Genomic Analysis of Wetland Sediment as a Tool for Avian Influenza Virus Surveillance in Wild...
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Transcript of Genomic Analysis of Wetland Sediment as a Tool for Avian Influenza Virus Surveillance in Wild...
Genomic Analysis of Wetland Sediment as a Tool for Avian
Influenza Virus Surveillance in Wild Waterfowl
Chelsea Himsworth DVM, MVetSc, PhD, Dipl ACVPLeader, Veterinary Science and Diagnostics, Animal
Health Centre, BC Ministry of Agriculture
Why Sediment?• Traditional surveillance methods• Avian influenza reservoir
o Passiveo Hunter kills or Live bird capture
Why Sediment?
Why Sediment?
Aim 1: To characterize the ecology of waterfowl species in the Fraser Valley and identify sentinel wetlands for sediment sampling.
Aim 2: To use analyze superficial sediment samples from the aforementioned wetlands for the presence of H5N2 and other AI strains of significance to poultry and public health.
Aim 3: To synthesize the ecological and molecular information in order to develop a better understanding of the 2014/2015 outbreak and to develop a strategy (with associated field and laboratory methodology) through which sediment surveillance could be implemented in the future.
Maps courtesy of Innovation and Adaptation Services Branch, Ministry of Agriculture
Maps courtesy of Innovation and Adaptation Services Branch, Ministry of Agriculture
+ 41 samples taken on infected premises
RNA Extraction Parallel Sequencing- PCR-based- Flu RNA capture
= HxNx= HxNx
Bioinformatics
Matrix PCR
8% of samples positive and an additional 17% suspect positive
So what?
• We can detect AI in wetland sediment!• But still need to figure out if AI in sediment is
representative of strains circulating in waterfowl populations
46% of samples positive and an additional 17% suspect positive
So what?
• There seems to be heavy environmental contamination on infected premises
• Is this due to waterfowl or is it spillover from the poultry barn?
Summer Sampling
• Need to start with a ‘clean slate’ each year for sediment sampling to work as a surveillance tool
• Repeat sampling at AI positive sites in August/September 2015
So what?
• Wetlands appear to ‘self sterilize’ over the summer
• Suggests that AI found in the fall represents what has been brought in by that year’s migration (vs. ‘left overs’ from the previous year)
Next Steps
• Full genome sequencing to characterize AI viruses in each sample
• Epidemiologic/ecologic study to provide insight into virus ecology and sampling methodology
Next Steps
• Refine and transfer technology
Next Steps
• Determine if AI in sediment is representative of AI in wild waterfowl
• Compare and contrast different surveillance techniques to identify the most efficient and effective combination
Future Directions
Acknowledgements
Animal Health Centre
Sustainable Poultry Farming Group