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GEOGRAPHY FINAL : SOUTHEAST ASIA AND EAST ASIA

EXAM ON MAY 3 7:45 AM

A. Introduction: Archipelagos, Peninsulas, islands and mainland countries in Southeast Asia1) The Major Sub-regions of Southeast Asia

a. Indochina is a PENINSULAWhich countries are in this region?1) VIETNAM2) LAOS3) CAMBODIA

b. Malaya Archipelago includes which countries: (which country is the most populated?)1) INDONESIA2) Philippines3) Tinor-Leste4) Malaysia* which other region does this country belong to?

c. Mainland Southeast Asia includes which countries:1)2)3)

d. (sub-subregion) Insular Southeast Asia: Malay and Philippine archipelago islands that sit ona boundary of three segments of earths crust

e. *Some countries overlap in regionsB. Landforms tectonic activity and hazards

1) Name the four tectonically active plates1)2)

3)4)

2) Which volcanoes are active, where are they located and when did they last erupt?1)2)3)

3) What disasters is this area prone to?1) __________2) Tsunamis Recent major tsunamis?

4) What is the Mariana Trench? Pacific Ring of Fire?

C. Landforms mainland and islandsMainland

1) Mainland is geologically ____________2) Mountainous (oriented N-S)3) Longest and most important river in Southeast Asia?

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Islands

1) Island countries/archipelagos in this region include?2) What are Spratly Islands?

a. ____________ outcrops (islands) not countriesb. ______________ in South China Sea see map p 342c. EEZ (exclusive economic zone)?

D. 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami1) Whats a tsunami?2) When did this tsunami occur?3) How many died (total)?4) Which areas were the worst affected?

E. ClimateA. The mainland is ____________ with ______________B. regional climates can vary considerably from year to year as a result of _______ conditions and the

direction and intensity of typhoons or hurricanes

C. Southeast Asia has a ___________ climate with equatorial convergence and seasonal monsoon windsthat bring (light or heavy) precipitation.

1) Influencing factors area. Latitudeb. Oceansc. _______________

2) Tropical Monsoon p.339 see mapa. Warm year round, rainfall on equator, cyclones and typhoons

3) ITCZa. Convergence of _______________________

F. Ecological Regions (worlds 2nd highest in biodiversity, yall.)a. *______________ Line? (Over the ______________) Boundary of bio-geographical division

between Asia and Australia NOT CHOPSTICK LINE.

b. Land bridge- connected ___________ to _______________ (species migration)c. Heavily forested- _______________________

G. Environmental History/Issuesa. What are the three traditional agricultural land uses?

i.ii.

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iii.b. Deforestation cleared what type of plantations?

i. Can cause orangutan extinction!c. Impacts of deforestation

i. Loss of habitat for endangered animalsii. Flooding

iii. ________________H. Early civilizations pre-colonial

a. What the two MAIN types of cities?b. Ex: Hindu religious center Angkor Wat in Cambodiac. Ex: Malacca port founded in 12th century

I. European colonialisma. Mercantile period (1500 1800 AD)

i. Portugal colonized _______________________________ii. Spain- Manila

iii. Dutch- ____________ Islands in __________________iv. Britain- expanded to Burma after Indiav. Malacca vs. Molucca: Port vs. Religious center

b. P 349. Dutch dominated the _____________, British and French dominated _______________,the Spanish dominated __________________

c. ______________ period (1800-1945)i. British- British East India Companyii. French- INDOCHINA (*remember the countries in this region?)

iii. United States- Spanish/American War- Philippines 1898iv.

Thailand?d. Impacts of Colonialism

i. Trade established with Europeii. Western demand for eastern products

iii. Local economies turn into LARGESCALE monocropping production systems

J. Vietnam Wara. First Indochina War (1945-54)

i. What kind of colony was Vietnam?ii. Since France refused to leave after WWII, war arose between

b. Second Indochina War (1954-75)i. War between independent communist North Vietnam and a South Vietnam. US

coalition with (North or South) Vietnam

ii. How does Domino Theory relate?iii. ***AGENT ORANGE-iv. Khmer Rouge: Communist movement in ______________

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K. Populationa. Which is the 4th most populous country?b. What is the worlds largest Muslim country?c. Settlement along coasts, river valleys and deltasd. Pop. Growth (high , slow) in wealthy countries and (high , low) in poor countries

L. Migrationa. Name the three migration patterns. Who and why do these people move?

i.ii.

iii.M.Urbanization (50% urban)

a. Urban Primacyi. Bangkok (6.7 mil)ii. _________________________

b. Which two countries have dual centers and what are they?i.ii.

c. What is Desakota?

