Georgia Georgia State State

GovernmGovernmentent

WARM-UP WARM-UP 1.1. How many Constitutions has How many Constitutions has

Georgia had?Georgia had? - When was the first state - When was the first state

Constitution approved?Constitution approved? - When was the last Georgia - When was the last Georgia

constitution approved?constitution approved?2.2. What is the purpose of Georgia What is the purpose of Georgia

government?government?3.3. What is the largest branch of What is the largest branch of

State government and who is State government and who is the head of it?the head of it?

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Question:Question:What is a Constitution?What is a Constitution?

• Answer: A Constitution is a Answer: A Constitution is a written plan for how a written plan for how a government is supposed to government is supposed to operate or work…operate or work…

• Both the United States and Each Both the United States and Each Individual States have a Individual States have a constitution…constitution…

Georgia’s ConstitutionGeorgia’s Constitution • Georgia adopted its first Georgia adopted its first

state constitution in 1777 just state constitution in 1777 just after the Colonies declared after the Colonies declared themselves free from Great themselves free from Great Britain. Britain.

• Georgia has had 10 State Georgia has had 10 State ConstitutionsConstitutions

• The Current one was created The Current one was created in 1983.in 1983.

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Georgia’s ConstitutionGeorgia’s Constitution• The Preamble to the State The Preamble to the State

Constitution reads… Constitution reads… “To perpetuate “To perpetuate the principles of free government, the principles of free government, insure justice for all, preserve insure justice for all, preserve peace, promote the interest and peace, promote the interest and happiness of the Citizens and of the happiness of the Citizens and of the family, and to transmit to posterity family, and to transmit to posterity the enjoyment of liberty, we the the enjoyment of liberty, we the people of Georgia, relying on the people of Georgia, relying on the protection and guidance of protection and guidance of Almighty God, do ordain and Almighty God, do ordain and establish this Constitution”establish this Constitution”

Georgia’s ConstitutionGeorgia’s Constitution • Georgia’s Constitution states Georgia’s Constitution states

that “All Government, of that “All Government, of Right, Originates with the Right, Originates with the people, is founded upon their people, is founded upon their will only, and is instituted for will only, and is instituted for the good of the whole. Public the good of the whole. Public officers are the trustees and officers are the trustees and servants of the people and servants of the people and are at all times amenable to are at all times amenable to them.” them.”

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Georgia’s ConstitutionGeorgia’s Constitution• This means that the Government is This means that the Government is

founded by Permission of the founded by Permission of the people, and those officials in people, and those officials in government are accountable to government are accountable to serve us and our needs as state serve us and our needs as state citizens. citizens.

• This concept is called “This concept is called “popular popular sovereigntysovereignty.”.”

- The fact that true governmental - The fact that true governmental power is derived from the people…power is derived from the people…

Separation of PowersSeparation of Powers• There are Three Main powers of There are Three Main powers of

Government…Government…--LegislativeLegislative – Making the Laws – Making the Laws--ExecutiveExecutive – Enforcing or Carrying – Enforcing or Carrying out the Lawsout the Laws--JudicialJudicial – Interpreting the law and – Interpreting the law and judging criminals according to it.judging criminals according to it.

• It used to be that Kings and other It used to be that Kings and other types of Dictatorships would do all types of Dictatorships would do all three of these powers by three of these powers by themselves. themselves.

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Separation of PowersSeparation of Powers• The United States (and The United States (and

Georgia) was one of the few Georgia) was one of the few Societies in history to start a Societies in history to start a government with these powers government with these powers separated.separated.

• Now many nations use this Now many nations use this system because it works.system because it works.

• Separation of Powers helps Separation of Powers helps governments from infringing governments from infringing on the people’s rights.on the people’s rights.

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PowersPowers• Georgia’s State Government Georgia’s State Government Works similar to the Works similar to the Federal/National GovernmentFederal/National Government

• The Legislative Branch is called The Legislative Branch is called the the General AssemblyGeneral Assembly. It is . It is BicameralBicameral with a… with a… -State Senate (56 members) and a -State Senate (56 members) and a -State House of Representatives -State House of Representatives (180 members). (180 members).

