Genetics of Formosan Sambar Deer ... of Formosan Sambar Deer Presented by: Liang, Hsiao-Mei 22...
Transcript of Genetics of Formosan Sambar Deer ... of Formosan Sambar Deer Presented by: Liang, Hsiao-Mei 22...
Genetics of Formosan Sambar DeerGenetics of Formosan Sambar Deer
Presented by: Liang, HsiaoPresented by: Liang, Hsiao--MeiMei
22 November, 2011
Kaohsiung Animal Propagation Station,Livestock Research Institute, Council of Agriculture,
Executive Yuan
OUTLINE OF PRESENTATIONOUTLINE OF PRESENTATION
◆◆
The The Endemic subspecies of TaiwanEndemic subspecies of Taiwan
◆◆
The valuable of velvet antlerThe valuable of velvet antler
◆◆
Profiled of sambar deer industry of TaiwanProfiled of sambar deer industry of Taiwan
◆◆
Apply RFID technology on deer farm Apply RFID technology on deer farm managementmanagement
◆◆
Advantage of Taiwan deer industryAdvantage of Taiwan deer industry
TaxonomyTaxonomy●●
Common name: SambarCommon name: Sambar
●●
Kingdom: AnimaliaKingdom: Animalia
●●
Phylum: ChordataPhylum: Chordata
●●
Class: MammaliaClass: Mammalia
●●
Order: CetartiodactylaOrder: Cetartiodactyla
●●
Family: Cervidae Family: Cervidae
•• Subfamily: Cervinae Subfamily: Cervinae •• Spcies: Spcies: Rusa unicolorRusa unicolor (Kerr 1792)(Kerr 1792)•• Subspecies: Subspecies:
1, 1, R. u. unicolorR. u. unicolor (Kerr 1792)(Kerr 1792) Indian subcontinent and CeylonIndian subcontinent and Ceylon
2, 2, R. u. dejeaniR. u. dejeani (de Pousargues 1896)(de Pousargues 1896) SouthSouth--west China west China
3, 3, R. u. cambojensisR. u. cambojensis (Gray 1861)(Gray 1861) Indochina, southern China, Burma and TibetIndochina, southern China, Burma and Tibet
4, 4, R. u. hainanaR. u. hainana (Xu 1983) (Xu 1983) Hainan islandHainan island
5, 5, R. u. swinhoeiR. u. swinhoei (Sclater 1862)(Sclater 1862) Taiwan islandTaiwan island
6, 6, R. u. equinaR. u. equina (G. Cuvier 1823)(G. Cuvier 1823) Malaya and Sumatra Malaya and Sumatra
7, 7, R. u. brookeiR. u. brookei (Hose 1893)(Hose 1893) BorneoBorneo
The Endemic subspecies of TaiwanThe Endemic subspecies of Taiwan■ Formosan Sambar Deer
(Cervus unicolor swinhoei )The features :■ The largest ruminant in Taiwan■ Body weight: 200-250Kg ■ The fur is dark brown ■ Have facial glands under their eyes■ Male have antlers, but females don’t have.■ Estrus occurred from June to Nov. ■ Estrus cycle: about 17days■ Gestation period: about 260 days■ Produce one fawn each year■ Male reaches one year of age start to grow
antlers
Yearly antler cycle of Formosan sambar deer
Dec.Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.
MayJun.
Jul.
Aug.
Sep.
Oct.
Nov. Antler pedicles start developing
antlers begin to grow from the pedicle. And the antlers tissue is soft.
=>velvet
Antlers get harden
the hardened antlers are cast
The valuable of velvet antlerThe valuable of velvet antler■ Velvet antler has been used in
traditional Chinese medicines and healthy food for over 2000 years
■Studies indicate that deer velvet supplements may improve athletic performance by:
◆increasing strength and endurance ◆ increasing oxygen-carrying capacity
of the blood◆ repairing minor tissue damage from
exertion ◆ boosting the immune system of
athletes
■■ Farms: 629 Farms: 629
■■
Quantity of domesticQuantity of domestic sambar deers :19,226 sambar deers :19,226 heads in 2010heads in 2010
■■
The Yield of Velvet was 22,386kg in 2010The Yield of Velvet was 22,386kg in 2010
■■
The value of velvet production was about 6 The value of velvet production was about 6 billion NT dollars in 2010billion NT dollars in 2010
Profiled of sambar deer industry Profiled of sambar deer industry in Taiwanin Taiwan
Distribution of domestic sambarsambar deerMiaoli,844 heads
Nantou, 6,611 heads
Tainan,3,298 heads
Kaohsiung1,558 heads
Changhua , 887 heads
YearYear Deer farmDeer farm Velvet weightVelvet weight
2009 Darong Deer farm(Nantou County)
15,112 g
2010 Yuan-bao Deer farm(Nantou County)
11,925 g
2011 Tian-An-zhi-xiang Deer farm(Taoyuan County)
13,474 g
The champion of velvet competitions within three years The champion of velvet competitions within three years
Generation 1 in 2010
The velvet was 3,255 g in 2010(ear tag number is 6808)
The velvet was 2,336 g in 2010 (ear tag number is 6867)
The velvet was 2,940 g in 2010 (ear tag number is 6819)
Breed deer
The velvet was 4,425 g in 2010 (ear tag number is 6719)
The velvet was 15,112 g in 2009
News paper reported that value of deer is 30 millions NT dollars.
The value of the deer is 1 million NT dollars
Radio Frequency Identification (RFID)
Personal Digital Assistant (PDA) radioed reply
RFID耳標
RFID tag
Computer
The data of Ear tag
Wireless network
Personal Digital Assistant (PDA)
000000000000000024
96Q-1022
120.8Kg
Ear TagRFID Tag
Weight
The deer with RFID tag
Apply RFID technology on deer farm managementApply RFID technology on deer farm management
Recording ItemsRecording Items
General
item
Estrus data
Ear tag no. list
Ear tag no. search :
velvet
weightVaccinationAdd new deer
delivery
Frozen sperm
Total data Cost & balance Breed deer
Deer data monitor System
General dataGeneral data
picture remove
recoveredit
Ear tag no.
subspecies
sex
The date of birth
Weight of bith
group
location
source farm
the tag no. of father the tag no. of mother
described
The date of input
The date of exiting
The reason of exiting
weight
note
date of Input
Animal Health Inspection and Animal Health Inspection and Disease Control Center Disease Control Center CertificateCertificate
The result of The result of Tuberculosis test is Tuberculosis test is negativenegative
■■
Formosan Sambar Deer is endemic Formosan Sambar Deer is endemic subspecies of Taiwansubspecies of Taiwan
■■
Deer health status is inspected by Deer health status is inspected by governmentgovernment
■■
The prospect of deer industry of Taiwan is The prospect of deer industry of Taiwan is brightening.brightening.
Advantage of deer Advantage of deer industryindustry in Taiwanin Taiwan