Geometry Vocabulary Packet
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Transcript of Geometry Vocabulary Packet
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Geometry Vocabulary Packet
Mrs. Jenkins8th Grade Mathematics
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1.POINT:a mathematical figure pictured by a dot and named by a letter.
• CAPITAL LETTERB
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2. LINE: a line segment extended without end in both directions.
B D C
BD�������������� �
BC�������������� �
DC�������������� �
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3. LINE SEGMENT: a part of a line consisting of two endpoints and all the points between them.
B D C
BD BC DC
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4. RAY:a line segment extended without end in one
direction only.B D C
BD��������������
BC��������������
DC��������������
CB��������������
NOT
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5.COLLINEAR POINTS: points that lie on the same line.
B D C
B, D and C are collinear with each other
E is not collinear with B, D and C
E
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6.ENDPOINT: a boundary point of a line segment or ray.
B D C
BD��������������
The endpoin
t is B
BC The endpoints are B and
C
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7. PLANE: a set of points on a flat surface that extends without end.
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8.COPLANAR: points or lines in the same plane.
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9.COMPASS: a drawing instrument used to draw arcs and circles.
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10.CIRCLE: a plane figure with all points the same distance from a given point called the center. T
Named for its center
point:
Circle T
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U
S
VT
R
Copy this diagram onto your packet.
It will used as a reference for the next six terms.
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11.CHORD: a segment with both endpoints on the circle.
U
S
VT
R RU
SU
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12.DIAMETER: in a circle, a segment that passes through the center and that has both endpoints on the circle.
U
S
VT
R
RU
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13.ARC: part of a circle.
U
S
VT
R
RS
SU RSU
RUS
Are
the same arc?
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14.SEMI-CIRCLE: an arc that joins the endpoints of a diameter.
U
S
VT
R RSU
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15.RADIUS: in a circle, a segment that has one endpoint on the circle and the other endpoint on the center of the circle.
U
S
VT
RRT
TU
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16.TANGENT: a line that intersects a circle in exactly one point.
U
S
VT
R
SV�������������� �
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17.CIRCUMFERENCE: the distance around a circle.
2C rC d
T
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18.PI: the ratio of a circle’s circumference divided by its diameter.
C
D
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Review #1-18
Name the six rays.
W X Y
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19.ANGLE: the figure formed by two rays sharing a common endpoint called a vertex.
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20. SIDE:a.one of the rays of an
angleb. a line segment whose
endpoints are adjacent vertices of a polygon. side
side
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21. VERTEX: (Vertices)
a. the common endpoint of two rays that form an angle.
b. the point of intersection of two sides of a polygon.
c. the point of intersection of the edges of a polyhedron.
vertex
vertex
vertex
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22.ADJACENT ANGLES: angles that have a common vertex and share a common side between them.
1
23
4
5
1& 5 5& 2 3& 2 3& 4 4 & 1
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23.VERTICAL ANGLES: angles formed by intersecting lines and sharing only a vertex.
2 & 4 1
23
4
5
Look for the Bow Tie!
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24. PROTRACTOR: a device for measuring angles in units called degrees.
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25. BISECT: to divide into two
congruent parts.
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26.ACUTE ANGLES: an angle whose measure is between 0 and 90.
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27. RIGHT ANGLES: an angle whose measure is 90
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28. OBTUSE ANGLES: an angle whose
measure is between 90 and 180.
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29. STRAIGHT ANGLES: an angle whose measure is 180.
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30. PERPENDICULAR LINES: lines that intersect to form right angles.
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31. EQUAL ANGLES: angles with the same measure.
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32. COMPLEMENTARY ANGLES: angles whose measures add up to 90.
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33. SUPPLEMENTARY ANGLES: angles whose measures add up to 180.
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Keeping them Straight!
Some ways to remember…
Alphabetical and Numeric OrderComplimentary 90Supplementary 180
Supplementary
Straight Line 90 180c S
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34. CENTRAL ANGLE: an angle with its vertex at the center of the circle.
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35.POLYGON: a closed plane figure made by line segments.