• Each member has a 2 year term.Each member has a 2 year term.

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PowersPowers• The Executive Branch is The Executive Branch is headed by the headed by the GovernorGovernor who serves a 4 year term.who serves a 4 year term.

• The Judicial Branch is The Judicial Branch is headed by the Supreme headed by the Supreme Court of Georgia, Justices Court of Georgia, Justices are elected. are elected.

Checks and BalancesChecks and Balances

• In Both the state and federal In Both the state and federal governments, there is a concept governments, there is a concept of “of “Checks and BalancesChecks and Balances” ”

• This means that each branch of This means that each branch of government has some power government has some power over another branch of over another branch of government too keep each government too keep each branch from becoming too branch from becoming too powerful.powerful.

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Checks and BalancesChecks and Balances• For Example…For Example… (In the Georgia State Government)(In the Georgia State Government)

--The Executive Branch can Veto bills The Executive Branch can Veto bills sent to it by the Legislative branch. It sent to it by the Legislative branch. It can also appoint court justices when can also appoint court justices when they resign or die. they resign or die. -The Legislative branch Can Impeach -The Legislative branch Can Impeach officials, It can override a veto, it can officials, It can override a veto, it can confirm those people appointed to confirm those people appointed to office by the governor, and it can office by the governor, and it can propose constitutional changes.propose constitutional changes.-The Judicial branch can rule actions of -The Judicial branch can rule actions of the governor or Laws made by the the governor or Laws made by the general Assembly Unconstitutionalgeneral Assembly Unconstitutional

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Roles of Citizens under Georgia’s Roles of Citizens under Georgia’s GovernmentGovernment

• Citizens have rights… These Rights are Citizens have rights… These Rights are given to you by the U.S. and State given to you by the U.S. and State Constitutions. Among them are…Constitutions. Among them are…- Free Speech- Free Speech- Freedom of Religion- Freedom of Religion- Freedom of the Press- Freedom of the Press- Right to keep and bare arms- Right to keep and bare arms- Right to a speedy, fair, and public - Right to a speedy, fair, and public trial.trial.

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Roles of Citizens under Roles of Citizens under Georgia’s GovernmentGeorgia’s Government

• With Rights comes Responsibilities…With Rights comes Responsibilities…- Voting – Though it is a right, it is also the - Voting – Though it is a right, it is also the responsibility of a free citizen. It is the responsibility of a free citizen. It is the responsibility to research every office and responsibility to research every office and issue you vote for. issue you vote for. -Paying Taxes- It is every citizens Duty to -Paying Taxes- It is every citizens Duty to pay taxes to the Federal, State, and Local pay taxes to the Federal, State, and Local government. government. -Jury Duty- For our court systems to be fair, -Jury Duty- For our court systems to be fair, you may be called to participate on a juryyou may be called to participate on a jury-Draft- All young men at the age of 18 must -Draft- All young men at the age of 18 must register for the draft for military serviceregister for the draft for military service

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Roles of Citizens under Georgia’s Roles of Citizens under Georgia’s GovernmentGovernment

• To vote in Georgia, one must To vote in Georgia, one must be…be…-18 years Old-18 years Old-A Citizen of the United States-A Citizen of the United States- a Legal resident of the county - a Legal resident of the county in which you residein which you reside

• Voters May join a Voters May join a Political Party, Political Party, which is a group of voters who which is a group of voters who have like minded issues. have like minded issues.

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Georgia’s Legislative BranchGeorgia’s Legislative Branch• Georgia’s Legislative branch is Georgia’s Legislative branch is

called the called the General AssemblyGeneral Assembly. . • It is made up of two houses It is made up of two houses

(bicameral)(bicameral)-The Senate (56)-The Senate (56)-The House of Representatives.-The House of Representatives. (180)(180)

• To be in the State House of To be in the State House of Representatives, you must be 21 Representatives, you must be 21 years old, Live in Georgia for 2 years old, Live in Georgia for 2 years, and live in the district you years, and live in the district you represent.represent.

