Genetic Map of Drosophila

Fig. 5-14

Pairing of Homologous Chromosomes

P

M

Fig. 2-13, 2-14

Crossing Over Occurs Between DNA of Homologous Chromosomes

Paternal

Maternal

PairedHomologousChromosomes

Fig. 2-8

Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit Fly)

Phenotypes• eye color• body color• wing shape• antenna length• bristle pattern

Single Crossover (SCO)

Paternal

Maternal

PairedHomologousChromosomes

Double Crossover (DCO)

PairedHomologousChromosomes

Paternal

Maternal

DCO Products

Pedigree for ABO Blood Group and Nail-Patella Syndrome

HIV-1 Structure

(Gp120)

HIV Infection Pathway

Protein encodedBy CCR5-1 allele(CCR5-1 / CCR5-1 or CCR5-1 / CCR5-∆32)

HIV-1

Gp120

Cytosol

Extra-cellularSpace

Membrane

CCR5

CCR5 RFLP

CCR5-1

CCR5-∆32

CCR5 Genotype Analysis

Fig. 25-3

CCR5-∆32 Allele Frequency

Fig. 25-4

Assumptions of the Hardy-Weinberg Equation

1. Individuals of all genotypes have equal rates of survival and reproductive success (no selection).

2. No new alleles are created or converted from one allele toanother by mutation.

3. Individuals do not migrate into or out of the population(no gene flow).

4. The population is infinitely large (no genetic drift).

5. Individuals in the population mate randomly (no inbreeding)

Page 619-620

Fig. 25-8

Changes in CCR5-∆32 Allele Frequency

Fig. 25-7

Effect of Selection on Allele Frequency

Pedigree Showing First Cousin Mating

Genes comprise ~ 5% of genomeRepeated DNA comprises ~ 50% of genome (purple blocks)

VNTR (Variable Number Tandem Repeat)STR (Short Tandem Repeat)

Unique (“junk”) DNA comprises the rest

Organization of Human Genome

Fig. 20-8Pg. 494

(~ 50 kbp)

STR-DSTR-CSTR-B STR-E STR-FSTR-A

Chromosome 7

STR-DSTR-CSTR-B STR-E STR-FSTR-A

7M

7P

GTCTAG GTCTAG GTCTAGCAGATC CAGATC CAGATC

GTCTAG GTCTAG GTCTAG GTCTAG CAGATC CAGATC CAGATC CAGATC

7M

7P

Fig. 22-27

RFLP Analysis of VNTR Locus

Fig. 22-28