N. Language and Religion (500 ethnic and language groups)a. Cultural nations

i.

Thailand = Thaiii. __________ = Burmeseiii. Cambodia = ___________iv. Vietnam = Vietnamesev. Laos = _________vi. Malaysia = _______________

b. Religioni. What religion is predominant in the mainland?ii. Islam island region

iii. Hinduism in pockets. Where?iv. Where is Christianity practiced?v. There are indigenous groups in mountains and islands that have traditional local beliefs

O. Social and economic inequalitya. There are large variations of GDP

i. High GDPs Singapore and __________________ii. Low GDPs

b. Explain the concepts of Crony capitalism and Kleptocracy.i. Crony Capitalism-ii. Kleptocracy-

c. ____________ societies

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d. Labor exploitatione. Sex trade is predominant where?

P. Gender issues and sexual politicsa. What is the difference between matrilocality and patrilocality?

i. Matrilocality-ii. Patrilocality-

b. New employments opportunities for women but salaries remain ____________. However,women enjoy more power than other societies.

c. Commercial sex industry led to _____________________________________

Q. Political instability and conflictsa. Indonesia

i. ____________ was colonized by ____________ until 1976ii. In 1976, it was then handed over to who?

iii. 24 years of civil war but gained independence in 2000iv. ______________ population favors unification with Papua New Guineav. Aceh ____________________________

b. Philippines= Islamic moro liberationc. Burma- Military dictatorship has ___________________ democracy

i. Who was Aung Sang Su Kyi and what did this person do?R. Economy

a. Explain what ASEAN and AFTA are.i. ASEANii. AFTA

S. Corea. What are the cores of Southeast Asia?b. Growth Triangle economic complementary between the three nodes*

East Asia

A. East Asia Introduction1) Name the countries in East Asia:

1.2.3.

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4.5.

2) Worlds most populous region!3) (Big , small) contrasts, both human and physical

B. Landforms and Landscapes1) Name the three major landforms/landscapes and note important facts about it! (ex: where are

they located?)

1. _____________ Plateaua) What is it also known as?b) The highest and largest plateau in the worldc) Occupies ____% of Chinas land but contains ____% of its population?

2. ______________ Mountains and Plateausa) Mainly in which two countries?b) Include Turfan Depression* how low is it?

3. ____________________________a) Vast alluvial plains of what two rivers?b) The Yangtze River is the ___________ river in China.c) This landscape covers:d) Japan falls in the Ring of Fire. What is Japans highest mountain and is it

volcano?

C. Plate tectonics1) Is this regions tectonic plates active?2) What occurred in March 2011?

D.

Climate1) Each region has a different climate. Name each regions climate.1. Central mountains and Plateaus

a)2. Tibetan Plateau

a)3. Northern regime

a)4. Southern Regime

a)2) Where do monsoons occur?

E. Environmental issues1) The dense settlement and urbanization causes?2) Explain what the Asian Brown Cloud is. How might it affect the environment?

1.

F. Ancient empires China and Japan

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1) What dynasty ruled China 2000 years ago?1. Established a strong centralized state2. What was built during this dynasty?

2) What is the Silk Road?

G. Imperial decline1) Arrival of ____________________2) What city has 1600 Buddhist temples and 400 Shinto shrines?3) What happened under the Tokugawa Dynasty (1603-1868)?

1.4) Japan had an imperial hierarchy. Name the four and their position.

1.2.3.4.

5) What caused Japans economy to decline?6) What else caused Japans imperial decline?7) (China) What caused the Opium War (1839-1842) and what happened after? How does the

Treaty of Nanking play into this?

H.

Revolutionary China1) When did the Qing dynasty fall?2) What replaced the dynasty?3) Who was the first and second leader of the republic?

1.2.

4) 1920s alliance between nationalist part and communist party but in 1927 alliance ends5) What was the Long March (1934-35)?

1.2. Who organized it?3. In 1949, communists had control of China, which led the nationalists to do what?

6) What was the result of the Korean War (1950)?7) Three major parts of Revolutionary China!