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Georgia’s Legislative BranchGeorgia’s Legislative Branch

• To be in the State Senate To be in the State Senate you must be 25 years old, you must be 25 years old, Live in Georgia for 2 Live in Georgia for 2 years, and live in the years, and live in the district you represent.district you represent.

• Both State Senators and Both State Senators and Representatives serve Representatives serve two year terms.two year terms.

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• The Georgia Generally The Georgia Generally Assembly meets for nearly two Assembly meets for nearly two months every year beginning in months every year beginning in Late January. Late January.

• Their Primary duties are to pass Their Primary duties are to pass laws and passing the final laws and passing the final version of Georgia’s budget.version of Georgia’s budget.

• Most of the Work done in Most of the Work done in Georgia’s General Assembly Georgia’s General Assembly takes place in committees. takes place in committees.

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• The House of Representatives has The House of Representatives has 36 committees.36 committees.

• The leader of the House of The leader of the House of Representatives is called the Representatives is called the Speaker of the HouseSpeaker of the House. .

• The Majority leader represents the The Majority leader represents the Majority Political Party while the Majority Political Party while the Minority leader represents the Minority leader represents the minority political party.minority political party.

• The “Floor Leader” promotes the The “Floor Leader” promotes the causes of the Governor causes of the Governor

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• Georgia’s Senate also is made up of Georgia’s Senate also is made up of Committees, of which, there are 26.Committees, of which, there are 26.

• The Leader of the Senate is called The Leader of the Senate is called the “the “PresidentPresident of the of the SenateSenate” ” -Georgia’s -Georgia’s Lieutenant GovernorLieutenant Governor is is President of the SenatePresident of the Senate

• There is also a There is also a President Pro President Pro TemporeTempore of the Senate. of the Senate. This is the leader of the Majority This is the leader of the Majority Party.Party.

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1.1. What qualifications What qualifications must one be in order must one be in order to run for The State to run for The State Senate?Senate?

2.2. How long does the How long does the Georgia General Georgia General Assembly meet for Assembly meet for every year? every year?

3.3. What are the main What are the main duties of the Georgia duties of the Georgia General Assembly? General Assembly?

4.4. Both the State Both the State House and State House and State Senate are made up Senate are made up of ______________.of ______________.

Ticket Out the Ticket Out the DoorDoor

1.1. What Principle of What Principle of Government means Government means the Government the Government gets its powers gets its powers from the people?from the people?

2.2. What Principle of What Principle of Government means Government means that the powers of that the powers of Government are Government are divided? divided?

3.3. What principle of What principle of government keeps government keeps each branch from each branch from becoming too becoming too powerful?powerful?

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Write and Answer these Questions from the Write and Answer these Questions from the How a bill becomes law section of page 540How a bill becomes law section of page 540

1.1. Who can propose an idea for a law?Who can propose an idea for a law?Who can propose the bill for Who can propose the bill for consideration by the General consideration by the General Assembly?Assembly?

2.2. Bills can begin in either house except Bills can begin in either house except for bills that have to do with ________ for bills that have to do with ________ start in the House of start in the House of Representatives?Representatives?

3.3. What happens when one house What happens when one house passes a slightly different bill than the passes a slightly different bill than the other house?other house?

The Legislative ProcessThe Legislative Process• A potential law (before it is passed) is called a A potential law (before it is passed) is called a

Bill. Bill. A A Bill Bill goes through several steps before it goes through several steps before it becomes a becomes a law…law…

1.1. DraftingDrafting2.2. Introduction Introduction 3.3. Committee ConsiderationCommittee Consideration4.4. Floor Consideration, Floor Consideration, 5.5. Then to “other house Committee”Then to “other house Committee”6.6. Other House Floor Other House Floor 7.7. Conference Committee Conference Committee 8.8. Governor Consideration Governor Consideration 9.9. If Necessary, vote to Override the If Necessary, vote to Override the

vetoveto

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(If Necessary)(If Necessary)

(If Necessary)(If Necessary)

Georgia’s Executive BranchGeorgia’s Executive Branch

• Georgia’s Executive Georgia’s Executive Branch is headed up Branch is headed up by the Governor.by the Governor.

