Genome generation

Timetable for today

Time Activity

00:00 Introduction to the session

00:10 Story cards

00:20 Info cards

00:30 Issue cards

00:40 Discuss two key issues

00:45 Feedback your issues

What is DNA?

TA G

DNA’s code

C

What is a gene?

Coding DNANon-coding

DNA

Protein

What is a genome?

G

CTAGTCGATAG

Genetic variation

C

CTAGTCTATAG C

Sequencing technology

• Sequencing technology is advancing rapidly.

• In 10 years DNA sequencing will become part of routine medical screening.

Image by Roy Kaltschmidt, LBNL.

What is genotyping?

• Genotyping involves looking at particular regions of the genome that are known to vary between individuals.

• Information from genotyping can indicate:– disease risk– drug responsiveness– carrier status for disease– personal traits such as eye colour.Image by Kat M Research, Flickr.

What is genome sequencing?

• Genome sequencing involves finding out the whole sequence of a person’s DNA.

• Commercially available personal genome sequencing currently costs between £6,000 and £12,000.

Image courtesy of Wellcome Library, London

Genes vs environment

• A predisposition means that people with a particular genotype tend to have an increased risk of developing a disease.

• Lifestyle plays a significant role in increasing or decreasing the risk of developing some diseases. Monogenic

Type 2 Diabetes

Obesity

Infectious Disease

Environment

Genes

Story cards (10 minutes)

What is pharmacogenomics? What is schizophrenia?

The genetics of breast cancer

What are the risk factors

for heart disease?

What is flucloxacillin?

How much can genetics alone

really tell you?

Are personalised medicines

the drugs of the future? About the risk gene ApoE-e4

Genetic counselling

Info cards (10 minutes)

Issue cards (10 minutes)

How would you feel…?

Who should know…?

But, what if…?

Is it right that…?

Is it better to know…?

What would you do…?

Top issues (5 minutes)

• Decide what are the two top issues that come out of the scenario.

• Highlight these as they will be used in feedback session.

• Remember to write notes throughout the discussion.

Discussion guidelines• Speak for yourself and not for others.

• Allow others to finish before you speak. Listen well.

• Ask questions (???) as well as making statements (!!!)

• Explain what you think and feel.

• Respect differences in opinion. Find where you agree.

• Share your life experiences and knowledge – it is valuable.

Genome generation