1. 1958-62 Great Leap Forwarda)b)

2. 1966-76 The Cultural Revolutiona)

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b) When was the revolution over?3. 1978 97 the four Modernizations which are?

a) What did Deng Xiaoping do?b) Decentralization, entrepreneurship, open-door policy, foreign investment,

normalized trade

I. Post World War 2 economic growth in Japan1) Known as the _________________ of Japan _____% growth yearly2) 1963, Japans was the leading ____________ nation3) Advantages include:4) _____________ - business networks facilitated after WWII to promote national recovery

1. Example: ToyotaJ. Modern day East Asia

1) What is the worlds third largest economy?2) What is the worlds second largest economy and has potential to be a world center?3) Name the 4 Asian Tigers of East Asia.4) *In 2010, China over took Japan as the worlds 2nd largest economy but according to what

measure? What is the worlds largest economy?

5) High density in:K. Crowding

1) Extreme crowding in ________ average household 646 square ft, very expensive2) Population density in East Asia goes (low to high, high to low) going from west to east.

1. Pop density very high throughout most of2.

Population density very low in the

L. Population1) Due to overcrowding, China came up with the ______________ in 1979

1. What does this policy enforce?2. What are the consequences of this?

3. What are little emperors?2) Japan encourages for people to procreate. Why?

M.Migration1) China

1. Rural to Urban (34% urbanized)2. Counter-urbanization is?

2) Japan1. Is there a formal policy on rural living?2. People are emptying out of rural regions and rapid urbanization after what event?3. How much of japan is urbanized?

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3) South Korea1. Highly urbanized- from 21% in 1950 to 86% in 2000

4) North Korea1. 62% urbanized

N. Ethnicity and culture1) China has 56 ethnic groups

1. The dominant ethnic group is?2. Most common ethnic group in the world Face of the world (video from class)

2) ____________- invaded by China in 19501. Ethnic Han moved in2. Control of Buddhism

3) Xinjiang - _____________ peoples1. Muslim or Buddhists?

4) Main language of China and largest in the world?5) Religion in this region

1. Confucianism:2.3. Who practices Shinto and what is it?

a) Also practices Buddhism4. Which popular Japanese sport a Shinto rite?

O. Geopolitics Taiwan, North Korea1) North Korea

1. 1972- North Koreas first eternal president, the Great Leader was _______________but died in 1994

2. Who was his successor?3. Result of North Koreas isolation: floods, droughts, famine, stagnating economy

(disasterous harvest in 1997 and 2000 caused widespread famine)

4.

Has the ______ largest army, possible __________ capacity2) Taiwan- what is the capital?1. In 1949, Taiwan was established as Republic of China by ____________________ after

it was expelled by communists

2. Part of Cold War politics: initially supported US, but ______________________ when USrecognized China.

3. China still views Taiwan as a___________________.4. 1987 saw political liberalization5. Has been economically prosperous over past 30 years, booming economy! One of the

Asian Tigers.

P. Regional development CHINA1) What does SEZ stand for and what are the foreign investments in SEZ?2) China has established SEZs to attract:3) Wealthy coastal regions along ______________, poverty and poor infrastructure _________4) ______________ problems limit connection between booming east and underdeveloped west5) Mass migration from _______ to ___________

Q. Regional development in Japan (pacific corridor)

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1) Japans Corridor Megalopolis: _______________1. Long urbanization zone along Pacific Coast, similar to Boswash in US2. What is the center of the Pacific corridor?3. Deep water ports, flat lands, skilled labor ( ____% of Japans GDP, 50 mill)

2) Shinkansen Railway is also known as what?R. Major cities

1) Name Chinas major cities and why are each important?1.2.3.

2) What is a major city in Japan? Why is it important?3) What is a major city in South Korea? Why is it important?

1.2. What is Chaebol?3. Name some Korean cars and consumer electronics.

IMPORTANT TERMS AND CONCEPTS

Southeast Asia:

Peninsula, Archipelago, Mariana Trench, Pacific Ring of Fire, EEZ, Spratly Islands, Tsunami, ITCZ, Tropical

Monsoon, Wallace and Weber Line, Angkor Wat, Malacca and Molucca, Indochina Wars, Domino Theory,

Agent Orange, Khmer Rouge, Transmigration, Internal Migration, International Migration, Urban Primacy, Dual

Centers, Desakota, Crony Capitalism, Kleptocracy, Matrilocality, Patrilocality, ASEAN, AFTA, Growth Triangle

East Asia:

Roof of the World, Turfan Depression, Asian Brown Cloud, Silk Road, Insular Policies, Emperor Shogun

Daimyo Samurai, Opium War, Treaty of Nanking, Gunboat Diplomacy, The Long March, Formosa, The Great

Leap Forward, The Cultural Revolution, The Four Modernizations, Keiretsu, Little Emperors,

Counterurbanization, Han, Uighur, Confucianism, Shinto, SEZ, Tokaido, Shinkansen, Forbidden City, Chaebol