0737f8b9a467c8c26ea/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
EWEC Grid Friendly Presentation 7April 3, 2008
Voltage at POI
Wind Plant Power Output
Voltage RegulationActual measurements from a
162MW wind plant
Wind Plant Voltag
• Regulates Grid Voltage at Point of Interconnection
• Minimizes Grid Voltage Fluctuations Even Under Varying Wind Conditions
Average Wind Speed
Voltage RegulationLike A Conventional Power Plant
Average Wind Speed
Generator
Transformer
MainTransformer
45 mi.34.5kV
POI
ConverterControl WFMS
Wind Turbine
kW
kVAR
kW
kVAR230kV
Substation
![Page 8: GE’s “Grid Friendly” Wind Plant Technology · GE Proprietary & Confidential GE’s “Grid Friendly” Wind Plant Technology ... Turbine kW kVAR kW kVAR 230k V Substation. EWEC](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022022011/5b14d0737f8b9a467c8c26ea/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
EWEC Grid Friendly Presentation 8April 3, 2008
Active Power Controls
Typical Grid Requirements• Ramp rates• Power curtailment• Power droop w/ frequency
Power Droop Test
0.000
0.200
0.400
0.600
0.800
1.000
1.200
Available Power
Actual Power
Curtailment Example
2% Frequency Increase
50% Power Reduction
Pow
er (k
W)
Freq
uenc
y (H
z)
Pavail
PoutRamp Rate
Pow
er
Power Ramp Rates
![Page 9: GE’s “Grid Friendly” Wind Plant Technology · GE Proprietary & Confidential GE’s “Grid Friendly” Wind Plant Technology ... Turbine kW kVAR kW kVAR 230k V Substation. EWEC](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022022011/5b14d0737f8b9a467c8c26ea/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
EWEC Grid Friendly Presentation 9April 3, 2008
WindCONTROLHardware Overview• Substation Mounted Cabinet
PT&CT Interface to Substation• SCADA HMI
Operates on Wind Plant LAN
Plant Level Controller Orchestrates Operation of Individual Turbines
![Page 10: GE’s “Grid Friendly” Wind Plant Technology · GE Proprietary & Confidential GE’s “Grid Friendly” Wind Plant Technology ... Turbine kW kVAR kW kVAR 230k V Substation. EWEC](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022022011/5b14d0737f8b9a467c8c26ea/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
EWEC Grid Friendly Presentation 10April 3, 2008
Wind Plant Startup
Settings:
Turbines Sequenced On at 20 second Intervals
Ramp Rate Limit 3MW/Min
Wind Plant PowerRamping at less than 3MW/Min
1 Minute Average Ramp Rate (kW/sec)
Turbines transitioning
Online
Pow
er (k
W)
Num
ber
of T
urbi
nes
Onl
ine
Wind Plant Output Controlled During Startup Conditions
![Page 11: GE’s “Grid Friendly” Wind Plant Technology · GE Proprietary & Confidential GE’s “Grid Friendly” Wind Plant Technology ... Turbine kW kVAR kW kVAR 230k V Substation. EWEC](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022022011/5b14d0737f8b9a467c8c26ea/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
EWEC Grid Friendly Presentation 11April 3, 2008
Wind Plant Shutdown
Settings:
Shutdown Interval Set to 5 Minutes
Wind Plant Power
Ramping to Zero in 5 Mins N
umbe
r of
Tur
bine
s O
nlin
eTurbines transitioning
Off-line
Pow
er (k
W)
Wind Plant Output Controlled During Shutdown Conditions
![Page 12: GE’s “Grid Friendly” Wind Plant Technology · GE Proprietary & Confidential GE’s “Grid Friendly” Wind Plant Technology ... Turbine kW kVAR kW kVAR 230k V Substation. EWEC](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022022011/5b14d0737f8b9a467c8c26ea/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
EWEC Grid Friendly Presentation 12April 3, 2008
WindFREE Reactive Power
• Wind Turbine converter can deliver reactive power (kVAR) without wind (kW)
• Benefits weak grids and systems with high wind penetration
• Voltage support continues without active power generation…even following trips
Reactive Power - even without wind
![Page 13: GE’s “Grid Friendly” Wind Plant Technology · GE Proprietary & Confidential GE’s “Grid Friendly” Wind Plant Technology ... Turbine kW kVAR kW kVAR 230k V Substation. EWEC](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022022011/5b14d0737f8b9a467c8c26ea/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
EWEC Grid Friendly Presentation 13April 3, 2008
2.5 WTG Reactive Power Capability
Cos 0.95
Cos 0.90
Available VARWindFREE Reactive Power
![Page 14: GE’s “Grid Friendly” Wind Plant Technology · GE Proprietary & Confidential GE’s “Grid Friendly” Wind Plant Technology ... Turbine kW kVAR kW kVAR 230k V Substation. EWEC](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022022011/5b14d0737f8b9a467c8c26ea/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
EWEC Grid Friendly Presentation 14April 3, 2008
Wind Plant-Wind Turbine Stability Modeling• Good models of wind plants gain importance as wind
penetration levels impact system performance
Positive Sequence Load Flow Model For GE Plant Systems
• Development of stability models is on-going and evolving with equipment capability and validation efforts
– ZVRT and Voltage Response models closely replicate plant performance
Kiv/s+
Vrfq (vref)
WindControl Emulation
11+ sTc
11+ sTr
Vreg
Qmax
Qmin
1/fN Qord
s5
s4
s3-
Kpv
1+ sTv
s2
Qwv
+
+
Slower Refined Plant-Level Control
++
Qcmd
Qgen
Vref
Vmax
Vterm
KVi / s
Vterm + XIQmax
Vmin
Eq"cmd
s0s1
Vterm + XIQmin
KQi / s(efd)
--
Slower WTGQ Control
Fast Initial WTGVoltage Control
![Page 15: GE’s “Grid Friendly” Wind Plant Technology · GE Proprietary & Confidential GE’s “Grid Friendly” Wind Plant Technology ... Turbine kW kVAR kW kVAR 230k V Substation. EWEC](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022022011/5b14d0737f8b9a467c8c26ea/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
EWEC Grid Friendly Presentation 15April 3, 2008
Field Measurements vs Model for a Wind Plant
RED = PSLF Model
BLUE = Test measurements
POI voltage response
POI reactive power
response
Capacitor switched
offline
Fast Initial WTG
Response
Slower, coordinated plant level Response
Multi-modal response is grid friendly
![Page 16: GE’s “Grid Friendly” Wind Plant Technology · GE Proprietary & Confidential GE’s “Grid Friendly” Wind Plant Technology ... Turbine kW kVAR kW kVAR 230k V Substation. EWEC](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022022011/5b14d0737f8b9a467c8c26ea/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
• Addresses Reliability Concerns of Grid Operators
• Improves Grid Operability and Security
• Increases Capability of Grids to Successfully Achieve High Levels of Wind Penetration
“Grid Friendly” Wind Power Plant…
![Page 17: GE’s “Grid Friendly” Wind Plant Technology · GE Proprietary & Confidential GE’s “Grid Friendly” Wind Plant Technology ... Turbine kW kVAR kW kVAR 230k V Substation. EWEC](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022022011/5b14d0737f8b9a467c8c26ea/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Thank you!