Genghis Khan and Mongol Eurasian Integration Genghis Khan and Mongol Eurasian Integration.
Genghis (Chinggis) Khan (Universal Ruler) / Temujin Rise to power illustrates the fluidity of...
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![Page 1: Genghis (Chinggis) Khan (Universal Ruler) / Temujin Rise to power illustrates the fluidity of nomadic society Unifies all the tribes, but he needed enemies,](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081512/56649cef5503460f949bdd07/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Genghis (Chinggis) Khan (Universal Ruler) / Temujin
• Rise to power illustrates the fluidity of nomadic society
• Unifies all the tribes, but he needed enemies, pillage to keep unity
![Page 2: Genghis (Chinggis) Khan (Universal Ruler) / Temujin Rise to power illustrates the fluidity of nomadic society Unifies all the tribes, but he needed enemies,](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081512/56649cef5503460f949bdd07/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Elements of military success• Mobilization of
complete male population – high status of women in tribal societies made this possible
• Bow of Mongols was particularly good – accurate at very high range
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Elements of military success
• Horse culture; Each Mongol in battle would have 5 horses at the start of a campaign.
• “Shock and awe” – ruthless or merciful• Flexible in learning new tactics: learned seige
warfare, used gunpowder, built a navy• Raids and pillages first across Central Asia, city-
states, regional kingdoms – outnumbered but not by that much
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Conquests of Genghis Khan – Central Asia, not the high population areas
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Elements of Mongol military success
• A vacuum into which the Mongols moved over the course of three generations – 80 years
• All their opponents were in state of decline:– Central Asia – Shahs ruling independent city-states
were easist pickings– China – 2 different empires; conquered the easiest one
first; armed by Song to fight Jurchens; several decades before an attempt to conquer the Song
– Russia – many principalities– Abbasid Empire – in decline
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The Mongol Khanates
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The Four Khanates• China – Yuan Dynasty (1279-1368)• Golden Horde – Russia (1240-1450)
– No direct control – no assimilation or change in Russian culture
– Extraction of tribute from Russian princes– Turns Russia away from west, Catholism, development
• Il-khanate – Persia (1258 – 1350) – End of Abbasid Empire– Destruction of much of economy– Direct rule– Adopt Muslim religion, assimilate to Persian traditions
• Chagatai – Central Asia