• His second in His second in command is called the command is called the LieutenantLieutenantGovernor. Governor. (This is sort of like the (This is sort of like the Vice President) Vice President)

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Georgia’s Executive BranchGeorgia’s Executive Branch• To run for either the To run for either the

Governorship or the Governorship or the Lieutenant Lieutenant Governorship one Governorship one must be 30 years old, must be 30 years old, a U.S. Citizen for at a U.S. Citizen for at least 15 years, and a least 15 years, and a resident of Georgia resident of Georgia for at least 6 years.for at least 6 years.

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Georgia’s Executive BranchGeorgia’s Executive Branch

• The Governor can The Governor can be elected to two-be elected to two-four year terms. four year terms.

• The Lt. Governor The Lt. Governor can serve an can serve an unlimited amount unlimited amount of 4-year termsof 4-year terms..

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More on Georgia’s Executive BranchMore on Georgia’s Executive Branch

Powers of the GovernorPowers of the Governor• Appoints people to lead Appoints people to lead

executive departments executive departments • Writes the first draft of the Writes the first draft of the

state budget. state budget. • Has to make a “State of the Has to make a “State of the

State” speech every year.State” speech every year.• Can “Pardon” Criminals. Can “Pardon” Criminals.

More on Georgia’s Executive BranchMore on Georgia’s Executive Branch

Powers of the GovernorPowers of the Governor

• Leader of the Leader of the executive Branchexecutive Branch

• Commander and Chief Commander and Chief or Georgia’s military or Georgia’s military forces. forces. (Georgia National Guard)(Georgia National Guard)

• Veto LegislationVeto Legislation• Signs bills into lawSigns bills into law

More on Georgia’s Executive BranchMore on Georgia’s Executive Branch

Powers of the Lieutenant GovernorPowers of the Lieutenant Governor

• Serves as Governor if the Serves as Governor if the current governor dies or is too current governor dies or is too sick to carry out his duties. sick to carry out his duties.

• As president of the senate, he As president of the senate, he decides committee decides committee memberships and chooses memberships and chooses committee chair-persons.committee chair-persons.

Georgia’s Lt. Georgia’s Lt. GovernorGovernor

Casey Cagle Casey Cagle

Executive DepartmentsExecutive Departments• The executive branch The executive branch

is also made up of is also made up of executive departments. executive departments.

• Department of Department of Agriculture, the Agriculture, the Insurance Insurance Commissioner and Commissioner and Department of Labor Department of Labor all have elected all have elected officials elected by the officials elected by the people.people.

Insurance Insurance Commissioner Commissioner John OxendineJohn Oxendine

Executive DepartmentsExecutive Departments

• The Department ofThe Department of

Corrections, Department Corrections, Department of Defense, Department of Defense, Department of Education, of Education, Department of Natural Department of Natural Resources, and the Resources, and the Department of Department of Transportation all have Transportation all have officials officials appointed appointed by by the governor.the governor.

Executive DepartmentsExecutive Departments• State Attorney GeneralState Attorney General – This person is – This person is

the Chief Lawyer for the state.the Chief Lawyer for the state.• Commissioner of AgricultureCommissioner of Agriculture – This – This

person is Head of the Agriculture person is Head of the Agriculture department. He/she helps maintain department. He/she helps maintain farmer’s markets, attract Farming-farmer’s markets, attract Farming-Related businesses to the state and Related businesses to the state and inspects farms and farming related inspects farms and farming related products. products.

• Commissioner of LaborCommissioner of Labor – This person is – This person is head of the Labor department. They head of the Labor department. They regulate the health and safety of regulate the health and safety of workers and enforce state labor laws.workers and enforce state labor laws.

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Executive DepartmentsExecutive Departments• Commissioner of InsuranceCommissioner of Insurance – This person – This person

regulates the insurance companies and regulates the insurance companies and says which ones can operate in Georgia.says which ones can operate in Georgia.

