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Geospatial data and geomatic: The keystones for the sound implementation of the European Common...
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Evidence-based scientific and technical support
Cooperation with policy Directorates-General
Sharing its know-how with the Member States
Geospatial data and geomatic:The keystones for the sound implementationof the European Common Agriculture Policy
Philippe LOUDJANI, MARS (Monitoring Agricultural Resources) UnitDG Joint Research Centre
Geospatial World Forum – AgricultureRotterdam – 15th May 2013
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CAP expenditure and CAP reform path
7Rural areas + 90% of EU territoryFrom which 50% is farmed8 million aid applications
Total: 58 000 000 000 € / year40 Billions Direct aids14 Billions Rural development
Billion € (2007 constant prices)Billion € (2007 constant prices)
Source: DG Agriculture and Rural Development. 2012
CAP = 0,3 € / EU citizen / day
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To ensure that CAP funds are spent appropriately, Member State Authorities and the Commission services have to establish and apply appropriate management and control mechanisms.
MARS Unit provides technical and scientific support for the implementation of the Common Agriculture Policy linked to direct payments (1st CAP pillar)
• Management of Integrated Administration and Control System (IACS) data (especially Land Parcel Identification System (LPIS)
Management of direct payments to farmers
• Control methods (On-The-Spot checks (OTS)) Control of direct payments
• Cross Compliance (Good Agricultural and Environmental Conditions (GAEC), Farm Advisory System (FAS), and ‘Greening’)
Conditions to receive direct payments
Technical solutions mostly based on:
Geospatial data and geomatic
Technical support to CAP implementation
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Agriculture
Control
RemoteSensing
All farm parcelsPastures Olive treesCOP and SA Parcels of interest
Before 2003 CAP reform = coupled payments
Type of crop
Cropped area
Aerial images + several High Resolution imagesThen first VHR images (after 2000)
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After 2003 CAP reform = decoupled payments
Environment Agriculture
Control
GAEC
RemoteSensing
Except few cases, VHR images needed (less and less HR images and Radar too coarse)
All parcelsPastures Olive trees
Farm
COP and SAParcels on slopes
Parcels along riverLandscape features
Crop group
Area
Land maintenanceLandscape elements
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987xyz1.23ha123xyz
1.23ha987xyz1.23 ha
Reference parcel (Administration)
Use eligibility recorded officially
Prevents Double
Declaration
Unique identifier
Stable over time
In IACS-GIS Land Parcel Identification System
Acts as reference frame forAid application
Payment calculation
Controlled object
Locates land
“Contracted” area in
application
Boundary stored in
GIS
Location in aid application
Area officially known
Use declared by farmer
Area claimed by
farmer1.02ha
May be unstable over time
Digital Land Parcel System (LPIS)
claimed parcel (Farmers)
Since 2005
Based onOrthoimagery
8 million Farmers in 27 EU Member states Using 140 Million reference parcels uniquely identified
Reference parcels superimposed on ortho imagery
Digital Land Parcel System today
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Check of area, land cover, crop cover, Good agri environmental conditions …
Today: used by 25 Member States - 340,000 controls = 75% of total farm controls
per Campaign year:some 400 control zones800 High Resolution images250.000 km2 Very High Resolution data7 million € satellite images purchased in 2012 on behalf of DG Agri
Control with Remote SensingInitiated end of 90’s
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Description 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010* 2011* 2012*HR imagery
Planned HR sites 124 149 183 192 227 244 249 278 286 287
Radar backup sites 56 50 61(17 triplets) 54 (26) 17 (-) (-) (-) (-) (-) (-)
Total no. images acquired 680 690 690 693 657 538 655 671 735 640
HR purchased (M euro) 1,6 1,7 2 2,3 2,3 1,6 2,13 2,12 2 1,57
VHR imagery
Planned VHR sites 37 71 161 181 228 264 285 368 426 470
Area (km2) accepted 12.000 50.000 126.000 127.000 150.000 160.000 174.700 224.000 242.000 242.300
VHR purchased (M euro) 0,3 1,6 3 3 3,3 3,8 3,9 4,55 5,1 4,87
MS participating (HR and/or VHR) 12 22 24 23 24 24 25 27 27 27
Total purchased (M euro) 1,9 3,3 5,0 5,3 5,6 5,4 6,0 6,7 7,1 6,44
X 2,3
X 12,7
X 20,2
X 3,4
CwRS Campaigns overview
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Area measurements GNSS and ortho images
Device
ExpertFuzzy
borders
According to Art.34(1) of R.1122/2009, MS shall use measurement tools that are “proven to assure measurement of quality at least equivalent to that required by applicable technical standard, as drawn up at Community level”.
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GNSS devices validationArea measurement validation method
Buffer tolerance validation methodGNSS and Ortho imagery
GNSS
GNSS used in all 27 EU Member States for field measurement
More than 6400 receivers !!!!78 different GNSS devices/mode/method
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CAP 2020
Increased VHR images need (at least 50 cm + maybe 3 D information)
All parcelsPastures Olive trees
Farm
COP and SAParcels on slopes
Parcels along riverforestLandscape features
EnvironmentAgriculture
Control
GAEC
RemoteSensing
Greening
Greening of the CAP(crop diversification, winter cover, permanent pasture …)
More complex land use-land cover management
Quantification
Almost all areas to consider but urban
Crop group
Area
Landmaintenance
EFA quantification
EFA
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Work on implications of the new CAP regulation on:- the IACS (management system)- LPIS (parcel reference system)- OTS checks (control methods)
Technical solutions more than ever based on Geospatial data and geomatic
Proposed Horizontal Regulation “CAP Towards 2020” foresees continuation of CwRS as part of On The Spot Checks (also IACS and LPIS maintenance)
Technical management of CAP 2020
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Use of Geospatial data
Support detailed characterization of rural landscapes
Landscape features (location, type, area)HedgerowGroup of treesIsolated treesPondAncient monument…
Land use / land cover (location, type, area)Crop typepastureForestPermanent cropFallow landBuffer strips…
Eligibility of land 100% eligible
(Study done by Ekotoxa, CZ)
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Use of geospatial data …
3D view UAV image
Automatic linear features extractionof VHR images
Provide relevant information to farmers (digital, paper)Increase awareness on Cross Compliance (Advice: FAS)Reduce risk of infringementsEvaluate & monitor CAP impact on natural resources
LPIS + Satellite imagery + additional GIS layers (Digital Elevation Model, …)Location of: Parcels in vulnerable zones, rivers and green cover buffer, features ..
3D view of rural landscape
Most of themes derived
from geospatial data
Sound management of rural areas(LPIS as cornerstone)
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Taking benefit of INSPIRE directive