Geography Terms, Vocabulary, and Tools

Compass rose- Never Eat Soggy Waffles- see diagram on board

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• Latitude- lines run parallel to the equator

• Example: 40 degrees N latitude

• Tropic of Cancer- 23 ½ degrees N latitude

• Tropic of Capricorn- 23 ½ degrees S latitude

• Equator- 0 degrees latitude

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• Longitude- lines run from north pole to south pole; not parallel to prime meridian

• Example: 80 degrees W longitude

• Prime Meridian- 0 degrees longitude

• International Date Line- 180 degrees longitude

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• Know the 7 continents

• Know the 4 oceans

• Know the 5 Great Lakes- HOMES

• Revolution- a complete trip around the sun

• 365 ¼ days- Leap Year

• Rotation- earth spinning on its axis- 24 hours- day

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• Globe- spherical representation of earth

• Map- flat representation of earth

• Mercator projection- “grid system” map- see diagram on board

• Robinson projection- “globe on paper”- see picture on page 3

• Know the 4 hemispheres

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• Key- tool that gives you information on a map

• Example: 1 inch equals 100 miles, star- capital city

Types of Maps

• Political- shows boundaries between countries

• Physical- shows rivers and mountains

• Contour- shows elevation

• Geological- shows structure of earth- volcanoes and earthquakes- see page 11- Pangea- plate tectonics- moving of earth’s crust

Reading Charts and Graphs

• Bar graph- page 13

• Line graph- page 14

• Circle graph- page 14

• Pictograph- page 15

• Climograph- page 15

• Charts and Tables- page 17