• Public Service Commissioners Public Service Commissioners – – These are These are people who regulate utilities in Georgia, people who regulate utilities in Georgia, such as phone, cable, electricity and water.such as phone, cable, electricity and water.

• Secretary of StateSecretary of State – – This person’s This person’s department maintains official records, department maintains official records, supervises elections, appoints examining supervises elections, appoints examining boards, grants corporate charters, and boards, grants corporate charters, and regulates stocks and bonds in Georgia. regulates stocks and bonds in Georgia.

• State School SuperintendantState School Superintendant - - this is the this is the head of the schools for our state. head of the schools for our state.

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State AgenciesState Agencies• There are over thirty state Agencies There are over thirty state Agencies

and Boards…and Boards…• Most of the members of these state Most of the members of these state

agencies are appointed by the agencies are appointed by the Governor or Commissioners of Governor or Commissioners of executive departments.executive departments.

• Examples of Boards and Agencies Examples of Boards and Agencies are the…are the…-State Board of Pardons and Paroles-State Board of Pardons and Paroles-the Board of Natural Resources-the Board of Natural Resources-the State Personnel Board. -the State Personnel Board.

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Because Georgia’s government is Because Georgia’s government is involved in many legal proceedings, it involved in many legal proceedings, it

needs legal advice and guidance. needs legal advice and guidance. Which Official of theWhich Official of the

Executive branch provides this advice?Executive branch provides this advice?

a)a) Secretary of StateSecretary of State

b)b) Lieutenant GovernorLieutenant Governor

c)c) Commissioner of LaborCommissioner of Labor

d)d) Attorney GeneralAttorney General

Which office of the executive branch Which office of the executive branch maintains state records and supervises maintains state records and supervises

elections? elections?

a)a) Department of Community Department of Community AffairsAffairs

b)b) State Board of TransportationState Board of Transportation

c)c) Department of LaborDepartment of Labor

d)d) State Department (Secretary of State Department (Secretary of State) State)

Which Branch of the State Government Which Branch of the State Government sees that the state laws are sees that the state laws are

implemented? implemented?

a)a) CommissionCommission

b)b) ExecutiveExecutive

c)c) LegislativeLegislative

d)d) Judicial Judicial

According to Georgia’s Constitution, According to Georgia’s Constitution, how many consecutive years can how many consecutive years can

Georgia’s Lieutenant governor serve in Georgia’s Lieutenant governor serve in that capacity?that capacity?

a)a) 4 Years 4 Years

b)b) 8 Years8 Years

c)c) 16 years16 years

d)d) Undefined number of yearsUndefined number of years

Which of the following accurately Which of the following accurately describes the powers of the Georgia describes the powers of the Georgia

General Assembly?General Assembly? a)a) It has law-making powers over all areas It has law-making powers over all areas

of Georgia involving money, of Georgia involving money, taxes ,revenue, and appropriations.taxes ,revenue, and appropriations.

b)b) It has law-making powers over all areas It has law-making powers over all areas not Specifically Stated in the U.S. not Specifically Stated in the U.S. Constitution. Constitution.

c)c) It has sole power over some areas and It has sole power over some areas and split power with the U.S. Government in split power with the U.S. Government in other areas.other areas.

d)d) It has powers specifically designated in It has powers specifically designated in both the Georgia and U.S. Constitutions both the Georgia and U.S. Constitutions

The Judicial Branch in GeorgiaThe Judicial Branch in Georgia SS8CG4a,b,c,dSS8CG4a,b,c,d

• The Georgia Supreme Court is The Georgia Supreme Court is the Highest State Court in the the Highest State Court in the State of Georgia. State of Georgia.

• There are two types of There are two types of Courts…Courts…-Trial Courts-Trial Courts- Appellate courts- Appellate courts

• A A Trial CourtTrial Court is where a is where a criminal’s action or a lawsuit criminal’s action or a lawsuit may be tried. may be tried.

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• An An Appellate Court Appellate Court is where a is where a previous case is appealed. previous case is appealed.

