Geographies of Community Resilience, Response and Recovery to Natural Hazards, Dr. Iraphne Childs...
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Transcript of Geographies of Community Resilience, Response and Recovery to Natural Hazards, Dr. Iraphne Childs...
School of Geography, Planning & Environmental Management
The geography of community resilience to hazards & disasters
Dr Peter Hastings
School of Geography, Planning & Environmental Management
The geography of community resilience to hazards & disasters
• Resilience – new direction in disaster management
• What makes a community resilient?
• Applying a geographical perspective to investigate the resilience of places
School of Geography, Planning & Environmental Management
Community Resilience – what is it?
Resilience – the ability to “spring back from” an incident or disaster (resist, absorb, accommodate to, recover & emerge stronger)
Determined by the degree to which the community has the necessary resources and is capable of organising itself both prior to & during times of need… (UN International Strategy for Disaster Reduction; UNISDR)
School of Geography, Planning & Environmental Management
Community Resilience – what is it?
The flip-side… Vulnerability
“The conditions determined by physical, social, economic and environmental factors or processes, which increase the susceptibility of a community to the impact of hazards.”
(National Emergency Risk Assessment Guidelines)
School of Geography, Planning & Environmental Management
Community Resilience – what is it?
• Resilient Communities:– Function well while under stress– Can successfully adapt (adaptive capacity)– Are self-sufficient– Have social capacity– Understand the risks– Plan for emergencies, coordinate & participate– Engage appropriate landuse planning
(adapted from NEMC 2011)
School of Geography, Planning & Environmental Management
How resilient to hazardsis this place?
How resilient to hazards are these people/communities?
Place/community imagery
School of Geography, Planning & Environmental Management
• Place/community based
• Analyses of physical & cultural landscape interaction
• Spatial analysis (accessibility, networks, relative location, risk, landuse, regional contrasts, landscape change/ adaptation, relative disadvantage, social capital, sustainibility etc.)
Analysing disaster resilience facilitates good geography
School of Geography, Planning & Environmental Management
How Vulnerable/ Resilient is this Place?
• You have been asked to make an “all hazards” assessment…
• What observable characteristics of a place would you look at to indicate –
(a) vulnerability & (b) resilience?
School of Geography, Planning & Environmental Management
How Resilient is this Place?
Landscape Element Vulnerability Indicators Resilience Indicators
People/ Demography e.g. high% aged ?
Environment e.g. floodplain ?
Economy ? ?
Public Admin. ? e.g. DM planning
Social Setting ? ?
Infrastructure ? ?
School of Geography, Planning & Environmental Management
How Resilient is this Place? – The Gap, Brisbane
Imagery: Google Earth
The Gap, Brisbane – Emergency ServicesImagery: Google Earth
School of Geography, Planning & Environmental Management
Source: http://www.ruralfire.qld.gov.au/Bushfire%20Planning/index.htmlRural Fire Service – Queensland Government
School of Geography, Planning & Environmental Management
Source: http://www.brisbane.qld.gov.au/community/community-safety/disasters-and-emergencies/types-of-disasters/flooding/understanding-your-flood-risk/flood-flag-map/index.htmBrisbane City Council
School of Geography, Planning & Environmental Management
The Gap (suburb), 2006 Census, ABS
Source: www.abs.gov.au Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2006 Census
School of Geography, Planning & Environmental Management
Source: www.abs.gov.au Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2006 Census
• Informal community• Abject poverty• At risk
How Resilient is this Place? – Be careful!
Imizamo Yethu, South Africa
School of Geography, Planning & Environmental Management
School of Geography, Planning & Environmental Management
The geography of community resilience to hazards & disasters
• Resilience – new emphasis in disaster management
• What makes a community resilient?
• Applying a geographical perspective to investigate the resilience of places
Some resources* The National Emergency Management Committee (NEMC) 2011, National Strategy for Disaster Resilience, building our nation’s resilience to disasters.Available online: http://www.coag.gov.au/coag_meeting_outcomes/2011-02-13/docs/national_strategy_disaster_resilience.pdf
Handmer, J 2003, ‘We are all vulnerable’, The Australian Journal of Emergency Management, vol. 18, no 3, pp.55-60.Available online: http://www.em.gov.au/Documents/We%20are%20all%20Vulnerable.pdf
Harte, EW, Childs, IRW and Hastings, PA 2009, ‘Imizamo Yethu: a case study of community resilience to fire hazard in an informal settlement Cape Town, South Africa’, Geographical Research, vol.47 Issue 2, pp.142–154. Available online:http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1745-5871.2008.00561.x/abstract;jsessionid=73163EF7B3AE4A0BA71C10D19B61F645.d02t01
National Emergency Management Committee, 2010, National Emergency Risk Assessment Guidelines, Tasmanian State Emergency Service, Hobart. (NERAG). Available online:http://www.em.gov.au/Publications/Program%20publications/Pages/NationalEmergencyRiskAssessmentGuidelines.aspxBrisbane Flood Mapping: http://www.brisbane.qld.gov.au/community/community-safety/disasters-and-emergencies/types-of-disasters/flooding/understanding-your-flood-risk/flood-flag-map/index.htm
Queensland Rural Fire Service Mapping: http://www.ruralfire.qld.gov.au/Bushfire%20Planning/index.html
School of Geography, Planning & Environmental Management