NOT Polygons…
WHY?
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36.REGULAR POLYGON: a polygon with all sides congruent and all angles congruent.
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37.TRIANGLE: a polygon with 3 sides.
The sum of the measure
of the interior angles of a triangle
must be 180
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Can these side lengths make a triangle?
5, 7, 39, 5, 2
How do you know?The sum of the 2 smaller side lengths
must be greater than the length of the longest side.
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Triangle Classification
By Angle Measure
38.Acute Triangle
39.Obtuse Triangle
40.Right Triangle
By Side Lengths
41.ScaleneTriangle
42.IsocelesTriangle
43.Equilateral Triangle
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38. ACUTE TRIANGLE: a triangle with three acute angles.
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39. OBTUSE TRIANGLEa triangle with an obtuse angle.
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40.RIGHT TRIANGLE: a triangle with a right angle.
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41.SCALENE TRIANGLE: a triangle with no congruent sides.
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42.ISOSCELES TRIANGLE: a triangle with at least two congruent sides.
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43.EQUILATERAL TRIANGLE: a triangle with all three sides congruent.
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9
54
37
6
28
1
Adjacent Angles (9 pair)
Vertical Angles (3 pair)
Supplementary Angles (10 pair)
Complimentary Angles (1 pair)
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Quadrilateral Diagram
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44.QUADRILATERAL: a polygon with 4 sides.
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45.TRAPEZOID: a quadrilateral with exactly one pair of parallel sides.
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46.ISOSCELES TRAPEZIOD: a trapezoid with non parallel sides congruent.
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47.PARALLELOGRAM: a quadrilateral with opposite sides parallel and congruent.
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48.RHOMBUS: a parallelogram with all sides congruent.
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49.RECTANGLE: a parallelogram with four right angles.
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50.SQUARE: a rectangle with congruent sides or a rhombus with four right angles.
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51.PENTAGON: a polygon with 5 sides.
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Why is the Pentagon called the Pentagon?
5 Branches ofMilitary• Army• Navy
• Marine Corps• Air Force
• Coast Guard
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52.HEXAGON: a polygon with 6 sides.
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53.HEPTAGON: a polygon with 7 sides.
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54.OCTAGON: a polygon with 8 sides.
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55.NONAGON: a polygon with 9 sides.
Construct your own or use Sketcher # 24
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56.DECAGON: a polygon with 10 sides.
Construct your own or use Sketcher # 25
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57.CONGRUENT POLYGONS:polygons that are the same shape and size.
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58. SIMILAR POLYGONS: polygons that are the same shape and proportional in size.
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59.DIAGONAL: a segment with two non-adjacent vertices of a polygon as its endpoints.
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How many diagonals can be drawn…
• From one vertex of a pentagon?
• From all vertices of a pentagon?
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60.SYMMETRIC FIGURE: a plane figure that can be folded into two congruent parts. The fold is the line of symmetry.
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For the #61-74, we will be using the below diagram
Q X 1 2 Y
3 4
W 5 6 Z 7 8 P
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61.PARALLEL LINES: coplanar lines which never intersect.
Q X 1 2 Y
3 4
W 5 6 Z 7 8 P
XY WZ���������������������������������������� ���
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62.TRANSVERSAL: a line which intersects two or more lines in the same plane (cuts the
parallel lines) Q X 1 2 Y
3 4
W 5 6 Z 7 8 P
QP�������������� �
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63.ALTERNATE INTERIOR ANGLES:
angles between parallel lines and on opposite sides of the transversal
(look for the Z) Q X 1 2 Y
3 4
W 5 6 Z 7 8 P
3& 6
4 & 5
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64.CORRESPONDING ANGLES: angles having the same position on each of the parallel lines (look for the F)
Q X 1 2 Y
3 4
W 5 6 Z 7 8 P
1& 5 2 & 6 3& 7 4 & 8
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65.SKEW LINES: lines which are not coplanar, do not intersect and are not parallel.
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Extra Credit Opportunity
Find 10 pictures (not clip art!) that display real life examples of 10
Geometry Vocab Words
Example: Skew Lines