• JurisdictionJurisdiction = = is a term meaning is a term meaning which cases a court can try. which cases a court can try. This is because of the type of This is because of the type of case, and the geographic case, and the geographic location. location.

• Judges may be appointed, or Judges may be appointed, or Chosen in partisan and non-Chosen in partisan and non-partisan electionspartisan elections

Civil and Criminal CasesCivil and Criminal Cases• A A Civil CaseCivil Case is where one is where one

person sues another for a claim person sues another for a claim of having done them wrong. of having done them wrong. -The person suing is the-The person suing is the PlaintiffPlaintiff-The Person getting sued is the-The Person getting sued is the defendantdefendant

• Most Civil Cases are settled out Most Civil Cases are settled out of court, and those found guilty of court, and those found guilty never have to go to jail. never have to go to jail.

Civil and Criminal CasesCivil and Criminal Cases• The Second kind of case is aThe Second kind of case is a

criminalcriminal casecase..This is where someone accused This is where someone accused of breaking the law is put on of breaking the law is put on trial by the law enforcement trial by the law enforcement agencies. agencies.

• The Government’s lawyer is The Government’s lawyer is called thecalled the prosecutor prosecutor. .

Which Branch of State Government Which Branch of State Government has the main responsibility of has the main responsibility of

writing the laws?writing the laws?

a)a) LegislativeLegislative

b)b) ExecutiveExecutive

c)c) JudicialJudicial

d)d) FederalFederal

Which elected state official controls the Which elected state official controls the flow of federal and state education flow of federal and state education

funding? funding?

a)a) State Attorney GeneralState Attorney General

b)b) State School Superintendant State School Superintendant

c)c) Labor Commissioner Labor Commissioner

d)d) Secretary of StateSecretary of State

The division of the three The division of the three powers of government into powers of government into three branches to create a three branches to create a

limited government is called…limited government is called…

a)a)FederalismFederalism

b)b)Separation of PowersSeparation of Powers

c)c)Checks and balancesChecks and balances

d)d)Popular SovereigntyPopular Sovereignty

Adult Justice SystemAdult Justice System• Persons accused of a crime must goes Persons accused of a crime must goes

through these steps…through these steps…• ArrestedArrested• Arraignment - The Police bring the Arraignment - The Police bring the

accused before the judge to tell why accused before the judge to tell why he/she has been arrestedhe/she has been arrested

• Grand JuryGrand Jury – This is a group of people – This is a group of people who determines if there is enough who determines if there is enough evidence for the accused to stand trial.evidence for the accused to stand trial.

• Jury trialJury trial• Sentencing Sentencing

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Settling Disputes PeacefullySettling Disputes PeacefullyFiling a lawsuit against someone is not Filing a lawsuit against someone is not

always the best way to handle a dispute always the best way to handle a dispute peacefully. Below are other ways…peacefully. Below are other ways…

• MediationMediation – A Neutral third person meets – A Neutral third person meets with all sides and with all sides and helps themhelps them settle the settle the dispute.dispute.

• ArbitrationArbitration – A Neutral Third Person called – A Neutral Third Person called an arbitrator meets with both sides and an arbitrator meets with both sides and the the arbitratorarbitrator makes a makes a legally bindinglegally binding decision decision

• CompromiseCompromise – Each of the disputing – Each of the disputing parties gives up something to live in parties gives up something to live in peacepeace

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Settling Disputes PeacefullySettling Disputes PeacefullyFiling a lawsuit against someone is not Filing a lawsuit against someone is not

always the best way to handle a dispute always the best way to handle a dispute peacefully. Below are other ways…peacefully. Below are other ways…

• NegotiationNegotiation – The Process of giving up an – The Process of giving up an issue with the intention of resolving it. issue with the intention of resolving it.

• CollaborationCollaboration - occurs when members of - occurs when members of opposing parties meet together to find opposing parties meet together to find common ground.common ground.

