GERMAN LANGUAGE - Amazon S3 · The German language has an abundance of compounds which is unique to...
Transcript of GERMAN LANGUAGE - Amazon S3 · The German language has an abundance of compounds which is unique to...
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GERMANLANGUAGE
–––Tania Hinderberger-Burton, Ph.D.
American University
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11. Health - Gesundheit!
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11.1 The Human Body
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11.2 Morning Routine
11.3 Compounds
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11.4 At the Doctor’s Office
11.5 German Adverbs
11.6 Jetzt üben wir!
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GERMANLANGUAGE
–––Tania Hinderberger-Burton, Ph.D.
American University
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11.1 The Human Body
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eyedas Auge, die Augen (blau, grün, braun,
schwarz)
eye lash die Augenwimper, Augenwimpern
eyebrow die Augenbraue, Augenbrauen
forehead die Stirn, Stirne
neck der Hals, Hälse
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ear das Ohr, Ohren
nose die Nase, Nasen
mouth der Mund, Münder
tooth der Zahn, Zähne
face das Gesicht, Gesichter
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hairdas Haar, Haare
(blond, grau, braun, schwarz, rot)
bald head die Glatze, Glatzen
arm der Arm, Arme
shoulder die Schulter, Schultern
elbow der Ellbogen (also Ellenbogen), -
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hand die Hand, Hände
finger der Finger, -
legs das Bein, Beine
knee das Knie, -
foot der Fuß, Füße
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toe die Zehe, Zehen
nail der Nagel, Nägel (Handnagel, Fußnägel)
upper part of the body der Oberkörper, -
lower part of the body der Unterkörper, -
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Das ist eine junge Frau. Wir sehen ihr Gesicht. Sie hat kurze Haare und einen langen Hals.
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GERMANLANGUAGE
–––Tania Hinderberger-Burton, Ph.D.
American University
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11.2 Morning Routine
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Reflexive verbs - covered earlier on in this course - indicate an action one does to oneself, as in getting showered, dressed, etc.
Subject of the verb is also its object, remember?
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Die junge Frau sagt, was sie morgens macht:
Ich dusche (bade, wasche) mich mit Seife. Ich ziehe mich an und schminke mich.
Dann frühstücke ich. Danach putze ich mir die Zähne und bürste mir die Haare.
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Sie kämmt sich (die Haare), sie bürstet sich.
* No need for the accusative object as it is implied
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GERMANLANGUAGE
–––Tania Hinderberger-Burton, Ph.D.
American University
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11.3 Compounds
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The German language has an abundance of compounds which is unique to German. Hence the use of Zeitgeist, Kindergarten, Weltschmerz and Schadenfreude in other languages. So much can be expressed with just that one word.
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When the object of a preposition is a thing or an idea, wo- and da-compounds are used
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Womit spielt das Baby? Es spielt mit dem Teddybär.
Spielt das Baby immer noch damit?
Ja, es spielt immer noch mit dem Teddybär!
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Adding wo or da to a preposition (add an r if the preposition starts with a vowel):
Bist du an deutschem Essen interessiert?
Ja, ich bin daran interessiert.
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Other compounds used that way:
daran, darauf, darin, dafür, davon, davor
woran, worauf, worin, wofür, wovon, wovor
.
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GERMANLANGUAGE
–––Tania Hinderberger-Burton, Ph.D.
American University
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11.4 At the Doctor’s Office
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Mir ist schlecht.Ihm ist übel.Tut dir der Arm weh?
To describe how one feels: dative noun or pronoun plus adjective
• es geht ihm schlecht - ihm ist schlecht (synonyms)
.
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GERMANLANGUAGE
–––Tania Hinderberger-Burton, Ph.D.
American University
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11.5 German Adverbs
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11.5.1 Placement of Adverbs
11.5.2 Adverbs of Time
11.5.3 Adverbs of Place
11.5.4 Sequence of Adverbial Expressions
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GERMANLANGUAGE
–––Tania Hinderberger-Burton, Ph.D.
American University
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11.5.1 Placement of Adverbs
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In English, a -y added to the adjective turns it into an adverb.
In German, it’s by placing the adjective after the verb it is modifying:
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Das ist eine gesunde Person - a healthy person
Er ist ein intelligenter Student
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.
Adverbs modifying verbs are placed right after the verb: wir trinken morgens immer Kaffee.
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GERMANLANGUAGE
–––Tania Hinderberger-Burton, Ph.D.
American University
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11.5.2 Adverbs of Time
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They give the answer to wann (when?) and wie oft (how often?):
Ich gehe morgen einkaufen und esse selten Fisch und du?
Ich esse nie Fisch aber (esse) oft Fleisch.
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wann? (when?)
• jetzt
• heute
• morgen
• abends
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wie oft? (how often?)• nie• selten• manchmal• ab und zu• regelmäßig• oft• täglich• immer/ständig .
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GERMANLANGUAGE
–––Tania Hinderberger-Burton, Ph.D.
American University
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11.5.3 Adverbs of Place
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They describe location or direction and reply to wo (where?) wohin (where to?), woher (where from?)
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Woher kommt ihr? Wir kommen aus den USA.
Wohin fliegen wir? Wir fliegen nach Deutschland.
.
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GERMANLANGUAGE
–––Tania Hinderberger-Burton, Ph.D.
American University
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11.5.4 Sequence of Adverbial Expressions in German
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If there is more than one adverbial expression in a sentence this is the sequence:
Adverbs of time + adverbs of manner + adverbs of place.
Sie fahren heute zusammen zur Schule. .
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GERMANLANGUAGE
–––Tania Hinderberger-Burton, Ph.D.
American University
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11.6 Jetzt üben wir!
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COMPOUNDS
Use 2 da- and 2 wo-compounds as in the example given.
Beispiel: Wovor hat er Angst? Vor dem Test? Ja, davor.
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Heute ist eine Party. Wir freuen uns ______________
Sie kauft Zucker und backt ______________________.
Das Geld, ________ ist das?
Was? __________ redet er?
.