• Non-ViolenceNon-Violence – to seek change with – to seek change with peaceful protest peaceful protest

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The Juvenile Justice SystemThe Juvenile Justice System• On any given day, 2,500 children On any given day, 2,500 children

are locked up in Georgia because are locked up in Georgia because of Criminal Activity. of Criminal Activity.

• Juveniles are Citizens under the Juveniles are Citizens under the age of 17age of 17

• Juveniles have to follow all other Juveniles have to follow all other Federal, State and Local Laws, but Federal, State and Local Laws, but have a special status under the have a special status under the law. law.

• A Juvenile’s Status can mean more A Juvenile’s Status can mean more lenient sentencing, but it also lenient sentencing, but it also means that you have to obey some means that you have to obey some laws that adults don’t. laws that adults don’t.

Types of OffensesTypes of Offenses • There are two types of offenses…There are two types of offenses…1.1. A A Status OffenseStatus Offense (a.k.a. Unruly (a.k.a. Unruly

Behavior) is one where the Juvenile Behavior) is one where the Juvenile commits a crime that is only a crime commits a crime that is only a crime for a Juvenile. Ex: Truancy, Disobeys for a Juvenile. Ex: Truancy, Disobeys Caregivers, Curfew Violations etc..Caregivers, Curfew Violations etc..

2.2. A A Delinquent ActDelinquent Act is a crime is a crime committed by a child that would also committed by a child that would also be a crime if an adult did the same be a crime if an adult did the same thing… Ex: Rape, Murder, Drugs etc.thing… Ex: Rape, Murder, Drugs etc.

• Children can be tried as an adult for Children can be tried as an adult for serious crimes. serious crimes.

Juvenile CourtsJuvenile Courts• Juvenile Courts exist in every Juvenile Courts exist in every

county and have three purposes…county and have three purposes… 1.1. To help protect the well being of To help protect the well being of

ChildrenChildren2.2. To make sure that any child To make sure that any child

coming under the jurisdiction of coming under the jurisdiction of the court receive the care, the court receive the care, protection and control that they protection and control that they need.need.

3.3. To provide for children that are To provide for children that are removed from their homes. removed from their homes.

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Steps in the Juvenile Justice ProcessSteps in the Juvenile Justice Process1.1. IntakeIntake – A juvenile is turned over to – A juvenile is turned over to

an Intake Officer.an Intake Officer.2.2. DetentionDetention – When a Juvenile is – When a Juvenile is

detained, a probable cause hearing detained, a probable cause hearing must be held within 72 hours. must be held within 72 hours.

3.3. Formal HearingFormal Hearing – has two parts – has two parts1) Adjudicatory Hearing – Actual 1) Adjudicatory Hearing – Actual TrialTrial2) Dispositional Hearing – 2) Dispositional Hearing – Sentencing Phase Sentencing Phase

4.4. Sentencing Sentencing 5.5. AppealsAppeals

Which Constitutional Concept Which Constitutional Concept means that government’s true means that government’s true

power comes from the people it power comes from the people it governs?governs?

a)a) Checks and BalancesChecks and Balances

b)b) Popular SovereigntyPopular Sovereignty

c)c) Separation of PowersSeparation of Powers

d)d) FederalismFederalism

A Juvenile accused of assault A Juvenile accused of assault and battery has committed a…and battery has committed a…

a)a)MisdemeanorMisdemeanor

b)b)Status Offense Status Offense

c)c)Delinquent ActDelinquent Act

d)d)Unruly Behavior Unruly Behavior

The division of the three The division of the three powers of government into powers of government into three branches to create a three branches to create a

limited government is called…limited government is called…

a)a)FederalismFederalism

b)b)Separation of PowersSeparation of Powers

c)c)Checks and balancesChecks and balances

d)d)Popular SovereigntyPopular Sovereignty

Both houses of the Georgia General Both houses of the Georgia General Assembly are organized into this… Assembly are organized into this… In order to study bills more closely In order to study bills more closely

and take public comment on them…and take public comment on them…

a)a) CommitteesCommittees

b)b) Federal RepublicsFederal Republics

c)c)Political PartiesPolitical Parties

d)d)Secretaries Secretaries